The document provides an overview of India's economic planning and development since independence in 1947. It summarizes the objectives and achievements of each five-year plan from the first plan in 1951 to the eleventh plan ending in 2012. The key highlights are the establishment of the Planning Commission in 1950, a focus on industrialization and poverty reduction, the Green Revolution, and increasing GDP growth rates over time with the most recent plans aiming for 8-10% growth. Challenges faced along the way included famines, the India-Pakistan wars, and periods of political instability.

1. Six decades post independence

3. Economic Backwardness

6. Formulation of Five-Year Plans for effective use of these resources

7. Determination of priorities, and allocation of resources for the Plans

8. Determination of requisite machinery for successful implementation of the Plans

9. Periodical appraisal of the progress of the Plan

10. To formulate plans for the most effective and balanced utilization of country's resources.

12. Allocation of the plan budjet

14. Evolution of good irrigation system

15. There was an improvement in roads, civil aviation,railways,manufacture of fertilizers,electrical equipments.

16. Bhakra Dam and Hirakud Dam.

18. Rapid Industrialisation

19. 25% increase in National Income

21. Hydro-electric power project

22. Production of coal increased

23. Increase in the number of railway lines

24. The Atomic Energy Commission was formed in 1957 with Homi J. Bhabha as the first chairman.

26. 3rd five year plan(1961-1966) Objectives Increased emphasis on agriculture Power sector given importance Increase in the National Income @ 5% per year. Promotion of economic development in backward areas. Prevent monopolies.

28. Setting up of Panchayat & ZilaParishads

29. Emphasized on soil conservation, irrigation, afforestation, and dry farming.

30. Building of fertilizer and cement plants.

31. Development of social services and education in India.

33. Fourth Five Year Plan 1969-1974

34. Situation India had to reform and restructure its expenditure agenda, following the attack on India in the year 1962 and for the second time in the year 1965 Due to recession, famine and drought, India did not pay much heed to long term goals. It started taking measures to overcome the crisis. The need for foreign reserves was felt

35. Objectives Economic self-reliance Reduction of foreign-aid Intensive irrigated agriculture Promotion of industrial development The target of over all growth rate was 5.7% per annum

36. Achievements The achievements of the fourth plan were below targets Agriculture growth was just at 2.8% Green revolution did not perform as expected Industry too grew at 3.9% The Indira Gandhi government nationalized 14 major Indian banks Actual growth rate achieved was 3.4%

37. Fifth Five Year Plan 1974-1979

38. Situation The world economy was in a troublesome state when the fifth five year plan was chalked out Prices in the energy and food sector skyrocketed and as a consequence inflation became inevitable

39. Objectives The fifth plan proposed to achieve two main objectives viz, 'removal of poverty' (GaribiHatao) and 'attainment of self reliance', through promotion of high rate of growth, better distribution of income and a very significant growth in the domestic rate of savings Target of growth rate in GDP was 5.5% per annum

40. Objectives to reduce social, regional, and economic disparities for developmental planning to enhance agricultural productivity to initiate land reforms to check rural and urban unemployment to emphasize on household industries to encourage self-employment through a well integrated local planning to encourage import substitution in areas like industrial machinery, chemicals, paper, iron and steel and non-ferrous metals to capture the markets with locational advantages to initiate appropriate use of fiscal, credit and production support policies in the cottage industry sector to develop labor intensive technological improvements

41. Achievements The greatest achievement was an unexpected rise of foreign exchange reserves. In 1974-75, Indian exports crossed 18%. For-ex reserves reached up to Rs. 4,000 crs by March 1978-79 Food-grain production was above 118 million tons due to the improvement of infrastructural facilities In the 4th year of this plan, the growth rate was as high as 8.6 % The actual average annual growth rate was 3.9% per annum

42. Rolling Plan (1978 - 80) The plan was terminated in 1978 (instead of 1979) when Janta Govt. came to power There were 2 Sixth Plans. One by Janta Govt. (for 1978-83) which was in operation for 2 years only and the other by the Congress Govt. when it returned to power in 1980.

43. Sixth Five year plan 1980 - 1985

44. Situation At the onset of the Sixth Five Year Plan India, Rajiv Gandhi, the then prime minister prioritized speedy industrial development, with special emphasis on the information technology sector From the Fifth Five Year Plan, the nation had been able to achieve self sufficiency in food. Moreover, the industrial sector was also diversified and science and technology also made a significant advance One of the major hindrances in the way of further development in this period was the boom in the Indian population

45. Objectives Target growth of GDP was 5.3% per annum Increasing industrialization to increase the growth rate of the economy to concentrate on the promotion of efficient use of resources to control poverty and unemployment to initiate modernization for achieving economic and technological self-reliance to introduce Minimum Needs Program for the poor and needy with an emphasis to reduce the discrepancies in income and wealth accumulation to initiate Family Planning Programs in order to check the growing population trends to protect and improve ecological and environmental assets to promote the education at all levels

46. Achievements Achieved Average annual growth rate was 5.7% per annum The transport and communication system improved under this Plan The Indian national highway system was introduced for the first time and many roads were widened to accommodate the increasing traffic Tourism also expanded The sixth plan also marked the beginning of economic liberalization resulting in growth in standard of living of people Family planning also was expanded in order to prevent overpopulation

48. Sixth Five year plan – fruitful in terms of productivity

49. Rate of inflation in control

51. Improved facilities for education to girls

52. The government undertook to increase productivity

53. Communications

54. Emergence of informatics, and hooking up of telecommunications with computers

55. Transport

57. Using modern technology

58. Agricultural development

59. Anti-poverty programs

60. Full supply of food, clothing, and shelter

61. Increasing productivity of small and large scale farmers

62. Making India an Independent Economy

64. Employment was expected to grow at the rate of 4 percent per year

65. Projections for Balance of Payments: Export - Rs.60.7 thousand crore, Imports - (-) 95.4 thousand crore, Trade Balance- (-) Rs.34.7 thousand crore

67. Crisis in FOREX reserves(Left with only 1 $b reserves)

68. Reforms in socialistic economy

70. ObJECTIVES To increase the technical capacities for developed science and technology To modernize Indian economy and build up a competitive efficiency in order to participate in the global developments To place greater emphasis on role of private initiative in the development of the industrial sector To involve the public sector to focus on only strategic, high-tech and essential infrastructural developments To create opportunities for the general people to get involved in various developmental activities by building and strengthening mass institutions Attain a GDP of 6.2%

71. ACHIEVEMENTS GDP growth of 6.7% was achieved Modernization of industries Liberalization , privatization & globalization Rise in Employment Level Poverty, which still afflicted 55% of the population in 1973-74, fell to 39% The literacy rate rose from 52% to 65%

72. NINTH FIVE YEAR PLAN(1997-2002)

73. OBJECTIVES To prioritize agricultural sector and emphasize on the rural development To generate adequate employment opportunities and promote poverty reduction To stabilize the prices in order to accelerate the growth rate of the economy To ensure food and nutritional security

74. OBJECTIVES To provide for the basic infrastructural facilities like education for all, safe drinking water, primary health care, transport, energy To check the growing population increase To encourage social issues like women empowerment, conservation of certain benefits for the Special Groups of the society To create a liberal market for increase in private investments To attain GDP growth of 6.5%

76. Substantial liberalisation of central industrial licensing and controls.

77. Reduction in tax rates, the far-reaching liberalization in the trade sector.

78. Reduction in tariff rates changed the business environment and scope for private investment.

80. 10th Five year Plan(2002-2007) Objectives Continued Increase in forest and tree cover to 25 per cent by 2007 and 33 per cent by 2012; All villages to have sustained access to potable drinking water within the Plan period; Cleaning of all major polluted rivers by 2007 and other notified stretches by 2012; Target GDP is 8%

82. The overall growth in agricultural sector was 2.5%

83. Growth of manufacturing sector from 3.3% to 8.6%

84. Service sector was fastest growing sector at 15.3%

86. Education Reduce dropout rates of children from elementary school from 52.2% in 2003-04 to 20% by 2011-12 Develop minimum standards of educational attainment in elementary school, and by regular testing monitor effectiveness of education to ensure quality Increase literacy rate for persons of age 7 years or above to 85% Lower gender gap in literacy to 10 percentage points

87. Health Reduce infant mortality rate to 28 and maternal mortality ratio to 1 per 1000 live births Provide clean drinking water for all by 2009 and ensure that there are no slip-backs Reduce malnutrition among children of age group 0-3 to half its present level Reduce anaemia among women and girls by 50% by the end of the plan Women and Children Raise the sex ratio for age group 0-6 to 935 by 2011-12 and to 950 by 2016-17 Ensure that at least 33 percent of the direct and indirect beneficiaries of all government schemes are women and girl children Ensure that all children enjoy a safe childhood, without any compulsion to work

88. Infrastructure Ensure electricity connection to all villages and BPL households by 2009 and round-the-clock power. Ensure all-weather road connection to all habitation with population 1000 and above (500 in hilly and tribal areas) by 2009, and ensure coverage of all significant habitation by 2015 Connect every village by telephone by November 2007 and provide broadband connectivity to all villages by 2012 Environment Increase forest and tree cover by 5 percentage points. Attain WHO standards of air quality in all major cities by 2011-12. Treat all urban waste water by 2011-12 to clean river waters.

94. Real GDP Growth Source World Development Indicators,World Bank

95. ICOR Source World Development Indicators,World Bank

96. DeMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS

97. Projected Age Structure (in million)

98. DIStribution Of labour force

99. Projection of national poverty ratio

100. Literacy rates

101. India : Vision 2020 Agriculture and food processing -- with a target of doubling the present production of food and agricultural products by 2020. Agro food processing industry would lead to the prosperity of rural people, food security and speed up the economic growth; Infrastructure with reliable and quality electric power including solar farming for all parts of the country, providing urban amenities in rural areas and interlinking of rivers; Education and Healthcare: To provide social security and eradication of illiteracy and health for all;

102. Information and Communication Technology: This is one of our core competencies and wealth generator. ICT can be used for tele-education, tele-medicine and e-governance to promote education in remote areas, healthcare and also transparency in the administration; and Critical technologies and strategic industries would witness the growth in nuclear technology, space technology and defence technology

103. THANK YoU