The document discusses India's major problem with malnutrition and proposes solutions. It notes that India is home to many hungry and malnourished people, especially children, and malnutrition contributes to over a third of child deaths in India. It recommends a three-pronged approach - agricultural reforms to promote nutritious crops, providing nutrition supplements to those in need, and creating public awareness about proper nutrition. Specific proposals include distributing supplements through anganwadis, schools, nutrition programs, and engaging NGOs and corporations via CSR initiatives. Extensive awareness campaigns targeting mothers, hospitals, and using various media are also suggested.

1. ERADICATING MALNUTRITION
• India is home to 23 crore hungry people and 33%
of the world’s malnourished children live in India.
• About 50% of childhood deaths are attributed to
malnutrition.
• In India, 48% of children under the age of 5 are
stunted and 43% are underweight.
• Malnutrition is costing the Indian economy 2.95%
of its GDP annually.
• 75% of adolescent mothers in India put on only 5
kgs during pregnancy compared to the word
wide average of 10 kgs due to malnourishment.

2. How adverse the problem is..
• Close to 1.3 million children die every year in India because of malnutrition, according to the World Health
Organization (WHO). Ninety nine per cent of all under-five deaths occur in developing countries, with the
most common causes of death being pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria. These are illnesses to which
children are particularly vulnerable, especially when they are malnourished, a condition that weakens
their immune systems. Malnutrition contributes to more than a third of all child deaths.
• Malnutrition limits development and the capacity to learn. It also costs lives: about 50 per cent of all
childhood deaths are attributed to malnutrition.
• In India, around 46 per cent of all children below the age of three are too small for their age, 47 per cent
are underweight and at least 16 per cent are wasted. Many of these children are severely malnourished.
• The prevalence of malnutrition varies across states, with Madhya Pradesh recording the highest rate (55
per cent) and Kerala among the lowest (27 per cent)

3. Nutrition Deficiency Effects
Sr. No. Type of nutrient Diseases caused due to deficiency
1 Carbohydrate Poor brain functioning, loss of muscle mass and ketosis
2 Vitamin A Night blindness, growth impairment, immune impairment, keratomalacia, hyperkeratosis.
3 Thiamine B1 Beriberi disease involves nervous system
4 Riboflavin (vit-B2) Photophobia, bloodshot eyes, scrotal dermatitis
5 Folic acid Birth defects and neural tube defects in fetus
6 Vitamin C Subclinical scurvy
7 Vitamin D Rickets (rachitis) in children and osteomalacia in adults
8 Calcium Osteoporosis
9 Fluoride Dental caries and osteoporosis
10 Iodine Hypothyroidism, goiter
11 Iron Anemia
12 Magnesium Osteoporosis
13 Potassium Hypokalemia
14 Zinc Hypozincemia
15 Fat Dermatitis, diarrhea, depression, liver degeneration
16 Protein Kwashiorkor, marasmus

4. Required Nutrition
Weight Body mass index Should gain:
Underweight < 19.8 28 to 40 pounds
Normal weight 19.8 to 26.0 25 to 35 pounds
Nutrient
Additional daily requirements for
pregnant women
pregnant women sources
Calories
300 (in the second and third
trimesters)
Protein 60 mg
Lean meats, Fish, Beans, Nuts, Poultry,
Eggs, Soy products, Peanut butter
Calcium 1200 mg
Milk, Yogurt, Ice cream, Cheese, Cottage,
cheese, Pudding
Folate (folic acid) 15 mg
Liver, Dark green leafy, vegetables, Nuts,
Citrus fruits, Dried beans and lentils,
Enriched breads or cereals, Eggs
Iron 30 mg
Lean red meats and poultry, Dried beans
and lentils, Enriched breads or cereals,
Nuts and peanut butter, Eggs, Dark green
leafy vegetables, Dried fruits

5. How to Implement…
• Three Pronged approach
– Growing right nutrition (Agricultural reforms)
– Providing nutrition to the needy
– Creating awareness among the people to consume
the right nutrition

6. Agricultural Reforms
• Fertilizer and seed to be provided at minimal
cost so as to promote nutritionist crop
• High minimum support price
• Promoting making of food supplements
• Promoting organic farming by spreading
awareness and advertisements

7. How to Reach??
• Corporate CSR
– They have to promote activities like E-chaupal
– Incentives : CSR contribution will be consider as 1.1 times of actual
• Government Hospitals
– Point of Distribution as in they can provide nutrient supplements to
the pregnant women and new born
– Also they can provide that supplements on regular basis to the
patients
• Health schemes
– Through health schemes like Polio and vaccination programs we can provide
these food products to the people

8. How to reach??....
• Mid-day Meal
– India’s Biggest program for food supplement can be one of
pioneer for quality and balance diet food
– Ladder for distributing nutrient supplement through school
• NGOs
– Already they are working in this area we can take help of
them for widening our area of distribution
• MGNREGA
– It can become dual beneficiary with both point as
employability and using part of that work force in
distributing this product and awareness of this scheme

9. Awareness…
• Awareness among rural mothers:
– Through ‘Asha’ program initiated by Central Government of India
– Through pre-maternity and newborn care program for pregnant women
– Counselling for mothers and caretakers
– Literacy in women will play an important role
• Awareness after and before birth: Primary information regarding nutrition can be
given in government and private hospital
– Using attractive hoarding and pictures s that illiterate person also can understand them
• Maintenance of proper diet in pregnancy
• Weighment of child within 6 hours of birth and also at monthly intervals
• Timely initiation of breast-feeding and continuation at least up to first 6 months
• Introduction of complementary food after 6 months and maintaining hygiene for the same
• Providing information and insist them for necessary vaccination for children like measles, polio etc.
• Taking help of corporate as CSR activities
– By campaigning about Malnutrition
– Arranging doctors to measure weight, height of every child
– Keeping competitions like ‘healthy mother and child’ in villages

10. Awareness..
• Awareness through Anganwadi teachers, Primary Schools
– Tell children about hygiene and sanitation to avoid diseases like
malaria, diarrhea
– Hand washing through soap
– Consumption of filtered water Use of Social Media
– Advertisement on Television
– Through famous personalities as brand ambassador
• Some other low cost means
– Play Jingles at bus stand, metro and railway stations
– Videos can be showed in welfare programs
– Through Dramas , small shows arranged in villages