1. Comparing examines how things are alike and different based on common characteristics, while classifying considers how items are similar and groups them based on similarities. 2. Creating metaphors uses figures of speech to suggest a likeness between two unlike objects or ideas, such as "love is a rose." Creating analogies finds relationships between pairs of elements to explain unfamiliar concepts. 3. Both comparing and creating analogies involve identifying similarities and differences, while classifying and creating metaphors involve grouping items based on common traits.