skin disease and flood crisis
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The document discusses several skin diseases and health issues that can arise during flooding situations, including leptospirosis, dengue fever, and other waterborne and vector-borne diseases. Leptospirosis is caused by bacteria spread through contact with contaminated water or soil, and symptoms can include fever, jaundice, and occasionally a transient rash. Dengue fever causes flu-like symptoms and a rash, and can develop into dengue hemorrhagic fever with potential complications of bleeding. Flooding increases risks of various diseases by expanding habitats for mosquitoes and contaminating water sources.
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this ppt is made by shrikrishna kesharwani , student of urban planning,4th year, Manit , Bhopal,
in this ppt, I have discussed how to do pandemic or epidemic management in detail.,
LEPTOSPIROSIS (Preventive Medicine)
Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease caused by Leptospira interrogans bacteria transmitted via contact with contaminated water or soil. It commonly occurs in tropical countries with heavy rainfall. Symptoms include high fever, severe headache, jaundice and vomiting. While most cases are mild, some can lead to serious complications or death if not treated promptly with antibiotics. Prevention focuses on public health education, sanitation efforts, and limiting exposure to contaminated environments and animals.
Pandemic101
Kathleen Harriman, PhD, MPH, RN
Kathy has worked in the healthcare and public health fields for the past 35 years as a pediatric emergency room nurse, a hospital infection control practitioner, and as an infectious disease epidemiologist. For the last two years, Kathy has been Chief of the Vaccine Preventable Disease Epidemiology Section in the Immunization Branch of the California Department of Public Health. Prior to joining CDPH, she worked for 15 years at the Minnesota Department of Health in a number of public health areas, including HIV/AIDS and the Emerging Infections Program. During her last five years there she supervised the Infection Control Unit where she worked on community-associated MRSA and a variety of infectious disease issues, including many community and healthcare-associated outbreaks. Kathy has an MPH from the University of Sydney (Australia) and a PhD from the University of Minnesota.
CLIMATE AND HEALTH NZ For General Audiences
Climate change is projected to negatively impact health in New Zealand through increased heat waves, harmful algal blooms, mosquito-borne diseases, and mass dislocation of refugees. Warmer temperatures will lead to more frequent and severe heat waves, increasing heat-related illnesses and deaths. Warmer oceans are promoting algal blooms which produce toxins that accumulate in shellfish. This poses risks of paralytic shellfish poisoning and liver diseases from algal toxins. Rising temperatures also increase bacteria like Vibrio in shellfish and allow mosquitoes that transmit diseases like dengue to potentially establish in New Zealand. Mass migration of climate refugees from poorer countries may introduce diseases like tuberculosis to New Zealand.
Waterborne diseases
This document discusses waterborne diseases and epidemics caused by contaminated drinking water. It outlines various bacteria, viruses, and protozoa that can be transmitted through water and cause diseases like cholera, typhoid fever, diarrhea, and jaundice. Treatment of drinking water through chlorination and water filtration has reduced waterborne disease outbreaks in developed nations. However, in developing parts of the world where water treatment is not universal, waterborne illnesses remain a major public health issue. The document emphasizes the importance of access to safe drinking water and proper sanitation globally.
Common Infectious Disease
a brief outline of some of the scarier infectious diseases disproportionately affecting populations worldwide
Reemergence of old neglected tropical diseases related to the Panama Canal
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This document discusses neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and their impact. It defines NTDs as communicable diseases prevalent in tropical areas that affect neglected populations. NTDs cause significant morbidity through conditions like anemia and pain. They impair development and food security. When considered together, NTDs are the second leading cause of death after HIV. NTDs disproportionately impact vulnerable groups and represent a long-term disease burden if left untreated. The document examines specific NTDs and their transmission patterns and global distribution.Effects Of Climate Change On Health Dr Troy Gepte
Climate change is expected to negatively impact public health in several ways:
1) Increased heat waves and temperatures will lead to more heat-related illnesses and deaths.
2) Extreme weather like floods and storms from climate change will also cause health issues.
3) Rising global temperatures are projected to expand the ranges of infectious diseases like malaria and dengue fever.
4) Changes in climate may contribute to problems with food and water safety due to effects on microbial contamination.
Neglected diseases---Overview
Neglected tropical diseases are a group of infections that are endemic in developing regions and cause significant disease burden. They include roundworm, hookworm, schistosomiasis, lymphatic filariasis, trachoma, sleeping sickness, and others. These diseases primarily affect poor populations in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Integrated control programs involving mass drug administration, vaccination, sanitation efforts, and public-private partnerships can help eliminate neglected tropical diseases.
Microbes around us.pptx
Microorganisms are found everywhere and can adapt to extreme environments. They play both beneficial and harmful roles. Beneficially, they make foods and medicines and increase soil fertility. Harmfully, they can cause disease, spoil food, and degrade products. Airborne diseases spread via coughing or sneezing and cause symptoms like coughing and fever. Water pollution from sewage, industry, and agriculture can introduce bacteria, viruses, and parasites that cause diseases like typhoid, hepatitis, and cryptosporidiosis. Preventing the spread of microbes involves vaccination, quarantine, handwashing, and water treatment.
Leptospirosis- Dr Ajay Tyagi
Leptospirosis an emerging public health problem. I have give an overview and skipped Pathogenesis & Surviellance. Tried to keep it short & informative.
Especially Dangerous Infection
Pneumonic plague is a highly contagious and lethal form of plague that is transmitted through inhalation of infectious droplets. It has a very short incubation period of 2-3 days and causes severe pneumonia that can lead to respiratory failure and shock if not treated promptly with antibiotics. Without treatment, pneumonic plague has a mortality rate approaching 100%. It is considered one of the most dangerous infectious diseases due to its ability to spread rapidly between humans via the respiratory route. Laboratory testing is required to confirm a diagnosis of pneumonic plague through identification of Yersinia pestis in clinical samples.
1-What are the challenges in combating emerging and reemerging disease.docx
1.What are the challenges in combating emerging and reemerging diseases?
2.Discuss some of the examples given your book.
3.Some steps we can take to prevent an outbreak of the diseases.
Emerging Infectious Diseases LEARNING OBJECTIVE 14-19 List several probable reasons for emerging infectious diseases, and name one example for each reason. Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are diseases that are new or changing, are showing an increase in incidence in the CHAPER 14 . Princlples of Disease and Epidemiologg 411. recem past, or show a potential to increase in the near future (see Chapter 1). An emerging disease can be caused by a virus. a bacterium, a fungus, a protonoan, or a helminth. About 75% of emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, mainly of viral origin, and are likely to be vecton borne. Several criteria are used for identifyiog an HiD, For exam. ple, some diseases present symptoms that are cleady disinctive from all other diseases. Some are recogrized because improved diagnostic techniques allow the identification of a new parbogen. Others are identified when a local disease becoines widespread, a rare diskase becomes common, a mild diseas becomes more severe, or an increase in life span permits a alow. disease to develop. Examples of emerging infectious diseases are listed in Table 14.5 and described in the boses in Chapters 8 and 13 (pages 218 . and 367 ) . A variety of factoss contribute to the emerpence of nicw infectious diseases: - New srains, such as E. coli 0157417 and avian influcaza (H5N1). may result from genetic recoenbination between organisms. - A new serovar, sich as Videio dolerae O139, may resulh from changes in or the evolution of existing microorga niams. - The widespread, and sometimes unwarranted, use of antiblotics and pesticides encourages the growth of mote resistant populations of microbes and the vectors (mosquitoes, lice, and eicks) that carry then. - Clobal warming and changes in weather patterns mayy increase the distribution and survival of reervairs and vectors. resulting in the insrodaction and dissemination of diseases. such as malaria and Handavines palmonary syndrome. - Known diseases, such as Zika virus discase, chikungganya. dengue, and West Nile encephalitis, may spread to new geographic areas by modern transportation. This was less likely 100 years ago, when tavel took vo long that infected traveless either died or recovered during passage - Insect vectors transported to new areas can transmit infections brought by human traveles. The African yellow fever mosquito. Aedes aedppli came to the Anecicas with the first European explorers. Yellow ficver yinus was also. brought to the Americas with those first exploren, and A aegypti transmitted the disease to native populations and immigrants alike. The A sian eiger mosquito, A . allopitrie, was. inadvertently brought to Texas on a cargo ship from lapan in 1985. Both Ades ypecies are now estaklished throughout the southem and southwestern stares..
Epidemiological definitions
The document defines and describes various types of infectious diseases and conditions. It discusses infections, contamination, infestation, and defines related terms like host, infectious disease, contagious disease, communicable disease, epidemic, endemic, sporadic, pandemic, exotic, zoonoses, epizootic, enzootic, epornithic, nosocomial infection, opportunistic infection, and iatrogenic disease. It provides examples for many of these terms.
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- 9. ข้อมูลย้อนหลัง 48 ปี ( พ . ศ .2493-2540) สรุปฤดูกาลเกิดอุทกภัยตามภาคต่างๆดังนี้
- 12. FLOODING AND COMMUNICABLE DISEASES FACT SHEET
- 28. associated skin diseases during the flood
- 30. Text Darkfield microscopy of leptospiral microscopic agglutination test.
- 31. Silver stain, liver, fatal human leptospirosis
- 53. ROSE SPOT: TYPHOID FEVER
- 68. Trench foot
- 70. Ninety-six patients were evaluated by two dermatologists in the present study (58 females and 38 males) with 102 skin conditions. The ages of the patients ranged from 2 to 81 years, with a median age of 46 years. The study was done in both Singhaburi and Utaithani provinces during October 2006.
- 72. -Gram negative bacilli, Coryne- bacterium and Staphylococcus species were found in 14, 4 and 4 specimens respectively. - fungal culture showed two (out of 16) positive specimens. They were Trichosporon mucoides and non-spore forming hyaline fungi
- 105. PAPULAR URTICARIA
- 114. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:173-179.
- 116. Reported : MP rash
- 118. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:173-179.
- 148. Eggs of S. haematobium in wet mounts of urine concentrates, showing the characteristic terminal spine
Editor's Notes
- มีรายงานหลายที่ในโลก มีการแพร่เชืื้อต่างๆมากมาบ
- เช่น มีรายงาน lepto ในเมืองไทย