Soil cement is a construction material made by mixing soil, cement, and water. It has good compressive and shear strength but low tensile strength. Soil cement is used for road construction, pipe bedding, and slope protection. Laboratory tests determine the optimal cement content, compaction, and water requirements for the soil. Soil cement roads are constructed by spreading and mixing the soil cement then compacting it. The hardened soil cement forms a rigid material that distributes loads effectively.
Concrete is the most widely used construction material in India with annual consumption exceeding 100 million cubic meters.
High performance concrete is a concrete in which certain characteristics are developed for a particular application and environment, so that it will give excellent performance in the structure in which it will be placed.
A high-strength concrete is always a high performance concrete, but a high-performance concrete is not always a high-strength concrete.
Lesson: Concrete Technology - Building Materials
The quality of aggregate affect the durability and strength of concrete. Since about 3/4 of the volume of concrete is occupied by aggregate.
Concrete is the most widely used construction material in India with annual consumption exceeding 100 million cubic meters.
High performance concrete is a concrete in which certain characteristics are developed for a particular application and environment, so that it will give excellent performance in the structure in which it will be placed.
A high-strength concrete is always a high performance concrete, but a high-performance concrete is not always a high-strength concrete.
Lesson: Concrete Technology - Building Materials
The quality of aggregate affect the durability and strength of concrete. Since about 3/4 of the volume of concrete is occupied by aggregate.
Scientists have identified this commonly used sealcoat as a major source of dangerous chemicals in streams and lakes, and as a significant health risk to the public, especially young children. These chemicals, which will are discussed in depth in the webinar, are found in the sediments of nearby lakes and streams from pavements coated with this type of product.
Our expert speaker is Dr. Barbara Mahler, a Research Hydrologist with the USGS at the Texas Water Science Center. She is part of the Contaminant Trends in Lake Sediments (CTLS) team, which uses cores of sediments from lakes to reconstruct the contaminant histories of watersheds.
Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen (CRMB) is hydrocarbon binder obtained through physical and chemical interaction of crumb rubber (produced by recycling of used tyres) with bitumen and some specific additives.
Dense Bituminous Macadam (DBM) is a binder course used for roads with more number of heavy commercial vehicles and a close-graded premix material having a voids content of 5-10 per cent.
Reinforced earth is a combination of earth and linear reinforcing strips that are capable of bearing large tensile stresses.
The reinforcement provided by these strips enable the mass to resist the tension in a way which the earth alone could not. The source of this resistance to tension is the internal friction of soil, because the stresses that are created within the mass are transferred from soil to the reinforcement strips by friction.
Scientists have identified this commonly used sealcoat as a major source of dangerous chemicals in streams and lakes, and as a significant health risk to the public, especially young children. These chemicals, which will are discussed in depth in the webinar, are found in the sediments of nearby lakes and streams from pavements coated with this type of product.
Our expert speaker is Dr. Barbara Mahler, a Research Hydrologist with the USGS at the Texas Water Science Center. She is part of the Contaminant Trends in Lake Sediments (CTLS) team, which uses cores of sediments from lakes to reconstruct the contaminant histories of watersheds.
Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen (CRMB) is hydrocarbon binder obtained through physical and chemical interaction of crumb rubber (produced by recycling of used tyres) with bitumen and some specific additives.
Dense Bituminous Macadam (DBM) is a binder course used for roads with more number of heavy commercial vehicles and a close-graded premix material having a voids content of 5-10 per cent.
Reinforced earth is a combination of earth and linear reinforcing strips that are capable of bearing large tensile stresses.
The reinforcement provided by these strips enable the mass to resist the tension in a way which the earth alone could not. The source of this resistance to tension is the internal friction of soil, because the stresses that are created within the mass are transferred from soil to the reinforcement strips by friction.
In this era of concrete, let's understand the impact on the environment and revive the old technique, construction and make the environment pollution-free.
Cement Concrete Building Construction & Management(bcm)-IV semSakshi Srivastava
A short on Cement Concrete covering topics like properties of cement, composition of cement, proportioning of concrete, workability, types of cement,procedure of application,cure of concrete.
Concrete -
The most used construction material.
In here a brief about its -
Ingredients
Grades
Production &
Properties
are discussed with appropriate pictorial presentation making it quite simpler for understanding.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
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Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• What is Soil Cement?
• Why Use Soil-Cement?
• How is Soil-Cement Built?
• Objective of the Work
• Types
• Soil Cement Road
• Performance of Soil Cement
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
3. INTRODUCTION
• Soil cement is frequently used as a construction material for
pipe bedding, slope protection, and road construction as a sub
base layer reinforcing and protecting the sub grade.
• It has good compressive and shear strength, but is brittle and
has low tensile strength, so it is prone to forming cracks.
4. WHAT IS SOIL CEMENT?
• Soil cement is a construction material, a mix of pulverized
natural soil with small amount of Portland cement and water,
usually processed in a tumble, compacted to high density.
• Hard, semi-rigid durable material is formed by hydration of
the cement particles.
5. WHY USE SOIL-CEMENT?
• Failing granular-base pavements, with or without their old
bituminous mats, can be salvaged, strengthened, and reclaimed
as soil-cement pavements.
• This is an efficient, economical way of rebuilding pavements.
Since approximately 90 percent of the material used is already
in place, handling and hauling costs are cut to a minimum.
6. HOW IS SOIL-CEMENT BUILT?
• Before construction begins, simple laboratory tests establish
the cement content, compaction, and water requirements of the
soil material to be used.
• During construction, tests are made to see that the
requirements are being met. Testing ensures that the mixture
will have strength and long-term durability. No guesswork is
involved.
• Soil-cement can be mixed in place or in a central mixing plant.
Central mixing plants can be used where borrow material is
involved.
8. TYPES OF SOIL USED
• The soil material in soil cement can be almost any
combination of sand,silt,clay,gravel or crushed stone.
• Old granular base roads,with or without bituminous
surfaces,can also be reclaimed to make great soil cement.
• It is not suitable for all types of soil such as organic soil,acid
soil,sulfate soil and uniform soils.
9. OBJECTIVE OF THE WORK
• To study about soil cement roads.
• To study about construction steps.
• Discuss about various properties of soil cement roads.
• Discuss about advantages and disadvantages of soil
cement roads.
10. TYPES OF SOIL CEMENT
• Cement-modified soils (CMS)
• Soil-cement base (SCB)
• Cement-treated base (CTB)
• Acrylic copolymer (Rhino Snot).
11. SOIL CEMENT ROAD
• Soil-cement is a highly compacted mixture of soil/aggregate,
Portland cement, and water.
17. PERFORMANCE OF SOIL CEMENT
• Soil-cement thicknesses are less than those required for
granular bases carrying the same traffic over the same sub
grade. This is because soil-cement is a cemented, rigid
material that distributes loads over broad areas.
• Its slab-like characteristics and beam strength are unmatched
by granular bases.
• Hard, rigid soil-cement resists cyclic cold, rain, and spring-
thaw damage.
22. DISADVANTAGES
1. Can not operate if moisture of soil above 10%.
2. Cracks may form in soil cement.
3. It requires extra labour.
4. It’s not suitable for some type of soils.
5. The quantity of water must be sufficient for hydration
of cement and making the mixture workable.
23. CONCLUSION
• As a civil engineer our aim is economy with out
losing strength. Hence soil cement is best choice for
low traffic pavements. Soil cement bricks are
ecofrinendly with nature.
