Shock

1. SHOCK
: SHOCK
Student : Hariom Rajput
• 20PHAR1PA03033
• Presentation
• Samglobaluniversity

2. {CONTENTS}
1. INTRODUCTION
2. DEFINITION
3. INCIDENCE
4. TYPES
5. ETIOLOGY
6. RISK FACTORS
7. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
8. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
9. DIAGNOSIS EVALUATION
10. COMPLICATIONS
11. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
12. NURSING MANAGEMENT
13. HEALTH EDUCATION

3. INTRODUCTION
• Shock may be defined as inadequate delivery of
oxygen and nutrients to maintain normal tissues &
cellular function.

4. DEFINITION
• Shock is a life-threatening situation due to poor
tissue Perfusion with imapaired cellular
metabolism mani- festated entered by serious
pathophysiological abnormalities.

5. INCIDENCE
• Cardiogenic shock occurs in 8.6% of patient with
ST segment elevation
• Myocardial ischemia with 29% of those presenting
to the hospital already in shock.
• 2% of non ST segment elevation MI.

6. TYPES
1.CARDIOGENIC SHOCK: Cardiogenic
shock is characterised by reduced
pumping ability of heart due to
intrinsic myocardial damage,
obstruction to flow. Hypertrophy..
cardio myopathy, pulmonary
edema. Hypertension, weak pulse,
oligo, urea and pulmonary
embolism .

7. 2.HYPOROLEMIC SHOCK
An emergency condition in
which severe blood and fluid
loss make the heart unable to
pump blood to the body.

8. 3.SEPTIC SHOCK :
It is a serious medical
condition that can occur when
an infection in your body
causes extremely low blood
pressure and organ failure due
to sepsis.

9. OTHER TYPES
1.NEUROGENIC SHOCK :
Neurogenic shock occurs in the
setting of anaesthetic accident or
spinal cord injury of vascular tone
and peripheral pulling of blood.
causes loss

10. 2.TRAUMATIC SHOCK :
It is caused by a life-
threatening reaction of
the body to a substance
to which a patient is
extremely allergic.

11. ETIOLOGY
*Severe allergic reaction
*Significant blood loss
*Heart Failure
*Blood infections
* Dehydration
* Poisoning
* Burns

12. RISK FACTORS
*Coronary artery disease
*High blood pressure
* High cholesterol
* Diabetes
* Use of Tobacco products
* Overweight and obesity

14. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
1.EXEMELYLOW BLOOD PRESSURE
2.WEAKNESS
3.CHEST PAIN
4.WEAK PULSE
5.PROFUSE SWEATING
6.DIZZINESS
7.BLINKING EYES
8. UNCONSCIOUSNESS
9.HEADACHE
10. FEELING ANXIOUS OR CONFUSED
11. RAPID SHALLOW BREATHING
12. CYANOSIS

15. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
• HOSTORY COLLECTION
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
• BLOOD CULTURE & SENSITIVITY TEST
• CBC
• X-RAY , CT-SCAN
• ECHOCARDIOGRAM

16. COMPLICATIONS
1. LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS
2. RESPIRATORY FAILURE
3. COAGULATION DISORDER
4. MULTI ORGAN DAMAGE
5. COMA
6. DEATH

17. MANAGEMENT
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
• CRYSTALLLATORS:RINGER’SSOLUTION AND NORNAL SALINE
• INOTROPICAGENTS : DOPAMINE,DOBUTAMINE& EPINEPHRINE
• RESODILATOR:NITROGLYCERIN
• DIURATICS:LASILACTONE, FUROSEMIDE
• ANTIBIOTICS: CIPROFLOXACIN, AMOXICILLINE &CLAVULANIC ACID
• ANTIHISTAMINES:EPINEPHRINE
• CORTICOSTEROIDS:DEXAMETHASONE
• SODIUM BICARBONATE:USED TO TREAT METABOLICACIDOSIS
• BRONCHODIALOTERS:ATROPINE, AMINOPHYLLINE ETC.

18. NON-PHARMACHOLOGICAL
1. MODIFIERAL TRENDLENBERG POSITION
2. ASSESSMENT OF VITAL SIGNS
3. OXYGEN ADMINISTRATION
4. PARENTERAL NUTRITION SUPPORT

19. NURSING MANAGEMENT
1. Continuous monitoring.
2. Assess airway, breathing and circulationof the patient.
3. Check for urine output of the client.
4. Suggestto eat small frequentmeal, eat more salt and drink more fluids
5. Increase amount of potassium in your diet.
6. Avoid coffee and alcohol

20. NURSING DIAGNOSIS
1. Impaired tissue perfusion related to decrease output.
2. Ineffective breathing pattern related to hypoxia
3. Fluid volume deficit related to vomiting haemorrhage.
4. Acute pain related to myocardial infarction.
5. Imbalanced nutrition less than body requirement related to
inadequate intake of food.

21. HEALTH EDUCATION
1. ADOPT HEART HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
2. TAKE HEALTHY DIET : LOW IN SODIUM AND FAT
3. CONTROL HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES
4. REDUCE OBESITY , BE PHYSICALLY ACTIVE
5. QUIT SMOKING
THANK YOU