This document summarizes information about brackishwater aquaculture in India. It discusses how brackishwater aquaculture contributes to India's GDP and agricultural GDP. Farmed shrimp production reached 7 lakh tonnes in 2019, with 87% exported earning Rs. 3500 crores. India has vast coastal and inland resources suitable for brackishwater aquaculture. Common species cultured are Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei. The document outlines considerations for site selection, pond design and construction, stocking, feeding, and harvesting practices. It also discusses disease prevention and management techniques.

1. PRESENTED BY-
AKSHAY MANDAL
2nd Semester ,M.Sc Marine Biotechnology
ANDHRA UNIVERSITY
Registration no - 722211224002

2. INTRODUCTION
 Fisheries and aquacultural sector contribute around 1% to
Indias GDP and over 5% to the agricultural GDP.
 Brackishwater aquaculture , the farming of shellfish and
finfishes along the coastal line of the country and in inland
saline areas is a vibrant farming sector under the
aquaculture umbrella and this brackishwater aquaqculture
sector is dominated by the shrimp farming ,is the economic
engine of indian aquaculture.
 Farmed shrimp production touched 7 lakh tonnes in 2019
of which 87% is exported to USA,JAPAN, and south east
ASIA ,earning a robust foreign exchange to the tune of
Rs. 3500o/- crores (MPEDA,2019)

3. INTRODUCTION
 India has vast natural resources suitable for the
development of Brackishwater aqaculture .
 A long coastline of 8118 km along with 2.02 million sq km
of EEZ ,3.5 million ha of estuaries and 3.9 million ha of
backwater s, our potential for the development is immense
 It is estimated that an area of 1.2 million ha are suitable for
the development of brackishwater aquaculture .
 A major share of this potential area lies in the states of
Westbengal (34%) and Gujarat(32%) where t6hey greatly
remains under utilized .
 Andhra Pradesh has been leading the country with its
enterprising farmers both in utilization (50%) of the
potential land and in quality production (around 51000
tonns

4. CULTURE SPECIES AND THEIR SUITABILITY
Penaeus monodon
 It is one of the fastest growing species among the
various shrimps tested for culture .
 In pond condition, shrimp fry of about 1gm in weight
grow to a size of 75-100 gm in five months at a stocking
dencity of 5000 per hectare .
 It can tolerate a wide range of salinity ( 25 to 35 ppt)
 It can tolerate a wide range of temperature upto at
least 37.5 degree centigrade.
 It is hardy and not readily stressed by handling.

5. CULTURE SPECIES AND THEIR SUITABILITY
Litopenaeus vannamei
 Litopenaeus vannamei has the potential to grow as fast as
Penaeus monodon upto 3gm per week.
 They are able to culture at very high stocking density of
upto 150 per mitre square area in intensive culture method.
 Tolerate a wide range of salinity , from 2 to 35 ppt but grow
well at 15 to 20 ppt.
 Vannamei require lower protein feed (20-35%) than
monodon resulting in a reduction in operation cost.
 Specific pathogen free(SPF) brood stocks are available for
this species to produce disease free shrimp.

6. Site selection for shrimp culture
 Good quality and adequate amount of brackishwater should be
available throughout the culture period. The water source should be
free from any industrial or agriculturul pollution.
 Soil characteristics and suitability suitability such as type,fartility,
compoisition , water retention capacity. Sandy soil to be avoided
because of high water percolation. Generally clayey loam soils are
preferred. The soil contains 6.5 to 7.5 ph and at least 2% organic matter.
 Optimum water parameters:-
Salinity- 10 to 25 ppt
Temperature – 28 to 33°C
pH- 7.5 to 8.5
DO – 5 to 6 ppm
Alkalinity – above 80 ppm
Ammonia should be less than 0.1 ppm

7. Site selection for shrimp culture
 The infrastructure facilities like roads , electricity,
proximity to hatcheries , ice plants, processing plants,
market should be considered while choosing the site
for a shrimp farm since these play very important role
in the economics of culture operations.
 Mangroves, agricultural lands ,saltpan lands,
ecologically sensitive areas like sanctuaries, marine
parks etc should not be converted for shrimp farming.

8. Pond design and construction
There is no standard design for a shrimp rearing pond
Present day farming practices still heaving rely on the
experience of individual farmers, financial capacity and
the environmental condition previaling at the site .
 Size and shape of culture ponds :-
 Rectangular or square pond are appropriate for shrimp culture
and the height of perimeter dike should have a free board of 0.6
to 0.7 meter above the desire water depth.
 The largest axis of a pond should be parallel to the prevailing
wind direction .
 Size may vary from 500 square meter to 10000 square meter
depending on the culture system ( intensive , semi intensive ,
extensive)
 The average depth is 4 feet to 6 feet .

9. Biosecurity
 Biosecurity barriers or crab fencing around the pond ,
prevents the carrier or vector including birds ,
disinfection of intake water , avoidance of cross
contamination.
 Overall hygiene including that of the equipment and
personnel are some of the inbuilt features of
biosecurity system.
 Provide settling and treatment of source water through
reservoir ponds.

10. Pond preparation before stocking (20 DAYS)
Day Material used in pond Dose as per 1000 meter square area
1 Lime 25 kg
2 kMno4 500 gm
3 CuSO4 3kg
4 Bleaching 40 kg
5 --------
6 BKC 80% 1 litre
7 --------
8 Dolomite(CaCO3
+MgCO3) + mineral
20 kg dolomite and 5kg mineral mix with
water and spread it in the pond
9 Juice mix Floar (3kg ) + yeast (250 gm) + molases
(3kg) mix with water . Make it before 48
hours of uses.
If pH low then use in morning and if pH is
high then use in night 10 pm

11. Pond preparation before stocking
Days Material used in pond Dose per as 1000 meter square area
10 Probiotic + sugar 1 kg probiotic and 400 gm of sugar mix
with water before 4 hrs of uses . Apply
at morning 8 am
11 -------
12 Dolomite + Mineral Same as before
13 Juice mix Same as before
14 Probiotic + Sugar Same as before
15 --------
16 Dolomite + Mineral 10 kg dolomite and 5 kg mineral
17 Juice mix Same as before
18 Probiotic + Sugar Same as before
19 --------
20 Stocking of post larvae

12. Stocking of post larvae
 The aerators should be switched on 24 hrs before the PL
are stocking.
 Seed of PL 15-20 is ideal for stockin.
 Stocking density may vary from 60 to 70 PL per meter
square area at 1.5 meter water depth .
 To acclimation of seed to the water water pH and
temperature , float the plastic bag in the pond until it has
reached equilibrium.
 The bag are opened one by one and pond water is added
grtadually to an equal volume .
 After a further 30 minutes of aqcclimatization , the seed are
released directly into the pond.

13. Post stocking management(27 days)
Days Material used in pond Dose
1 ,2 Rest after PL stocking
3 Juice mix Same as before
4,5 -----
6 Probiotic and sugar Same as before
7,8 -----
9 Dolomite and mineral Same as before
10,11 -----
12 Juice mix Same as before
13,14 ------
15 Probiotic and sugar Same as before
16,17 -----
18 Dolomite and mineral Same as before

14. Post stocking management
Daysme Material used in pond Dose as per 1000 meter square area
19,20 ----
21 Juice mix Same as before
22,23 -----
24 Probiotic + sugar Same as before
25,26 -----
27 Dolomite and minerals Same as before
28,29,30,
31
-----
32 Zeolite + gas probiotic 5kg zeolite and 500gm gas probiotic
(use once every 12 days )
33,34 -----
35 probiotic 500 gm( use once every 15 days)
36 -----
37 Mineral 5 to 10 kg( use once every week)

15. Feed management
 Feeding should start from
1st day of stocking
 Staring with 2 kg feed per
day per 100000 PL and after
that 300 gm increase every
day until 30 days this is
called blind feeding.
 After 30 days feed given
based on body weight and
check tray observation.

16. Sampling
 Weekly sampling is very important to asses shrimp
health , growth, average body weight(ABW), moulting
stage and survival.
 An average growth in a week is 3 to 4 gm ( with high
FCR)
 Average body weight of DOC 90 days is 30gm
(Vannamei), 18 to 20 gm for monodon when survival
rate is 80%

17. Disease prevention
 Cultured shrimps suffer from various disease due to
infectious causes.
 Infectious disease are caused by viruses, bacteria,
fungi, and certain parasites.
 Treatment can’t be carried out effectively when shrimp
disease occurs in a pond.
 One quotes for this matter is prevention is better than
cure , so the best way to get rid of disease is by
practicing good farm management.

18. Harvesting
 The best time for harvesting is early in the morning
and it should be completed before mid morning .
 Two methods of harvesting are generally practiced on
farms. There are either by draining the pond and
catching the shrimp in a bag net or by netting the
shrimp within the pond.
 Harvested shrimp should be iced and transported to
cold storage or processing plants in less than 10 hrs.
 From a 1000 meter square pond production can be
around 1.5 tons when survival rate is 80% with high
FCR feed .

19. THANK YOU
AKSHAY MANDAL