We hope this slide will help all the aspiring communication engineering students as well as electronics students. Its our great pleasure to share it in slideshare
The microAeth® MA200 is a compact, real-time, wearable 5-wavelength UV-IR Black Carbon monitor with a 15 sampling
location automatic filter tape advance system which allows for up to 2-3 weeks of continuous measurements.
The microAeth® MA300 is a small, real-time 5-wavelength UV-IR Black Carbon monitor with an 85 sampling location automatic filter tape advance system which allows for 3-12 months of continuous measurements.
The device is a self-contained instrument with built-in pump, flow control, data storage, and 4X the battery capacity of the MA200. The MA300 also features onboard GPS, satellite time synchronization, accelerometer, altimeter/barometer, and sensors for relative humidity and temperature. Wireless communications are provided for network and/or smartphone app integration and connection to other wireless health and environmental sensors.
The MA300 is designed for extended multi-month measurement campaigns in both stationary and mobile applications The 85 location filter tape cartridge allows for extended continuous sampling of higher concentrations for up to a year depending on the sampling environment conditions and instrument settings.
The spectrum measurement provides insight into the composition of light absorbing carbonaceous particles and helps to distinguish among the different optical signatures of various combustion sources such as diesel, woodsmoke, biomass, and tobacco.
The instrument supports the DualSpot® loading compensation method which corrects for optical loading effects and provides additional information about aerosol optical properties.
Applications
Continuous real-time monitoring
Mobile monitoring
Multi-month monitoring
Personal monitoring
Ambient air monitoring
Indoor air quality
Source apportionment
Woodsmoke
Tobacco
Biomass
Stationary monitoring
Engine testing
Vehicle on-road mobile monitoring
Network monitoring
UAVs & vertical profiling
High concentration / Cookstove monitoring
Electrochemical sensor 01 mm 717 iit b 2016Muzzamil Eatoo
Electro-chemical sensors principle, working, problems, sensing properties, selection of electrode for these sensors, electrode synthesis and properties, and best electrodes.
The microAeth® MA200 is a compact, real-time, wearable 5-wavelength UV-IR Black Carbon monitor with a 15 sampling
location automatic filter tape advance system which allows for up to 2-3 weeks of continuous measurements.
The microAeth® MA300 is a small, real-time 5-wavelength UV-IR Black Carbon monitor with an 85 sampling location automatic filter tape advance system which allows for 3-12 months of continuous measurements.
The device is a self-contained instrument with built-in pump, flow control, data storage, and 4X the battery capacity of the MA200. The MA300 also features onboard GPS, satellite time synchronization, accelerometer, altimeter/barometer, and sensors for relative humidity and temperature. Wireless communications are provided for network and/or smartphone app integration and connection to other wireless health and environmental sensors.
The MA300 is designed for extended multi-month measurement campaigns in both stationary and mobile applications The 85 location filter tape cartridge allows for extended continuous sampling of higher concentrations for up to a year depending on the sampling environment conditions and instrument settings.
The spectrum measurement provides insight into the composition of light absorbing carbonaceous particles and helps to distinguish among the different optical signatures of various combustion sources such as diesel, woodsmoke, biomass, and tobacco.
The instrument supports the DualSpot® loading compensation method which corrects for optical loading effects and provides additional information about aerosol optical properties.
Applications
Continuous real-time monitoring
Mobile monitoring
Multi-month monitoring
Personal monitoring
Ambient air monitoring
Indoor air quality
Source apportionment
Woodsmoke
Tobacco
Biomass
Stationary monitoring
Engine testing
Vehicle on-road mobile monitoring
Network monitoring
UAVs & vertical profiling
High concentration / Cookstove monitoring
Electrochemical sensor 01 mm 717 iit b 2016Muzzamil Eatoo
Electro-chemical sensors principle, working, problems, sensing properties, selection of electrode for these sensors, electrode synthesis and properties, and best electrodes.
Quality Measurements Using NIR/MIR Spectroscopy: A Rotten Apple Could Turn Yo...TechRentals
Light interacts with a product's organic molecules causing variations in light absorption. The transmitted or reflected light can be measured with a spectrometer and the resultant spectral signature used to qualify or quantify properties of the product. The discussion will include - how light interacts with molecules, characteristics of the different electromagnetic spectral bands, in-line hardware required to collect light, and fundamentals of chemometrics.
Presenter -- Gary Brown
Gary Brown is one of the principle engineers with Australian Innovative Engineering and has spent the last 12+ years developing in-line instrumentation using NIR spectroscopy to measure properties of fresh fruit. He is now concentrating his efforts in applying the technology for in-line product authentication for the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Coating Thickness Test with Portable XRFOlympus IMS
1. Coatings - overview
2. Short Introduction to XRF
3. Range of Applications for the Vanta Coating App
4. 3 Steps to Create a Coating Template
5. Some Examples
6. Summary
By studying the iridescent scales of the Morpho butterfly could inspire a new, affordable technology that absorbs the IR photons and gives an optical readout.
Integrated Optofluidic device to study Interaction of particle or solution wi...prathul Nath
Microfluidics and integrated optics combined to study the interaction of particles or solution with light flowing through a microfluidic channel. Involves dye excitation through evanescent wave coupling.
Presented by Yonas Asmare, ILRI, at the Workshop on Identifying Investment Opportunities for Livestock Feed Resources Development in the Eastern Africa Sub-Region, ILRI Addis, 13–15 December 2017
GRAPHENE SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION POSTERAman Gupta
For free download Subscribe to https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTfiZ8qwZ_8_vTjxeCB037w and Follow https://www.instagram.com/fitrit_2405/ then please contact +91-9045839849 over WhatsApp.
Graphene eplained by poster presentation
Graphene, a 2D carbon material, has existed in the imagination of Scientists for years and been studied since 1947, but it was not until 2004 that it was first produced from graphite.
The fuller presentation was given in Washington October 2015 (with several image replacements). This extract covers the latest technology developments, applications, commercialization progress, end user requirements and challenges for Graphene. It is free so as to attract and help other collaborators.
Thickness Control During the Galvanizing ProcessOlympus IMS
This presentation from AISTech 2018 outlines the following:
- XRF Theory
- Coating Specification Review
- Handheld X-ray Fluorescence (HHXRF) Coating Analysis
- Integration/Management of Process Data
For more information, visit: https://www.olympus-ims.com/en/innovx-xrf-xrd/
INTRODUCTION: Fibre optical sensors offer number of distinct advantages which makes them unique for many applications where conventional sensors are difficult or impossible to deploy or can not provide the same wealth of information. They are completely passive, hence can be used in explosive environment. Immunity to electromagnetic interference makes it ideal for microwave environment. They are resistant to high temperatures and chemically reactive environment, ideal for harsh and hostile environment. Small size makes it ideal for embedding and surface mounting. Has high degree of biocompatibility, non-intrusive nature and electromagnetic immunity, ideal for medical applications like intra-aortic balloon pumping. They can monitor a wide range of physical and chemical parameters. It has potential for very high sensitivity, range and resolution. Complete electrical insulation from high electrostatic potential and Remote operation over several km lengths without any lead sensitivity makes it ideal for deployment in boreholes or measurements in hazardous environment. Unique multiplexed and distributed sensors provide measurements at large number of points along single optical cable, ideal for minimising cable deployment and cable weight, monitoring extended structures like pipelines, dams.
Various types of sensors are Point sensors, Integrated Sensors, Quasidistributed multiplexed sensors, Distributed sensors. Examples of such sensors are Fabry-Perot sensors, Single Fibre Bragg Grating sensors, Integrated strain sensor, Intruder Pressure sensor, Strain/Force sensor, Position sensor, Temperature sensor, Deformation sensor etc.
Quality Measurements Using NIR/MIR Spectroscopy: A Rotten Apple Could Turn Yo...TechRentals
Light interacts with a product's organic molecules causing variations in light absorption. The transmitted or reflected light can be measured with a spectrometer and the resultant spectral signature used to qualify or quantify properties of the product. The discussion will include - how light interacts with molecules, characteristics of the different electromagnetic spectral bands, in-line hardware required to collect light, and fundamentals of chemometrics.
Presenter -- Gary Brown
Gary Brown is one of the principle engineers with Australian Innovative Engineering and has spent the last 12+ years developing in-line instrumentation using NIR spectroscopy to measure properties of fresh fruit. He is now concentrating his efforts in applying the technology for in-line product authentication for the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Coating Thickness Test with Portable XRFOlympus IMS
1. Coatings - overview
2. Short Introduction to XRF
3. Range of Applications for the Vanta Coating App
4. 3 Steps to Create a Coating Template
5. Some Examples
6. Summary
By studying the iridescent scales of the Morpho butterfly could inspire a new, affordable technology that absorbs the IR photons and gives an optical readout.
Integrated Optofluidic device to study Interaction of particle or solution wi...prathul Nath
Microfluidics and integrated optics combined to study the interaction of particles or solution with light flowing through a microfluidic channel. Involves dye excitation through evanescent wave coupling.
Presented by Yonas Asmare, ILRI, at the Workshop on Identifying Investment Opportunities for Livestock Feed Resources Development in the Eastern Africa Sub-Region, ILRI Addis, 13–15 December 2017
GRAPHENE SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION POSTERAman Gupta
For free download Subscribe to https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTfiZ8qwZ_8_vTjxeCB037w and Follow https://www.instagram.com/fitrit_2405/ then please contact +91-9045839849 over WhatsApp.
Graphene eplained by poster presentation
Graphene, a 2D carbon material, has existed in the imagination of Scientists for years and been studied since 1947, but it was not until 2004 that it was first produced from graphite.
The fuller presentation was given in Washington October 2015 (with several image replacements). This extract covers the latest technology developments, applications, commercialization progress, end user requirements and challenges for Graphene. It is free so as to attract and help other collaborators.
Thickness Control During the Galvanizing ProcessOlympus IMS
This presentation from AISTech 2018 outlines the following:
- XRF Theory
- Coating Specification Review
- Handheld X-ray Fluorescence (HHXRF) Coating Analysis
- Integration/Management of Process Data
For more information, visit: https://www.olympus-ims.com/en/innovx-xrf-xrd/
INTRODUCTION: Fibre optical sensors offer number of distinct advantages which makes them unique for many applications where conventional sensors are difficult or impossible to deploy or can not provide the same wealth of information. They are completely passive, hence can be used in explosive environment. Immunity to electromagnetic interference makes it ideal for microwave environment. They are resistant to high temperatures and chemically reactive environment, ideal for harsh and hostile environment. Small size makes it ideal for embedding and surface mounting. Has high degree of biocompatibility, non-intrusive nature and electromagnetic immunity, ideal for medical applications like intra-aortic balloon pumping. They can monitor a wide range of physical and chemical parameters. It has potential for very high sensitivity, range and resolution. Complete electrical insulation from high electrostatic potential and Remote operation over several km lengths without any lead sensitivity makes it ideal for deployment in boreholes or measurements in hazardous environment. Unique multiplexed and distributed sensors provide measurements at large number of points along single optical cable, ideal for minimising cable deployment and cable weight, monitoring extended structures like pipelines, dams.
Various types of sensors are Point sensors, Integrated Sensors, Quasidistributed multiplexed sensors, Distributed sensors. Examples of such sensors are Fabry-Perot sensors, Single Fibre Bragg Grating sensors, Integrated strain sensor, Intruder Pressure sensor, Strain/Force sensor, Position sensor, Temperature sensor, Deformation sensor etc.
Latest ECE Projects Ideas In Various Electronics Technologieselprocus
These Latest ECE Projects Ideas In Various Electronics Technologies are helpful to Engineering Students.These projects ideas are suggested by our proffisionals.
https://www.elprocus.com
Visit our page to get more ideas on Latest ECE Projects Ideas In Various Electronics Technologies for Engineering Students.
Elprocus provides free verified electronic projects kits around the world with abstracts, circuit diagrams, and free electronic software. We provide guidance manual for Do It Yourself Kits (DIY) with the modules at best price along with free shipping.
EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF ZIGBEE AS THE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY OF A WIRELE...ijassn
Wireless Sensor Networks are considered an important part of the modern ICT solutions for greenhouse monitoring. Several communication technologies are already available and have been used both in pilot and commercial installations. Their attractiveness is based on their deployment flexibility and low cost. However, some special features of the greenhouses and their cultivations (variable microclimate conditions, greenhouse construction materials, size and composition of plants, spatiotemporally variable foliage) raise questions about the proper topology and network density in such an environment. In this paper, the findings of our experimentation regarding the use of ZigBee as the communication technology for a WSN deployed in a greenhouse complex with hydroponic cultivation of tomato crops are presented. Different topologies were investigated and the impact of the plants' foliage in the network nodes connectivity is assessed.
EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF ZIGBEE AS THE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY OF A WIRELE...ijassn
Wireless Sensor Networks are considered an important part of the modern ICT solutions for greenhouse monitoring. Several communication technologies are already available and have been used both in pilot and commercial installations. Their attractiveness is based on their deployment flexibility and low cost.However, some special features of the greenhouses and their cultivations (variable microclimate
conditions, greenhouse construction materials, size and composition of plants, spatio temporally variable
foliage) raise questions about the proper topology and network density in such an environment. In this
paper, the findings of our experimentation regarding the use of ZigBee as the communication technology
for a WSN deployed in a greenhouse complex with hydroponic cultivation of tomato crops are presented.Different topologies were investigated and the impact of the plants' foliage in the network nodes connectivity is assessed.
EFFECT OF DEPOSITION AND ANNEALING TEMPERATURES ON OPTICAL BAND GAP OF SNO2 T...IAEME Publication
Thin films of SnO 2 were deposited by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method on glass substrates at different temperatures ranging from 6 0 –120 0 C. Optical absorption measurements were studied by UV-VIS spectra in the wavelength ranges 300-1100 nm. The optical band gaps, absorption and extinction coefficients were determined from optical absorption data and interpreted with respect to deposition temperatures and annealing. The estimated optical band gap values were obtained between 3.72 and 4.03 eV as the substrate temperature increased. The increase in optical band gap is probably due to the change in the concentration of oxygen vacancies or defects. An increase in optical band gap values were also found after annealing the samples at 400 0 C. Optical band gap which increased with annealing confirms th e improvement in the quality of film transparency.
Sensing properties of mno2 doped polyanilineeSAT Journals
Abstract MnO2-Doped Polyaniline/Poly (Vinyl alcohol) thin films were prepared chemical oxidative polymerization, using microwave oven technique on glass substrate. These thin films prepared by using Analytical Reagent grade solutions of Polyaniline, Poly (Vinyl alcohol), MnO2, primary dopant hydrochloric acid are mixed in stoichiometric proportion. The solutions were kept in microwave for 10 sec then oxides with ammonium peroxydisulphate oxidant, then after kept in water bath to obtain the uniform thin films. Films were dries it in air medium for an hour. The electrical and gas sensing properties of these films were investigated. MnO2, Doped Polyaniline/Poly(Vinyl alcohol) thin films showed better ammonia and trimethyl ammine vapour response as compared to undoped Polyaniline / Poly (Vinyl alcohol) thin films. The gas response was observed to be increased with their stoichiometric composition of films. Keywords: - Trimethyl ammine, ammonia, Polyaniline, Poly (Vinyl alcohol) and dopant.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Storing and manufacturing food materials like grain can be extremely challenging. Even the slightest bit of extra humidity can create mould growth, causing the grain to deteriorate. This leads to economic losses for manufacturers in the commercial food industry.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Optimization of light source wavelength for ammonia detection in waterTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Optimization of light source wavelength for ammonia detection in surface water is presented in this work. For the ammonia detection, the surface water sample is mixed with sodium chloride and nessler reagent, whereas the sensor head consists of unclad plastic optical fiber. The unclad region has a length of 1 cm and the cladding is removed by immersing it in acetone solution. Experimental results indicate that the output light intensity of the sensor has linear relationship with the ammonia concentration. At the wavelength of 510 nm, the output light increases linearly as the ammonia concentration varies from 0.07 mg/L to 8.97 mg/L. At the same wavelength, the proposed sensor achieves the sensitivity of 0.0139 (mg/L)-1, accuracy of 99.59% and resolution of 0.72 µg/L. The analysis of light source wavelength reveals that a wavelength range from 450 nm to 580 nm produces the optimized performances. Within this wavelength range, the proposed sensor achieves sensitivity of higher than 0.01 (mg/L)-1, accuracy of higher than 99% and resolution of less than 1 µg/L.
A STUDY OF OPTICAL ABSORPTION OF POLYANLINE THIN FILMS PREPARED BY CHEMICAL B...IAEME Publication
The properties of Polyaniline (PANI) are very sensitive to the conditions of synthesis and preparation techniques. Therefore, the study of the properties of PANI with respect to different methods of preparation as well as ambient conditions is of high importance. In this work, an attempt has been made to synthesise polyaniline emeraldine base polymer by using oxidative chemical polymerization method and preparation of thin films of Polyaniline on glass substrates from Dimethyl Sulfoxide Solution (DMSO) by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The glass substrates were immersed in PANI/DMSO solution placed in a chemical bath at a temperature of 50 °C under constant stirring for different durations. The optical absorption measurements were carried out in order to estimate the energy band gap of the PANI thin films prepared under different conditions.
Similar to relative humidity detection using fiber optics technologies (20)
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
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Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
relative humidity detection using fiber optics technologies
1. RELATIVE HUMIDITY DETECTION USING
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGIES …..
1
2/9/2015
BY:
ABHAS DASH
ABINASH MISHRA
AKANDALMANI
DEBASHIS
(ITER )
SOA UNIVERSITY
BHUBANESWAR
2. Motivation
Introduction to Relative Humidity
Field of research
Sensor design using
Fiber Bragg Grating
Humidity Sensor Using
Fiber bend technique
Comparative chemical study
Comsol Multiphysics
Optics implementation using Comsol
Simulation Results
Future Scope
References 2
Table of Contents:
2/9/2015
3. OBJECTIVE / MOTIVATION
Fiber is already used in
90% of long distance telephony (Communication).
Most of the LAN(computer networks) connections.
WHY OPTICAL FIBER ??
Economic
Speed
- We transmit signals at Gigabits per second speed.
Very much effective for long distance communications.
Freedom from interference
Security
3
2/9/2015
4. What is Relative Humidity ??
- It is nothing but the amount of water vapor present in air
expressed as percentage.
• MATHEMATICALLY :
Relative Humidity = Pw / P*w
A HYGROMETER is a device used
for measuring the humidity of air.
4
2/9/2015
5. Our field of research is :
Relative Humidity Sensor using Optical Fiber technologies.
5
Application :
Forecasting Applications of Relative Humidity
Used as human breath rate monitor in medical fields
Structure health monitoring test mostly by
using concrete blocks
Humidity control in textile application
2/9/2015
6. FIBER BRAGG GRATING (FBG)…
6
2/9/2015
• Why FBG ???
Several methods to measure RH including resistive,
capacitive and hygrometric ones.
Drawbacks :
high cost
need for maintenance
inability to use in hazardous and explosive nature
environments ( as electromagnetic inference immunity is
required).
• Optical Fiber Sensors overcomes these disadvantages.
• Also has possibility of multiplexing a large number of
different sensors (temperature, displacement, pressure, pH
value, humidity, high magnetic field and acceleration).
7. 2/9/2015
7
• Transducer layer used for RH : organo-silica based material.
• strong adhesion to the optical fiber that swells in the presence of
distinct RH levels.
• Di-Ureasil Layer and Sensor Setup…
• Di-Ureasil is formed by poly ether chains with average molecular
weight of 600mol inv. Covalently linked to a siliceous inorganic
skeleton by urea bridges .
• It is also can be written as d-U(600).
• d-U(600) layers were deposited on FBG using a homemade dip-
coating system at room temperature by immersing the FBG
vertically in d-U(600) solution at a velocity of 1.4mm per sec.
• Then kept in oven and kept at 50 degrees. For 40hrs.
As a result the coating reveals a strong adhesion to the
optical fiber and mechanical stability.
• Then the sensors are identified as
9. • The sensors response is temperature dependant due to
thermal expansion of fiber and coating .
• So it is compulsory the compensation
Were encapsulated and being inserted into a stainless steel
tube 15cm long with internal diameter of 2mm.
• The tube has been punctured in the area of the coated
optical fiber to allow the sensitive materials to be exposed
to the ambient humidity
2/9/2015
9
10. FIBER BEND BASED
HUMIDITY SENSOR
10
A highly sensitive all fiber humidity sensor is demonstrated
Working Principle – Use of hygroscopic material to
modulate light
Bend radius of 10mm-15mm is taken
Advantages -reduces risk of fibre breakage
-high sensitivity with greater
radius
Hygroscopic material – polyethylene Oxide(PEO)
Advantages - high range of RI variation wrt
humidity
- high adhesiveness
Benefit of using this method – simple structure and low
cost
Sensitivity and time response was studied using an
experiment as shown…
2/9/2015
14. Sensor has very fast response as shown above,
around 785msec(from 70%-90%) 14
2/9/2015
15. CHITOSAN & AGAROSE
Chitosan derived from Chitin.
Source of Chitin
Deacetylation of Chitin gives Chitosan and soluble in
dilute acidic solutions below pH 6.0
Thin films fabricated from solutions of chitosan and
acetic acid have refractive indices approximately 1.45
and there is nearly no absorption (300 to 2700) nm.
Agarose,a polysaccharide obtained from the cell walls of
some species of red algae or seaweed.
Agarose, made up of subunits of the sugar galactose.
Chemical Comparison
2/9/2015
15
16. PRINCIPLE :
The materials used as the functional cladding layer in the sensing
region are Chitosan and Agarose, which swells in the presence of
water without dissolving at room temperature. The variation in the
refractive index (n) of these swelling polymers with respect to
humidity (H) is obtained from Lorenz-Lorenz relation as
2/9/2015
16
18. COMSOL
MULTIPHYSICS SIMULATIONS
18
Engineering simulation software that enables you to
create accurate models .
Why COMSOL?
Conception and Understanding
Enables innovation
Design and Optimization
Achieve the highest possible performance
Testing and Verification
Virtual testing much faster
2/9/2015
19. OPTICS IMPLEMENTATION
USING COMSOL
19
OBJECTIVE
To create a 2-D model to demonstrate the phenomenon of
Refraction and total internal reflection and simulate it.
MATERIALS USED
Air and Glass
The model was designed using electromagnetic waves in
Frequency domain
Boundary conditions were applied on the model as
shown in the next slide..
2/9/2015
20. glass
air
2-D model of
Air and glass
Applying Boundary
conditions
Way for
EM waves
To enter
boundary
20
2/9/2015
21. SIMULATION RESULTS
21
Phenomena of
total internal
Simulated results after exporting the model
Shows variation in wave behavior at different
heights(angles)
2/9/2015
23. FUTURE SCOPE
23
After a comparative study between
different techniques used in humidity
sensing, we are to use the best
parameters to design a highly efficient
sensor.
Determine the right hygroscopic
material to be used
From the simulated model ,we can
implement it to demonstrate the effect of
light travelling through the core
2/9/2015
24. REFERENCES
1. Sandra F. H. Correia,Paulo Antunes,Edison
Pecoraro,Patricia P. Lima,Humberto Varum,Luis D.
Carlos,Rute A. S. Ferreira and Paulo S. Andree,” Optical
Fiber Relative Humidity Sensor Based on a FBG with a Di-
Ureasil Coating”,June 2012,www.mdpi.com
2. Jinesh Mathew,Yuliya Semenova,Ginu Rajan, Pengfei
Wang, Gerald Farrell ,” Improving the sensitivity of a
humidity sensor based on fiber bend coated with a
hygroscopic coating ”, April 2011 www.elsevier.com
3. Jinesh Mathew, K. J. Thomas, V. P. N. Nampoori and P.
Radhakrishnan,” A Comparative Study of Fiber Optic
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