The document discusses India's history of economic planning through five-year plans since 1951. It outlines the objectives and focus of each five-year plan such as promoting industrialization, agriculture, poverty alleviation, and self-reliance. The Planning Commission was established in 1950 to coordinate and execute the plans aimed at equitable resource use, economic growth, and reducing economic disparities across regions. Each successive plan targeted higher GDP growth rates with varying degrees of achievement.
This presentation explains the conditions which led to the introduction of 1991 economic reforms of India, the key features of the reforms and the impact it created on Indian economy.
This presentation explains the conditions which led to the introduction of 1991 economic reforms of India, the key features of the reforms and the impact it created on Indian economy.
Macro-economic stabilisation and structural adjustment in India (1991)Antara Chakrabarty
These slides mainly give an insight into the major macroeconomic stabilization and structural adjustments that were made in India during severe financial crisis of 1991. It discusses the situation sector-wise and provides with a detailed glossary of important terms towards the end of the slide-show.
This ppt contains
Budget
Fiscal Imbalance
Deficit
Deficit Financing
Harshit Jalan
Adverse Effect of Deficit Financing
Need
Is deficit financing inflationary
Macro-economic stabilisation and structural adjustment in India (1991)Antara Chakrabarty
These slides mainly give an insight into the major macroeconomic stabilization and structural adjustments that were made in India during severe financial crisis of 1991. It discusses the situation sector-wise and provides with a detailed glossary of important terms towards the end of the slide-show.
This ppt contains
Budget
Fiscal Imbalance
Deficit
Deficit Financing
Harshit Jalan
Adverse Effect of Deficit Financing
Need
Is deficit financing inflationary
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
What is the TDS Return Filing Due Date for FY 2024-25.pdfseoforlegalpillers
It is crucial for the taxpayers to understand about the TDS Return Filing Due Date, so that they can fulfill your TDS obligations efficiently. Taxpayers can avoid penalties by sticking to the deadlines and by accurate filing of TDS. Timely filing of TDS will make sure about the availability of tax credits. You can also seek the professional guidance of experts like Legal Pillers for timely filing of the TDS Return.
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Tata Group Dials Taiwan for Its Chipmaking Ambition in Gujarat’s DholeraAvirahi City Dholera
The Tata Group, a titan of Indian industry, is making waves with its advanced talks with Taiwanese chipmakers Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (PSMC) and UMC Group. The goal? Establishing a cutting-edge semiconductor fabrication unit (fab) in Dholera, Gujarat. This isn’t just any project; it’s a potential game changer for India’s chipmaking aspirations and a boon for investors seeking promising residential projects in dholera sir.
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Vat Registration is a legal obligation for businesses meeting the threshold requirement, helping companies avoid fines and ramifications. Contact now!
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Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit and TemplatesAurelien Domont, MBA
This Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit was created by ex-McKinsey, Deloitte and BCG Management Consultants, after more than 5,000 hours of work. It is considered the world's best & most comprehensive Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit. It includes all the Frameworks, Best Practices & Templates required to successfully undertake the Digital Transformation of your organization and define a robust IT Strategy.
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Business Valuation Principles for EntrepreneursBen Wann
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Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
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Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
2. Economic Planning
Economic planning is to make decision with respect
to the use of resources.
In communist countries the government makes both
micro and macro economic decisions.
Microeconomic decisions include what goods and
services to produce, the qualities to produce, the
prices to charge, and the wages to pay.
Macroeconomics decisions include the rate of
investment and the extent of foreign trade.
3. Need for Economic Planning
Mess Poverty And Low Per Capital Income.
High Rate Of Growth Of Population.
Industrial Growth Was Negligible.
Low Level Of Literacy
Backward Technology
Traditional Attitude.
Social And Economic Problem Created By Partition Of
Country.
4. Objective of Economic Planning
Economic growth
Reduction of economic in equalities
Balanced regional development
Modernization
Reduction of unemployment
5. Planning commission of India
Planning commission of India was setup in March 1950
by government of India. The task before planning
commission of India are:-
Effective utilization of resources.
Prepare five year plan along with its objective.
Coordination with state government of India for
execution of plan
Determination of priorities, stages of plan and propose
of allocation of resources for due completion of stages.
6. Five year plans
First Five-Year Plan (1951-1956)
The 1st five year plan was presented by Jawaharlal Nehru,
who was the Prime Minister during that period. It was
formulated for the execution of various plans between
1951 to 1956. The Planning Commission was
responsible for working out the plan
The primary aim of the 1st five year plan was to
improve living standards of the people of India
The target set for the growth in the gross domestic
product was 2.1percent every year.
7. Second Five-Year Plan (1956–1961)
The second five-year plan focused on industry,
especially heavy industry. This plan particularly
focused in the development of the Public Sector.
Target Growth:4.5% Growth achieved:4.0%
Third Five-Year Plan (1961–1966)
The third plan stressed on agriculture and
improvement in the production of wheat, but the
brief Sino-Indian War of 1962 exposed weaknesses in
the economy and shifted the focus towards the
‘Defense industry or Indian army’.
Target Growth: 5.6% Actual Growth: 2.4%
8. Fourth Five-Year Plan (1969–1974)
Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister. The Indira
Gandhi government nationalized 14 major Indian
banks and the Green Revolution in India advanced
agriculture
Target Growth: 5.7% Actual Growth: 3.3%
Fifth Five-Year Plan (1974–1979)
The plan focused on employment, poverty alleviation,
justice and self-reliance in agricultural production and
defense
Target Growth: 5.23% Actual Growth: 45.3%
9. Sixth Five-Year Plan (1980–1985)
The sixth plan marked the beginning of economic
liberalization. Price controls were eliminated and
ration shops were closed.
Target Growth: 5.2% Actual Growth: 5.4%
Seventh Five-Year Plan (1985–1990)
The main objectives of the 7th five-year plans were to
establish growth in areas of increasing economic
productivity, production of food grains, and
generating employment.
Target Growth: 5.0% Actual Growth: 5.7%
10. Eighth Five-Year Plan (1992–1997)
1989–91 was a period of economic instability in India and
hence no five-year plan was implemented. Between
1990 and 1992, there were only Annual Plans.
the country took the risk of reforming the socialist
economy and launched India's free market reforms.
Target Growth: 5.6% Actual Growth: 6.78%
Ninth Five-Year Plan (1997–2002)
Main objective was to prioritize agricultural sector and
emphasize on the rural development, to generate
adequate employment opportunities and promote
poverty reduction, to stabilize the prices.
Target Growth: 6.5% Actual Growth: 5.35%
11. Tenth Five-Year Plan (2002–2007)
Reduction of poverty rate by 5 percentage points by
2007.
Providing gainful and high-quality employment at
least to the addition to the labor force.
Reduction in gender gaps in literacy and wage rates by
at least 50% by 2007.
Target growth:8.1% Growth achieved:7.7%
12. Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2007–2012)
INCOME AND POVERTY
Accelerate growth rate of GDP from 8% to 10% and
then maintain at 10% in the 12th plan in order to double
per capita income by 2016-17.
Increase agricultural GDP growth rate to 4% per year.
Reduce educated unemployment to below 5%.
Raise real wage rate of unskilled workers by 20%
13. EDUCATION
Reduce dropout rates of children from elementary
school from 52.2% in 2003-04 to 20% by 2011-12.
Increase literacy rate for persons of age 7 years or more
to 85%.
Lower gender gap in literacy to 10% points.
Increase the percentage of each cohort going to higher
education from the present 10% to 15% by the end of
the 11th plan.
14. Health
Provide clean drinking water for all by 2009 and
ensure that there are no slip-backs by the end of the
11th plan.
Reduce malnutrition among children of age group 0-3
to half its present level.
Reduce anemia among women and girls by 50% by the
end of the 11th Plan.
15. Women and Children
Ensure that at least 33% of the direct and indirect
beneficiaries of all government schemes are women
and girl children.
Ensure that all children enjoy a safe childhood,
without any compulsion to work.
16. Infrastructure
Ensure electricity connection to all villages and BPL
households by 2009 and round-the-clock power by the
end of the plan.
Connect every village by telephone by November 2007
and provide broadband connectivity to all villages by
2012.
Provide homestead sites to all by 2012 and step up the
pace of house construction for rural poor to cover all
the poor by 2016-17
17. Environment
Increase forest and tree cover by 5% points.
Attain WHO standards of air quality in all major cities
by 2011-12
Treat all urban waste water by 2011-12 to clean river
waters.
Increase energy efficiency by 20% points by 2016-17.
18. Conclusion
Economic planning help in mobilizing and allocating
the resources in desired manner.
Objective of economic planning is to reduce
inequality, economic growth, balanced regional
growth, modernization.
Each five year plan aims to achieving certain target.
Five year plan constitute the steps toward the
fulfillment of objectives of economic planning.
the 12th Plan has taken off, it is yet to be formally
approved with the aim of the growth rate
at 8%.