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1. Topic: Shock
Lecturer : Dr Jalloh

2. SHOCK
 Shock is a state in which diminished cardiac output or
reduced effective circulating blood volume impairs tissue
perfusion and leads to cellular hypoxia.
 At the outset, the cellular injury is reversible; however,
prolonged shock eventually leads to irreversible tissue
injury and is often fatal.

3. TYPES OF SHOCK
1. S-septic Shock
2. C-cardiogenic Shock
3. H-hypovolemic Shock
4. A-anaphylactic Shock
5. N-neurogenic Shock
NB: do not forget SCHAN

5. TYPES OF SHOCK cont.
Cardiogenic shock
 Results from low cardiac output as a
result of myocardial pump failure.
 It may be caused by myocardial
damage (infarction), ventricular
arrhythmias, extrinsic compression
(cardiac tamponade) or outflow
obstruction (e.g., pulmonary
embolism).

6. symptoms/sign
 Chest pains
 Irregular, weak pulse
 Low blood pressure
 Cyanosis (lips, nails)
 Anxiety
INTERVENTION
 Position
 O2
 Transport promptly

7. Hypovolemic shock results from low
cardiac output due to loss of blood or
plasma volume (e.g., resulting from
hemorrhage or fluid loss from severe
burns).
symptoms/sign
 Rapid, weak pulse
 Low blood pressure
 Change in mental status
 Cyanosis (lips, nails)
 Cool, clammy skin
 CRT > 3sec

8. INTERVENTION
O2
Control external bleeding
Elevate legs
Transport

9. Anaphylactic -
Most severe form of allergic reaction
due to vascular dilation
SYMPTOMS/SIGNS
 Mild itching
 Burning skin
 Generalized edema
 Coma
 Rapid death

10. INTERVENTION
 O2
 Determine cause
 Epinephrine
 Transport promptly

11. THANK YOU