Special Economic Zones (SEZs) were introduced in India in 2000 to overcome shortcomings of the Export Processing Zone model and attract foreign investment by providing tax incentives and a business-friendly environment. SEZs are designated duty-free enclaves that are treated as foreign territory for trade operations. They offer benefits like duty exemptions, single window clearance, and tax holidays. Currently there are over 100 notified SEZs in India generating over $25 billion in exports annually and employing around 1.8 lakh people. The main objectives of SEZs are to promote economic activity, exports, investment and employment.
The document provides an overview of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It discusses that SEZs aim to generate employment and economic growth through tax incentives for businesses located in designated zones. However, many SEZ projects in India have faced significant protests over land acquisition issues, with farmers arguing their land was taken below market value. While SEZs can provide benefits, the document notes India's 2005 SEZ policy and amendments have been criticized for lacking compensation for land owners and consideration of social impacts. It concludes that for SEZs to succeed, local communities must be made stakeholders in national progress.
This presentation provides an overview of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It discusses the history and evolution of SEZs from Free Trade Zones, outlines the SEZ policy and acts in India, and summarizes the current status and performance of SEZs. The benefits and incentives for both SEZ units and developers are also summarized. Issues and the path ahead to ensure the success of SEZs in India are then presented.
This document provides an overview of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It notes that SEZs are designated duty-free and tax-free enclaves established in 2001 to promote international business. As of 2008, there were over 200 notified SEZs in India contributing over 66,000 crores in exports and employing over 200,000 people. The document outlines the benefits of SEZs, including tax holidays, duty-free imports/exports, single window clearances, and incentives for the IT/ITES industry. It concludes by providing contact information for Swanand International, a consultancy for SEZ development.
Basic understanding of SEZs, Indian SEZs, Capability and need of SEZs in an Economy like India, Statewise number of SEZs in India, Upcoming SEZs, Exports from Indian SEZs, Incentives and Benefits of SEZs, Advantages and Disadvantages of SEZs
The document discusses Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It provides background on SEZs, noting that India first experimented with Export Processing Zones in 1965 and officially introduced SEZs in 2000 based on models from China. The objectives of SEZs are to generate additional economic activity, promote exports and investment, create employment, and develop infrastructure through simplified procedures. Benefits of SEZs include attracting over $100 billion in investment and creating 500,000 jobs by 2007, with exports from SEZs projected to reach $352 billion by 2017.
The document provides an overview of the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) framework in India. It discusses key stakeholders such as developers and units, benefits available to developers and suppliers, the approval process for setting up an SEZ, and operation and maintenance requirements. The legislative framework and transition provisions for existing SEZs are also summarized.
The document summarizes Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. The main objectives of SEZs are to generate additional economic activity, promote exports and investment, create jobs, and develop infrastructure. SEZs offer various fiscal incentives like tax exemptions and duty-free imports. However, some criticize SEZs for displacing farmers, acquiring agricultural land, and exacerbating regional inequalities.
The document provides an overview of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It discusses that SEZs aim to generate employment and economic growth through tax incentives for businesses located in designated zones. However, many SEZ projects in India have faced significant protests over land acquisition issues, with farmers arguing their land was taken below market value. While SEZs can provide benefits, the document notes India's 2005 SEZ policy and amendments have been criticized for lacking compensation for land owners and consideration of social impacts. It concludes that for SEZs to succeed, local communities must be made stakeholders in national progress.
This presentation provides an overview of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It discusses the history and evolution of SEZs from Free Trade Zones, outlines the SEZ policy and acts in India, and summarizes the current status and performance of SEZs. The benefits and incentives for both SEZ units and developers are also summarized. Issues and the path ahead to ensure the success of SEZs in India are then presented.
This document provides an overview of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It notes that SEZs are designated duty-free and tax-free enclaves established in 2001 to promote international business. As of 2008, there were over 200 notified SEZs in India contributing over 66,000 crores in exports and employing over 200,000 people. The document outlines the benefits of SEZs, including tax holidays, duty-free imports/exports, single window clearances, and incentives for the IT/ITES industry. It concludes by providing contact information for Swanand International, a consultancy for SEZ development.
Basic understanding of SEZs, Indian SEZs, Capability and need of SEZs in an Economy like India, Statewise number of SEZs in India, Upcoming SEZs, Exports from Indian SEZs, Incentives and Benefits of SEZs, Advantages and Disadvantages of SEZs
The document discusses Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It provides background on SEZs, noting that India first experimented with Export Processing Zones in 1965 and officially introduced SEZs in 2000 based on models from China. The objectives of SEZs are to generate additional economic activity, promote exports and investment, create employment, and develop infrastructure through simplified procedures. Benefits of SEZs include attracting over $100 billion in investment and creating 500,000 jobs by 2007, with exports from SEZs projected to reach $352 billion by 2017.
The document provides an overview of the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) framework in India. It discusses key stakeholders such as developers and units, benefits available to developers and suppliers, the approval process for setting up an SEZ, and operation and maintenance requirements. The legislative framework and transition provisions for existing SEZs are also summarized.
The document summarizes Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. The main objectives of SEZs are to generate additional economic activity, promote exports and investment, create jobs, and develop infrastructure. SEZs offer various fiscal incentives like tax exemptions and duty-free imports. However, some criticize SEZs for displacing farmers, acquiring agricultural land, and exacerbating regional inequalities.
Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are geographical regions in India that have economic laws more oriented towards free market principles to increase foreign direct investment and GDP. SEZs cover various types of zones like free trade zones and industrial parks. They provide tax exemptions and other fiscal incentives. While SEZs aim to generate economic activity and jobs, there are concerns around land acquisition and impact on farmers' livelihoods. Overall, SEZs are intended to make India a more competitive investment destination but their success depends on factors like infrastructure and political stability.
Special economic zone (SEZ ) Indian Perspective.suvankardas24
This document discusses Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It begins by defining an SEZ as a geographical region with different economic laws than the rest of the country. SEZs aim to promote rapid economic growth through tax incentives and foreign investment. The document then provides a brief history of SEZs, including their origins in China and other countries. It outlines the objectives and incentives of SEZs in India, including tax exemptions and infrastructure development. The role, categories, and current status of SEZs in India are examined. In conclusion, the document notes that while SEZs have boosted the Indian economy, implementation has faced challenges due to inadequate planning, infrastructure and policies.
Special economic zones are geographical regions that have more liberal economic laws than a country's typical laws. They are intended to be engines of economic growth. India's SEZ policy aims to enhance foreign investment, promote exports, and create opportunities for domestic businesses. As of 2007, India had over 200 functional SEZs. West Bengal passed a SEZ law in 2003 to accelerate economic reforms. SEZs in West Bengal have grown industries like jewelry production and provided employment opportunities, but they also face issues like criticisms of land acquisition practices.
Role of sez policy in development of indiaVivek Mahajan
This document is a project report submitted by a student to the University of Mumbai on the role of SEZ policy in development of India. It includes an introduction to SEZs, objectives of establishing them, and their benefits. The report contains chapters on literature review of SEZs in India, their regulatory framework and approval process, benefits they provide such as boosting exports and infrastructure development, and performance of existing SEZs. It concludes with a discussion of SEZs importance for rapid economic growth in developing countries.
A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a geographical region with economic laws that are more liberal than a country's domestic laws to attract foreign direct investment and help exports. SEZs aim to create a business-friendly environment through duty exemptions and single-window clearance. India's first SEZ was set up in 1965 and the current SEZ policy dates to 2000, offering tax holidays, duty exemptions, and relaxed regulations to boost investment and exports. However, SEZs have also faced issues regarding loss of government revenue, regional imbalance, environmental impacts, and employee working conditions.
This document outlines planning legislation related to Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. SEZs are designated duty-free enclaves intended to promote exports and attract investment through quality infrastructure and minimal regulations. The legislation establishes guidelines for the establishment and functioning of SEZs, including their designation as processing or non-processing areas and associated tax exemptions. It also provides development norms for non-processing areas based on the type of SEZ and addresses key challenges in implementing SEZ programs.
Special Economic Zone is the most discussed and disputed topic in India. For the economic development and to encourage export of various things and to take place in globalization all the countries are contributing themselves and trying for it consciously and SEZ is one of the parts of this. All over the opposition to SEZ, but for financial development, export growth, increase employment of the country, SEZ is essential. Government has passed special SEZ Act and implementation is doing. It is necessary to see the SEZ in positive view. SEZ projects should be started in backward area for
development of regional equilibrium. SEZ have been acquired land from the farmers, government should be done rehabilitation and included them as shareholders of the SEZ projects as well as the family members of the farmers should be reserved some vacancies of employment. Employment should be provided to the local workers, for existence of SSI to prepare list of articles of SSI, to limitations of maximum land acquired for SEZ etc. options should be considered by Government then farmers are helping to SEZ and economic development is done through SEZ.
1) SEZs are intended to generate jobs and exports by providing world-class infrastructure and tax incentives. 2) The SEZ Act of 2005 and Rules of 2006 provide the legislative framework for SEZ development. SEZs have various formats depending on size and type. 3) SEZs offer direct tax exemptions for developers and units, as well as indirect tax exemptions on imports/exports. 4) While SEZs have led to increased investment and exports, issues around land acquisition and regulation remain.
The document discusses Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It provides background on SEZs, outlines the key laws governing SEZs, and discusses approvals, sectors, employment, investment, exports, and tax incentives for SEZs. Over 580 SEZ projects have been approved across 20 states and 3 union territories, with 374 notified SEZs currently operational. IT/ITES is the largest sector, making up over 60% of approvals. SEZs have generated over 880,000 jobs and over $223 billion in exports in recent years.
This document discusses Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in Maharashtra. It provides details about the approval process for establishing SEZs, the land requirements, benefits like duty exemptions, and objectives like accelerating economic growth. It also mentions challenges like farmland acquisition controversies. Specifically, it summarizes SEZ projects started by Mukesh Ambani and India Bulls in regions like Dronagiri, Ulwe, and Nasik. It discusses the positive impacts of SEZs in boosting investment, exports, and jobs, but also the potential hurdles like loss of farmland, water scarcity issues, and environmental pollution risks.
1) Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India aim to provide internationally competitive environments to increase exports, attract foreign direct investment, and enhance economic growth.
2) The approach includes special fiscal incentives for private developers, infrastructure support from state governments, and attractive facilities for setting up business units. A single window system streamlines central and state regulations.
3) Developers and business units in SEZs receive various tax exemptions and other benefits like duty-free imports. State policies provide further incentives to encourage the development of SEZs across the country.
Special economic zones (SEZs) provide tax and duty exemptions to boost exports by streamlining procedures and offering infrastructure and logistics support. SEZs in China like Shenzhen have attracted massive foreign investment and created millions of jobs through their large size, flexible labor policies, and world-class infrastructure. However, SEZs also face issues like inadequate connecting infrastructure, bureaucratic hurdles, and losing cost advantages as wages rise in the host country over time.
Market Research India - Guide to SEZ in India 2009Netscribes, Inc.
The document provides an overview of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It discusses that SEZs evolved from Export Processing Zones and Software Technology Parks to promote exports and foreign investment. SEZs can be sector-specific, multi-product, or located in ports/airports. They must have processing and non-processing areas. Developers receive various tax incentives and must adhere to environmental and export rules. The establishment process involves in-principle approval, formal approval, and notification. IT/ITeS SEZs are most common, while southern and western states lead in development. Gems and jewelry was the top exporting sector from SEZs, while investments and employment in SEZs have
The document discusses Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It defines SEZs as specifically delineated duty-free enclaves deemed to be foreign territory for trade. The objectives of SEZs are to generate economic activity, promote exports and investment, and create jobs. SEZs can be processing or non-processing and have different structures. Incentives for SEZs include tax exemptions, duty-free imports, single window clearances, and facilities like utilities. Potential problems include lack of transparency, payment issues, and use of prime agriculture land.
The document discusses Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It defines an SEZ as a specifically delineated duty free enclave within a country's territory that is treated as a foreign area for trade operations and duties. SEZs aim to attract businesses through tax incentives and reduced regulations. India first experimented with Export Processing Zones in 1965 and established its first SEZ policy in 2000 to promote exports and foreign investment through world-class infrastructure and a stable fiscal regime in dedicated industrial zones. The objectives of SEZs are to develop infrastructure, increase employment, promote international trade and attract foreign investment to drive economic growth. Businesses in SEZs receive incentives like duty exemptions, tax holidays and external borrowing
This document provides an overview of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India, including their origin, evolution, approval process, incentives, and impacts. It discusses how SEZs have evolved from Export Processing Zones (EPZs) to provide more liberalized policies and incentives. Key points covered include the approval process for SEZ proposals, incentives provided to businesses in SEZs like tax exemptions, and benefits seen so far including increased investment, exports, and employment. Challenges and impacts related to land acquisition and loss of government revenue are also mentioned.
Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are specifically delineated duty-free enclaves deemed to be foreign territory for trade purposes. They aim to provide a competitive environment for exports by offering tax exemptions, subsidies, and relaxed regulations. SEZs started in the 1960s and have expanded over the years. Currently there are over 150 approved SEZs in India focused on sectors like IT, pharmaceuticals, and textiles. SEZs generate economic activity and promote investment but also face criticism around loss of government revenue, land acquisition issues, lack of infrastructure planning, and potential exploitation of labor. Oversight and an exit policy for developers are suggested to address some of these concerns.
SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE ( SEZ ) Case study Of West Bengal Kolkata SEZ RegionSudipDey40
Sez are Totally commercial area specially established for the promotion foreign trade.
Regions designated for economic development oriented toward inward FDI and exports fostered by special policy incentives.
This document provides a SWOT analysis of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It notes that SEZs were established to promote exports and attract foreign investment by having more liberal economic laws than the rest of the country. The strengths of Indian SEZs include a large domestic market, low labor costs, and established capabilities in various industries. Weaknesses include inadequate support, labor issues, inappropriate locations, and infrastructure bottlenecks. Opportunities exist to leverage SEZs for infrastructure development and investments in core industries. Potential threats include increasing competition from other countries and changes in trade patterns. The conclusion is that SEZs are expected to boost investment, economic activity, and job creation.
Policy Analysis on Development of Special Border Economic Zones in Thailand (...Dr.Choen Krainara
The document provides a policy analysis of Thailand's development of special border economic zones (SBEZs). It discusses the evolution of SBEZ development policies in Thailand over four periods from 1961-2015. The analysis focuses on direct policies implemented from 2003-2015 to promote the development of pilot SBEZs along border regions. These include the SBEZ Development Policy, international trade policies, customs facilitation, border investment incentives, transport infrastructure, and policies regarding labor, security and immigration. The document analyzes the features and progress of implementing these integrated policies to develop SBEZs in Thailand.
Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are geographical regions in India that have economic laws more oriented towards free market principles to increase foreign direct investment and GDP. SEZs cover various types of zones like free trade zones and industrial parks. They provide tax exemptions and other fiscal incentives. While SEZs aim to generate economic activity and jobs, there are concerns around land acquisition and impact on farmers' livelihoods. Overall, SEZs are intended to make India a more competitive investment destination but their success depends on factors like infrastructure and political stability.
Special economic zone (SEZ ) Indian Perspective.suvankardas24
This document discusses Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It begins by defining an SEZ as a geographical region with different economic laws than the rest of the country. SEZs aim to promote rapid economic growth through tax incentives and foreign investment. The document then provides a brief history of SEZs, including their origins in China and other countries. It outlines the objectives and incentives of SEZs in India, including tax exemptions and infrastructure development. The role, categories, and current status of SEZs in India are examined. In conclusion, the document notes that while SEZs have boosted the Indian economy, implementation has faced challenges due to inadequate planning, infrastructure and policies.
Special economic zones are geographical regions that have more liberal economic laws than a country's typical laws. They are intended to be engines of economic growth. India's SEZ policy aims to enhance foreign investment, promote exports, and create opportunities for domestic businesses. As of 2007, India had over 200 functional SEZs. West Bengal passed a SEZ law in 2003 to accelerate economic reforms. SEZs in West Bengal have grown industries like jewelry production and provided employment opportunities, but they also face issues like criticisms of land acquisition practices.
Role of sez policy in development of indiaVivek Mahajan
This document is a project report submitted by a student to the University of Mumbai on the role of SEZ policy in development of India. It includes an introduction to SEZs, objectives of establishing them, and their benefits. The report contains chapters on literature review of SEZs in India, their regulatory framework and approval process, benefits they provide such as boosting exports and infrastructure development, and performance of existing SEZs. It concludes with a discussion of SEZs importance for rapid economic growth in developing countries.
A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a geographical region with economic laws that are more liberal than a country's domestic laws to attract foreign direct investment and help exports. SEZs aim to create a business-friendly environment through duty exemptions and single-window clearance. India's first SEZ was set up in 1965 and the current SEZ policy dates to 2000, offering tax holidays, duty exemptions, and relaxed regulations to boost investment and exports. However, SEZs have also faced issues regarding loss of government revenue, regional imbalance, environmental impacts, and employee working conditions.
This document outlines planning legislation related to Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. SEZs are designated duty-free enclaves intended to promote exports and attract investment through quality infrastructure and minimal regulations. The legislation establishes guidelines for the establishment and functioning of SEZs, including their designation as processing or non-processing areas and associated tax exemptions. It also provides development norms for non-processing areas based on the type of SEZ and addresses key challenges in implementing SEZ programs.
Special Economic Zone is the most discussed and disputed topic in India. For the economic development and to encourage export of various things and to take place in globalization all the countries are contributing themselves and trying for it consciously and SEZ is one of the parts of this. All over the opposition to SEZ, but for financial development, export growth, increase employment of the country, SEZ is essential. Government has passed special SEZ Act and implementation is doing. It is necessary to see the SEZ in positive view. SEZ projects should be started in backward area for
development of regional equilibrium. SEZ have been acquired land from the farmers, government should be done rehabilitation and included them as shareholders of the SEZ projects as well as the family members of the farmers should be reserved some vacancies of employment. Employment should be provided to the local workers, for existence of SSI to prepare list of articles of SSI, to limitations of maximum land acquired for SEZ etc. options should be considered by Government then farmers are helping to SEZ and economic development is done through SEZ.
1) SEZs are intended to generate jobs and exports by providing world-class infrastructure and tax incentives. 2) The SEZ Act of 2005 and Rules of 2006 provide the legislative framework for SEZ development. SEZs have various formats depending on size and type. 3) SEZs offer direct tax exemptions for developers and units, as well as indirect tax exemptions on imports/exports. 4) While SEZs have led to increased investment and exports, issues around land acquisition and regulation remain.
The document discusses Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It provides background on SEZs, outlines the key laws governing SEZs, and discusses approvals, sectors, employment, investment, exports, and tax incentives for SEZs. Over 580 SEZ projects have been approved across 20 states and 3 union territories, with 374 notified SEZs currently operational. IT/ITES is the largest sector, making up over 60% of approvals. SEZs have generated over 880,000 jobs and over $223 billion in exports in recent years.
This document discusses Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in Maharashtra. It provides details about the approval process for establishing SEZs, the land requirements, benefits like duty exemptions, and objectives like accelerating economic growth. It also mentions challenges like farmland acquisition controversies. Specifically, it summarizes SEZ projects started by Mukesh Ambani and India Bulls in regions like Dronagiri, Ulwe, and Nasik. It discusses the positive impacts of SEZs in boosting investment, exports, and jobs, but also the potential hurdles like loss of farmland, water scarcity issues, and environmental pollution risks.
1) Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India aim to provide internationally competitive environments to increase exports, attract foreign direct investment, and enhance economic growth.
2) The approach includes special fiscal incentives for private developers, infrastructure support from state governments, and attractive facilities for setting up business units. A single window system streamlines central and state regulations.
3) Developers and business units in SEZs receive various tax exemptions and other benefits like duty-free imports. State policies provide further incentives to encourage the development of SEZs across the country.
Special economic zones (SEZs) provide tax and duty exemptions to boost exports by streamlining procedures and offering infrastructure and logistics support. SEZs in China like Shenzhen have attracted massive foreign investment and created millions of jobs through their large size, flexible labor policies, and world-class infrastructure. However, SEZs also face issues like inadequate connecting infrastructure, bureaucratic hurdles, and losing cost advantages as wages rise in the host country over time.
Market Research India - Guide to SEZ in India 2009Netscribes, Inc.
The document provides an overview of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It discusses that SEZs evolved from Export Processing Zones and Software Technology Parks to promote exports and foreign investment. SEZs can be sector-specific, multi-product, or located in ports/airports. They must have processing and non-processing areas. Developers receive various tax incentives and must adhere to environmental and export rules. The establishment process involves in-principle approval, formal approval, and notification. IT/ITeS SEZs are most common, while southern and western states lead in development. Gems and jewelry was the top exporting sector from SEZs, while investments and employment in SEZs have
The document discusses Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It defines SEZs as specifically delineated duty-free enclaves deemed to be foreign territory for trade. The objectives of SEZs are to generate economic activity, promote exports and investment, and create jobs. SEZs can be processing or non-processing and have different structures. Incentives for SEZs include tax exemptions, duty-free imports, single window clearances, and facilities like utilities. Potential problems include lack of transparency, payment issues, and use of prime agriculture land.
The document discusses Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It defines an SEZ as a specifically delineated duty free enclave within a country's territory that is treated as a foreign area for trade operations and duties. SEZs aim to attract businesses through tax incentives and reduced regulations. India first experimented with Export Processing Zones in 1965 and established its first SEZ policy in 2000 to promote exports and foreign investment through world-class infrastructure and a stable fiscal regime in dedicated industrial zones. The objectives of SEZs are to develop infrastructure, increase employment, promote international trade and attract foreign investment to drive economic growth. Businesses in SEZs receive incentives like duty exemptions, tax holidays and external borrowing
This document provides an overview of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India, including their origin, evolution, approval process, incentives, and impacts. It discusses how SEZs have evolved from Export Processing Zones (EPZs) to provide more liberalized policies and incentives. Key points covered include the approval process for SEZ proposals, incentives provided to businesses in SEZs like tax exemptions, and benefits seen so far including increased investment, exports, and employment. Challenges and impacts related to land acquisition and loss of government revenue are also mentioned.
Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are specifically delineated duty-free enclaves deemed to be foreign territory for trade purposes. They aim to provide a competitive environment for exports by offering tax exemptions, subsidies, and relaxed regulations. SEZs started in the 1960s and have expanded over the years. Currently there are over 150 approved SEZs in India focused on sectors like IT, pharmaceuticals, and textiles. SEZs generate economic activity and promote investment but also face criticism around loss of government revenue, land acquisition issues, lack of infrastructure planning, and potential exploitation of labor. Oversight and an exit policy for developers are suggested to address some of these concerns.
SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE ( SEZ ) Case study Of West Bengal Kolkata SEZ RegionSudipDey40
Sez are Totally commercial area specially established for the promotion foreign trade.
Regions designated for economic development oriented toward inward FDI and exports fostered by special policy incentives.
This document provides a SWOT analysis of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It notes that SEZs were established to promote exports and attract foreign investment by having more liberal economic laws than the rest of the country. The strengths of Indian SEZs include a large domestic market, low labor costs, and established capabilities in various industries. Weaknesses include inadequate support, labor issues, inappropriate locations, and infrastructure bottlenecks. Opportunities exist to leverage SEZs for infrastructure development and investments in core industries. Potential threats include increasing competition from other countries and changes in trade patterns. The conclusion is that SEZs are expected to boost investment, economic activity, and job creation.
Policy Analysis on Development of Special Border Economic Zones in Thailand (...Dr.Choen Krainara
The document provides a policy analysis of Thailand's development of special border economic zones (SBEZs). It discusses the evolution of SBEZ development policies in Thailand over four periods from 1961-2015. The analysis focuses on direct policies implemented from 2003-2015 to promote the development of pilot SBEZs along border regions. These include the SBEZ Development Policy, international trade policies, customs facilitation, border investment incentives, transport infrastructure, and policies regarding labor, security and immigration. The document analyzes the features and progress of implementing these integrated policies to develop SBEZs in Thailand.
Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are geographic regions that have economic laws more liberal than typical economic laws. SEZs aim to generate economic activity and promote exports by providing tax exemptions, single window clearances, and other incentives.
The document discusses the history and categories of SEZs. It notes that the concept originated with Puerto Rico in 1947 and was later adopted by countries like Ireland, Taiwan, and notably China, which established large numbers of SEZs. The main categories of SEZs include free trade zones, free zones, industrial parks, free economic zones, and urban enterprise zones.
The key advantages of SEZs in India include tax holidays, duty exemptions, simplified procedures
Special economic zones (SEZs) are specifically delineated duty-free enclaves meant to be foreign territories for trade operations. SEZs aim to generate economic activity, promote exports and investment, and create jobs. They offer tax exemptions and simplified compliance procedures. However, SEZs have also faced criticism for distorting land and labor markets and displacing people. While SEZs have contributed to India's exports and FDI, their implementation has faced challenges around planning, land acquisition policies, and inadequate infrastructure and support. Overall, SEZs can boost the economy but India must ensure proper control, compensation for land, and employment opportunities to maximize benefits and minimize disadvantages.
The document provides information on Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It discusses that SEZs are specifically delineated duty free enclaves considered foreign territory for trade. SEZs are intended to be an engine for economic growth supported by quality infrastructure and an attractive fiscal package with minimum regulations. The history and categories of SEZs in India are described. Key objectives of the SEZ Act of 2005 include generation of economic activity, promotion of exports and investment, and creation of employment opportunities. Benefits of SEZs include job creation, skill formation, attracting investors, technology upgrading, and growth of exports and manufacturing. Development norms for processing and non-processing areas in SEZs are also
The SlideShare 101 is a quick start guide if you want to walk through the main features that the platform offers. This will keep getting updated as new features are launched.
The SlideShare 101 replaces the earlier "SlideShare Quick Tour".
This document provides an overview of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It defines SEZs as geographical regions with different economic laws than the country to promote economic growth and foreign investment. SEZs are exempt from certain taxes, quotas, and labor laws. India has established over 143 operational SEZs since first introducing the concept in 2000. SEZs aim to generate economic activity, promote exports and investment, and create jobs. They provide tax incentives for businesses and have contributed to India's export growth, but also face criticisms related to land acquisition and environmental impacts.
The document discusses the concept, structure, process, impact and future of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It traces the origin and evolution of SEZs from Export Processing Zones (EPZs) and provides details on the approval process, incentives offered, and functional SEZs in the country. It also outlines the positive impacts of SEZs in boosting the economy through increased investment, employment and exports, while acknowledging some challenges around issues like land acquisition and environmental protection.
Export Processing Zones (EPZs) are designated industrial estates established by governments to promote exports by providing tax incentives and streamlined regulations. EPZs aim to attract foreign investment by offering a duty-free environment for production and export. India first established EPZs in the 1970s to boost exports and employment. EPZs offer benefits like developed infrastructure, tax exemptions, and customs clearance facilities. A three-tier management system oversees their functioning. EPZs allow import/procurement of raw materials, capital goods, and office equipment duty-free to enable export production at low cost.
Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are designated areas within countries that have special economic regulations to encourage business activity. SEZs offer tax reliefs and opportunities for lower taxation. India's first SEZ was established in 1965 and the 2000 policy expanded incentives for private sector SEZs. SEZs are intended to promote economic growth, attract foreign investment, and increase exports and GDP. While SEZs create jobs, they have also been criticized for displacing farmers and reducing long-term tax revenue through corporate tax holidays. As of 2014, India had 491 approved SEZs, with 196 operational zones accounting for 38% of the country's exports.
1) Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are designated areas that have more liberal economic laws than the rest of the country in order to encourage investment and job creation.
2) The objectives of SEZs are to create employment opportunities, promote investment, boost exports, generate additional economic activity, and develop infrastructure.
3) SEZs provide various incentives like tax holidays, duty-free imports, single window clearances, and developed industrial spaces to attract businesses. However, some argue that SEZs negatively impact food security, agriculture, and the environment.
This document outlines the Special Economic Zone Act of 2005 in India. Some key points:
1. Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are geographical regions with more liberal economic laws than the country to promote development and attract investment.
2. The Act provides procedures for establishing SEZs, including submitting proposals to State and Central governments for approval. It also defines developers and coordinators of SEZs.
3. The Act exempts goods and services exported from or imported into SEZs from various taxes and duties to encourage business activity. It demarcates processing areas within SEZs for manufacturing and services.
This document provides an overview and analysis of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. It begins with an introduction to SEZs, noting their purpose is to create liberal economic areas to promote investment and exports. It then discusses the objectives and methodology of the project. The main body analyzes the impact and development of SEZs in India. It notes they have contributed to growth through exports, employment, and investment. However, it also discusses some drawbacks, such as their impact on rural areas from land acquisition. The conclusion is that while SEZs have potential benefits, their effects need to be carefully managed.
Brief Explanation about Special Economic Zones in India and its benefits to the Indian Economy and how these SEZ's are helping the economy to grow and create employment in the Indian undeveloped Sectors.
Commercially minded self starter with demonstrated achievement in senior retail management and project management of large multi-site operations with responsibility for profit and loss and a background in residential real estate development and management, project management, marketing, operations and general management. Proactive management style with strong analytical skills, strategic & operational planner with a strong eye for detail in a performance based, and customer focused environment. Accustomed to setting goals, monitoring performance and taking responsibility, with highly developed leadership, motivational, team building, interpersonal and communication skills.
The presentation explains Special Economic Zones in context of the law of export and import regulation. The topic deals with the objectives , salient features, facilities and controversy regarding SEZ.
Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in Maharashtra are discussed. SEZs are geographical regions that have more liberal economic laws than a country's typical laws to encourage business. In Maharashtra, SEZs require a minimum of 10 hectares for some sectors and 1000 hectares for others. Approval is needed from central and state governments for SEZ establishment. SEZs offer benefits like duty exemptions but also have limiting factors like land acquisition issues and potential for corruption. The objectives of SEZs are to accelerate economic growth and generate employment. Specific Maharashtra SEZ projects discussed are MSEZ, India Bulls Infrastructure SEZ, and SEZs in Navi Mumbai including Dronagiri, Ulwe
Special economic zones (SEZs) are areas within countries that have different economic regulations than other areas, aimed at attracting foreign investment. SEZs in India were established to accelerate foreign investment and exports by providing world-class infrastructure and tax incentives. There are currently eight operational SEZs located across major cities in India. The objectives of SEZs are to promote exports, investment, employment, and infrastructure development through a single window clearance system and simplified procedures.
Special economic zones are areas within countries that have different economic regulations than other areas in order to attract foreign direct investment and spur economic growth. SEZs provide tax incentives and streamlined procedures to encourage business investment. China has been very successful in using SEZs, first establishing four zones in 1979 that helped liberalize its economy and attract over $500 billion in exports and foreign investment. India also set up various SEZs under a 2005 policy aimed at generating economic activity and promoting exports and investment. SEZs have been shown to boost economies through foreign capital inflows, job creation, and infrastructure development.
This document provides information on foreign direct investment in India. It discusses India's liberal foreign investment policies and approval procedures. Under the automatic route, foreign direct investment up to certain limits in many sectors does not require prior government or central bank approval. For investments beyond these limits or in restricted sectors, approval must be sought from the Foreign Investment Promotion Board. The document outlines the sectors and limits permitted for foreign investment in India.
The document discusses India's foreign trade policies and regulations. It outlines the key components of foreign trade policy including export promotion, organizational setup, production and marketing assistance, and special economic zones. The goals of foreign trade policy are to simplify trade procedures, facilitate manufacturing and services, generate employment, and promote technological and infrastructure development to boost India's global trade.
The document discusses India's foreign trade policies and strategies. It outlines the key objectives of facilitating imports and exports through various acts and policies. Various export promotion strategies are discussed, including export processing zones (EPZs), special economic zones (SEZs), 100% export-oriented units (EOUs), and trading houses that help manufacturers connect with foreign buyers. The overall aim is to boost India's foreign trade, employment, and economic growth through trade liberalization and a supportive regulatory environment.
The document provides an overview of key provisions related to inbound foreign investment under India's Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA). It discusses the structure of FEMA and differences between FEMA and income tax regulations. It then summarizes provisions for foreign direct investment, including prohibited sectors, automatic vs. approval routes, and procedural compliance requirements. Specific policies for sectors like construction, NBFCs, and trading are also outlined.
The document discusses small scale industries in India. It notes that small scale industries are a dynamic and vibrant sector of the Indian economy, holding the key to prosperity. The objectives of developing small enterprises include generating employment, eradicating unemployment, encouraging development in rural areas, and ensuring equitable distribution of wealth. Small industries contribute significantly to manufacturing, trading, and services. They have grown enormously over the past decades in number, production, employment, and exports. Small enterprises play a major role in India's economic development and exports through job creation, regional growth, and mobilizing local resources.
The document provides an overview of special economic zones (SEZs) in India. It discusses SEZs in a global context, noting that over 3000 SEZ projects exist across 120 countries. It then examines SEZs specifically in India, detailing their objectives to generate economic activity, promote exports and investment, and create jobs. Key features of India's SEZ Act are explained, including incentives for developers and units. Statistics show that the majority of India's 588 approved SEZs are in sectors like IT/ITES, biotech, and textiles. States like Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat have the most approved and operational SEZs. In conclusion, the document analyzes SEZ's
The document discusses the roles of foreign direct investment (FDI) and foreign institutional investment (FII) in India. It provides definitions and concepts of FDI and FII, including methods of FDI, types of FDI, benefits and disadvantages of FDI, the role of FDI in India. It also discusses concepts of FII, how FII started in India, where FII can invest, advantages and disadvantages of FII. The document compares FDI and FII and discusses the status of FII in India and recent developments. It concludes with a discussion of current international issues including dumping, agricultural protectionism, economic warfare, and price fluctuations of oil.
Financial instituitions ,types and servicesNeeraj Singh
The document summarizes various financial institutions that provide non-banking financial services in India. It discusses Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs), their types and operations. It also describes several development financial institutions established by the Government of India and state governments to promote industrialization, such as Industrial Finance Corporation of India (IFCI), State Financial Corporations (SFCs), Industrial Reconstruction Bank of India (IRBI), State Industrial Development Corporations (SIDCs), and Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI). These institutions provide financial assistance in the form of loans, guarantees, underwriting and other services to small, medium and large industrial sectors.
The document discusses the history and evolution of global trade agreements from GATT to the World Trade Organization (WTO). It explains that GATT was a provisional agreement formed in 1947 to promote international trade but was replaced by the WTO in 1995. The WTO provides a permanent institutional foundation and its rules and commitments are considered more binding than GATT. The WTO aims to liberalize trade through negotiations and provides a dispute settlement mechanism for member countries. It currently has 153 member countries and seeks to reduce barriers to international trade.
The document provides an overview of insurance concepts including the meaning and principles of insurance, the origin and development of insurance, the opening of the Indian insurance sector, and the roles of regulatory bodies like IRDA. It discusses types of insurance like health, life and general insurance as well as companies in the Indian market like LIC and GIC. The objectives are to understand key insurance terms, regulations, and the industry landscape in India.
Mutual funds pool money from investors and invest in a portfolio of stocks, bonds, and other securities. The document discusses the meaning, benefits, history, growth in India, types, risks, net asset value, organization, regulations, and associations of mutual funds. It provides details on various mutual fund schemes, investments strategies like SIP and SWP, and buying and tracking mutual funds.
This document discusses the management of non-performing assets (NPAs) in banks. It defines NPAs as loans or advances where interest or principal payments are overdue by 90 days or more. It outlines the classification of assets as standard, sub-standard, doubtful or loss based on delinquency period. The document also discusses provisioning norms required against different asset classifications and factors contributing to rising NPAs. It examines the impact of NPAs on bank operations and various methods used for prevention and resolution of NPAs.
The document provides an overview of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), including its structure, functions, and tools. It discusses that the RBI is wholly owned by the Government of India and overseen by a Central Board of Directors. The key functions of RBI are as a monetary authority, currency issuer, banker to the government and banks, financial system regulator, foreign exchange manager, payment systems regulator, and developmental role. The RBI uses various tools like reserve requirements, open market operations, and policy rates to achieve its monetary policy objectives.
Financial statemet anlysis of co operative bankNeeraj Singh
The document provides an analysis of the financial performance of Cooperative Bank from 2007-2008 to 2010-2011. It includes comparative balance sheets, income statements, trend analysis, and financial ratios like current ratio, liquid ratio, earning per share, dividend per share, net profit ratio, operating profit ratio, and return on net worth. The analysis shows fluctuations in capital, deposits, and profits over the years. Some ratios like current ratio, liquid ratio, and return on net worth declined over time, suggesting areas for improvement like better working capital management and cost control.
This document discusses factor analysis, including defining it as a procedure used for data reduction and summarization. It outlines the key steps in factor analysis like constructing a correlation matrix, determining the number of factors, and rotating and interpreting the factors. Important statistics for factor analysis are also defined, such as Bartlett's Test of Sphericity, communalities, eigenvalues, factor loadings, and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy. The document provides an overview of factor analysis and the process involved.
role of personal value in decision makingNeeraj Singh
This document is a research project submitted to Lovely Professional University on the role of personal values in investment decisions. It includes an introduction discussing key concepts like socially responsible investing, green shares, and ethical investing. It outlines the research methodology used, including the objectives, hypotheses, research design, and data analysis tools. The body of the document presents data analysis and interpretation from a study conducted. It analyzes positive and negative factors influencing investment decisions and uses statistical analysis like factor analysis. It discusses the results and conclusions drawn from the study regarding how personal values impact different types of investment choices.
Seminar: Gender Board Diversity through Ownership NetworksGRAPE
Seminar on gender diversity spillovers through ownership networks at FAME|GRAPE. Presenting novel research. Studies in economics and management using econometrics methods.
Solution Manual For Financial Accounting, 8th Canadian Edition 2024, by Libby...Donc Test
Solution Manual For Financial Accounting, 8th Canadian Edition 2024, by Libby, Hodge, Verified Chapters 1 - 13, Complete Newest Version Solution Manual For Financial Accounting, 8th Canadian Edition by Libby, Hodge, Verified Chapters 1 - 13, Complete Newest Version Solution Manual For Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Pdf Chapters Download Stuvia Solution Manual For Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Solution Manual For Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Pdf Solution Manual For Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Pdf Chapters Download Stuvia Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Pdf Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Pdf Download Stuvia
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...AntoniaOwensDetwiler
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
BONKMILLON Unleashes Its Bonkers Potential on Solana.pdfcoingabbar
Introducing BONKMILLON - The Most Bonkers Meme Coin Yet
Let's be real for a second – the world of meme coins can feel like a bit of a circus at times. Every other day, there's a new token promising to take you "to the moon" or offering some groundbreaking utility that'll change the game forever. But how many of them actually deliver on that hype?
[4:55 p.m.] Bryan Oates
OJPs are becoming a critical resource for policy-makers and researchers who study the labour market. LMIC continues to work with Vicinity Jobs’ data on OJPs, which can be explored in our Canadian Job Trends Dashboard. Valuable insights have been gained through our analysis of OJP data, including LMIC research lead
Suzanne Spiteri’s recent report on improving the quality and accessibility of job postings to reduce employment barriers for neurodivergent people.
Decoding job postings: Improving accessibility for neurodivergent job seekers
Improving the quality and accessibility of job postings is one way to reduce employment barriers for neurodivergent people.
In a tight labour market, job-seekers gain bargaining power and leverage it into greater job quality—at least, that’s the conventional wisdom.
Michael, LMIC Economist, presented findings that reveal a weakened relationship between labour market tightness and job quality indicators following the pandemic. Labour market tightness coincided with growth in real wages for only a portion of workers: those in low-wage jobs requiring little education. Several factors—including labour market composition, worker and employer behaviour, and labour market practices—have contributed to the absence of worker benefits. These will be investigated further in future work.
Abhay Bhutada, the Managing Director of Poonawalla Fincorp Limited, is an accomplished leader with over 15 years of experience in commercial and retail lending. A Qualified Chartered Accountant, he has been pivotal in leveraging technology to enhance financial services. Starting his career at Bank of India, he later founded TAB Capital Limited and co-founded Poonawalla Finance Private Limited, emphasizing digital lending. Under his leadership, Poonawalla Fincorp achieved a 'AAA' credit rating, integrating acquisitions and emphasizing corporate governance. Actively involved in industry forums and CSR initiatives, Abhay has been recognized with awards like "Young Entrepreneur of India 2017" and "40 under 40 Most Influential Leader for 2020-21." Personally, he values mindfulness, enjoys gardening, yoga, and sees every day as an opportunity for growth and improvement.
1. Special EconomicSpecial Economic
Zones (SEZ) in IndiaZones (SEZ) in India
Presented by- Neeraj singhPresented by- Neeraj singh
ChapterChapter
1 SEZ in India
2. Concept and Meaning of SEZConcept and Meaning of SEZ
► India was one of the first in Asia to recognize theIndia was one of the first in Asia to recognize the
effectiveness of the Export Processing Zone (EPZ)effectiveness of the Export Processing Zone (EPZ)
model in promoting exports, with Asia’s first EPZ setmodel in promoting exports, with Asia’s first EPZ set
up in Kandla in 1965.up in Kandla in 1965.
► With a view to overcome the shortcomingsWith a view to overcome the shortcomings
experienced on account of the multiplicity of controlsexperienced on account of the multiplicity of controls
and clearances; absence of world-classand clearances; absence of world-class
infrastructure, and an unstable fiscal regime and withinfrastructure, and an unstable fiscal regime and with
a view to attract larger foreign investments in India,a view to attract larger foreign investments in India,
the Special Economic Zones (SEZs) Policy wasthe Special Economic Zones (SEZs) Policy was
announced in April 2000announced in April 2000
2 SEZ in India
3. Definition of SEZDefinition of SEZ
SEZ in India3
► Special Economic Zone means an area that has been specifiedSpecial Economic Zone means an area that has been specified
as an enclave that is duty free and is treated as a foreignas an enclave that is duty free and is treated as a foreign
territory for various purposes such as tariffs, trade operations,territory for various purposes such as tariffs, trade operations,
and duties.and duties.
► A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) has economic laws that areA Special Economic Zone (SEZ) has economic laws that are
more liberal than a country's typical economic laws.more liberal than a country's typical economic laws.
► The category 'SEZ' covers a broad range of specific zoneThe category 'SEZ' covers a broad range of specific zone
► SEZ includes Free Trade Zones (FTZ), Export ProcessingSEZ includes Free Trade Zones (FTZ), Export Processing
Zones (EPZ), Free Zones (FZ), Industrial Estates (IE), FreeZones (EPZ), Free Zones (FZ), Industrial Estates (IE), Free
Ports, Urban Enterprise Zones and others.Ports, Urban Enterprise Zones and others.
4. History of Special Economic ZonesHistory of Special Economic Zones
► The world first known instance of SEZ have beenThe world first known instance of SEZ have been
found in an industrial park set up in Puerto Rico infound in an industrial park set up in Puerto Rico in
1947. In the 1960s, Ireland and Taiwan followed suit,1947. In the 1960s, Ireland and Taiwan followed suit,
but in the 1980s China made the SEZs gain globalbut in the 1980s China made the SEZs gain global
currency with its largest SEZ being the metropolis ofcurrency with its largest SEZ being the metropolis of
Shenzhen.Shenzhen.
► From 1965 onwards, India experimented with theFrom 1965 onwards, India experimented with the
concept of such units in the form of Export Processingconcept of such units in the form of Export Processing
Zones (EPZ).Zones (EPZ).
► But a revolution came in 2000, when MurlisoneBut a revolution came in 2000, when Murlisone
Maran, then Commerce Minister, made a tour to theMaran, then Commerce Minister, made a tour to the
southern provinces of China. After returning from thesouthern provinces of China. After returning from the
visit, he incorporated the SEZs into the Exim Policy ofvisit, he incorporated the SEZs into the Exim Policy of
India. Five year later, SEZ Act (2005) was alsoIndia. Five year later, SEZ Act (2005) was also
introduced and in 2006 SEZ Rules were formulated.introduced and in 2006 SEZ Rules were formulated.
►
4 SEZ in India
5. objectives of setting upobjectives of setting up SEZ in IndiaSEZ in India
► Generation of additional economic activityGeneration of additional economic activity
► Promotion of exports of goods and servicesPromotion of exports of goods and services
► Promotion of investment from domestic and foreign sourcesPromotion of investment from domestic and foreign sources
► Creation of employmentCreation of employment
► Development of infrastructure facilitiesDevelopment of infrastructure facilities
► Simplified procedures for development, operation, and maintenance ofSimplified procedures for development, operation, and maintenance of
the Special Economic Zones and for setting up units and conductingthe Special Economic Zones and for setting up units and conducting
businessbusiness
► Single window clearance for setting up of a SEZ and an unit in SEZSingle window clearance for setting up of a SEZ and an unit in SEZ
► Single window clearance on matters relating to Central as well as StateSingle window clearance on matters relating to Central as well as State
GovernmentsGovernments
► Easy and simplified compliance procedures and documentations withEasy and simplified compliance procedures and documentations with
stress on self certificationstress on self certification
5 SEZ in India
6. SEZ in IndiaSEZ in India
► Consequent upon the SEZ Rules coming into forceConsequent upon the SEZ Rules coming into force
w.e.f. 10th February, 2006, there are 234 valid formalw.e.f. 10th February, 2006, there are 234 valid formal
approvals and 162 in-principle approvals. Out of theapprovals and 162 in-principle approvals. Out of the
234 formal approvals, notifications have already been234 formal approvals, notifications have already been
issued in respect of 63 SEZs.issued in respect of 63 SEZs.
► Sector wise SEZ approvals in IndiaSector wise SEZ approvals in India
6 SEZ in India
Source: Official website of Ministry of Commerce and Industry , www.sezindia.nic.in
7. SEZ at glance in IndiaSEZ at glance in India
SEZ Act 2005SEZ Act 2005 • Passed by parliament in May 2005Passed by parliament in May 2005
• Recd. Presidential assent on 23rd June 05Recd. Presidential assent on 23rd June 05
• Came into effect on 10th Feb 06 supported by the SEZ RulesCame into effect on 10th Feb 06 supported by the SEZ Rules
No. of valid formal approvalsNo. of valid formal approvals 234234
No. of Notified SEZsNo. of Notified SEZs 100100
No. of formal approvals pendingNo. of formal approvals pending
NotificationNotification
134134
Land requirementLand requirement Ground Realities:Ground Realities:
Total Land in India : 2973190 sq kmTotal Land in India : 2973190 sq km
Total Agri Land in India: 1620388 sq km (54.5%)Total Agri Land in India: 1620388 sq km (54.5%)
SEZs formally approved (234) -350 sq kmSEZs formally approved (234) -350 sq km
In principle approvals(162)- 1400 sq kmIn principle approvals(162)- 1400 sq km
Total Area for proposed SEZs (FA+IP) - 1750 sq kmTotal Area for proposed SEZs (FA+IP) - 1750 sq km
Total SEZ area would not be more than 0.86% of Agri LandTotal SEZ area would not be more than 0.86% of Agri Land
234 Formal Approvals:234 Formal Approvals:
•Approx. 33808 hectaresApprox. 33808 hectares
•Proposals from SIDCs/St. Govt. Agencies: 60Proposals from SIDCs/St. Govt. Agencies: 60
•Land requirement for the 60 proposals: 17800 haLand requirement for the 60 proposals: 17800 ha7 SEZ in India
8. Benefits from SEZsBenefits from SEZs
► Investment of the order of Rs.100,000 crore includingInvestment of the order of Rs.100,000 crore including
FDI of US $ 5-6 billion by the end of December 2007,FDI of US $ 5-6 billion by the end of December 2007,
andand
► 500,000 direct jobs by December 2007.500,000 direct jobs by December 2007.
► At present, 1016 units are in operation in the SEZs,At present, 1016 units are in operation in the SEZs,
providing direct employment to over 1.79 lakhproviding direct employment to over 1.79 lakh
persons; about 40 per cent of whom are women.persons; about 40 per cent of whom are women.
► Exports from the SEZs during the 10-year periodExports from the SEZs during the 10-year period
could touch 352 billion dollars, nearly half of India’scould touch 352 billion dollars, nearly half of India’s
total annual exports, with IT and ITeS SEZstotal annual exports, with IT and ITeS SEZs
contributing 30 per cent at 105 billion dollarscontributing 30 per cent at 105 billion dollars
8 SEZ in India
9. Exports from the functioning SEZsExports from the functioning SEZs
during the last three yearsduring the last three years
SEZ in India9
Source: Official website of Ministry of Commerce and Industry ,
www.sezindia.nic.in
10. Facilities of SEZ in IndiaFacilities of SEZ in India
SEZ in India10
► Exemption on duties on Indian capital goods and inputs are offered as per theExemption on duties on Indian capital goods and inputs are offered as per the
requirements of the approved business activityrequirements of the approved business activity
► Taxes are either exempted or waived and even reimbursed in case they are paidTaxes are either exempted or waived and even reimbursed in case they are paid
in advanced to the concerned authorityin advanced to the concerned authority
► Duty-free imports of spares, raw materials, capital goods, and consumables areDuty-free imports of spares, raw materials, capital goods, and consumables are
offered as per the requirements of the approved business activityoffered as per the requirements of the approved business activity
► Preferential treatment of these units to the Indian market for easy disseminationPreferential treatment of these units to the Indian market for easy dissemination
of their products and / or serviceof their products and / or service
► Rejected commodities (specifically barred commodities cannot be sold) withinRejected commodities (specifically barred commodities cannot be sold) within
an overall limit of 50% may be sold in the domestic tariff area (DTA) on paymentan overall limit of 50% may be sold in the domestic tariff area (DTA) on payment
of respective duties as applicable after proper notification to the Indian customsof respective duties as applicable after proper notification to the Indian customs
authorities. And such sales of commodities in the domestic tariff area shall beauthorities. And such sales of commodities in the domestic tariff area shall be
counted against DTA sale entitlement and sale of such rejected commodities (upcounted against DTA sale entitlement and sale of such rejected commodities (up
to 5% of FOB value of exports) shall not be subject to achievement of NFEto 5% of FOB value of exports) shall not be subject to achievement of NFE
► All EOU / EHTP / STP / BTP units may sell their finished products or servicesAll EOU / EHTP / STP / BTP units may sell their finished products or services
(excluding pepper and pepper products and marble) Units manufacturing(excluding pepper and pepper products and marble) Units manufacturing
electronics hardware and software, the NFE and direct tariff area (DTA) saleelectronics hardware and software, the NFE and direct tariff area (DTA) sale
entitlement shall be judged separately for its hardware and software productsentitlement shall be judged separately for its hardware and software products
► Tax waiver of dividends and profits for repatriates, without any application ofTax waiver of dividends and profits for repatriates, without any application of
repatriation taxrepatriation tax
► Total tax exemption on corporate incomes as per the provisions of Section 10 ATotal tax exemption on corporate incomes as per the provisions of Section 10 A
and 10 B of the Indian Income Tax Actand 10 B of the Indian Income Tax Act
► Easy and automatic acceptance system for use of existing trademarks, brandEasy and automatic acceptance system for use of existing trademarks, brand
names and technological know-hownames and technological know-how
11. Facilities of SEZ in IndiaFacilities of SEZ in India
SEZ in India11
► Facilitated with out-sourcing of subcontract capacities for export production against ordersFacilitated with out-sourcing of subcontract capacities for export production against orders
secured by other SME unitssecured by other SME units
► All SEZ units, (excluding gems and jewelry units) may sell goods up to 50% of FOB valueAll SEZ units, (excluding gems and jewelry units) may sell goods up to 50% of FOB value
of exports subject to fulfillment of positive NFE on payment of concessional duties. Withinof exports subject to fulfillment of positive NFE on payment of concessional duties. Within
the entitlement of domestic tariff area (DTA) sale, the unit may sell in DTA its productsthe entitlement of domestic tariff area (DTA) sale, the unit may sell in DTA its products
similar to the goods, which are exported or expected to be exported from the unitssimilar to the goods, which are exported or expected to be exported from the units
► Facilitated with out-sourcing of subcontract of production or part of production process toFacilitated with out-sourcing of subcontract of production or part of production process to
Indian or any foreign unitsIndian or any foreign units
► Sale to direct tariff agreement is subject to mandatory requirement of registration forSale to direct tariff agreement is subject to mandatory requirement of registration for
pharmaceutical products and inclusive of bulk drugspharmaceutical products and inclusive of bulk drugs
► For Software services units, the sale in the DTA in any mode, including on line dataFor Software services units, the sale in the DTA in any mode, including on line data
communication shall be permitted up to 50% of FOB value of exports and / or 50% ofcommunication shall be permitted up to 50% of FOB value of exports and / or 50% of
foreign exchange earned through exports of such services, where the payment of suchforeign exchange earned through exports of such services, where the payment of such
services offered to its overseas clients, is received in foreign exchangeservices offered to its overseas clients, is received in foreign exchange
► SEZ units associated with manufacturing gems and jewelry may sell up to 10% of FOBSEZ units associated with manufacturing gems and jewelry may sell up to 10% of FOB
value of exports of the preceding year in direct trade agreement and subject to fulfillment ofvalue of exports of the preceding year in direct trade agreement and subject to fulfillment of
positive NFE. Further, in case of sale of plain jewelry, the recipient of such trade shall paypositive NFE. Further, in case of sale of plain jewelry, the recipient of such trade shall pay
concessional rate of duty as applicable. Furthermore, in case of studded jewelry, duty shallconcessional rate of duty as applicable. Furthermore, in case of studded jewelry, duty shall
be payable as recommended and amended from time to timebe payable as recommended and amended from time to time
► Total exemption of duties / taxes on scrap or waste or remnants in case the said crap orTotal exemption of duties / taxes on scrap or waste or remnants in case the said crap or
waste or remnants are destroyed as per the approval of the customs authorities of Indiawaste or remnants are destroyed as per the approval of the customs authorities of India
► If the end products is a by-product and it is included in the LOP, then it may also be sold inIf the end products is a by-product and it is included in the LOP, then it may also be sold in
the direct tariff area, subject to achievement of positive NFE on payment of applicablethe direct tariff area, subject to achievement of positive NFE on payment of applicable
duties within the provisions of such laws. The sale of such by-products by units those areduties within the provisions of such laws. The sale of such by-products by units those are
not entitled to direct tariff area salesnot entitled to direct tariff area sales
► Facilitated with out-sourcing of subcontract capacities for export production against ordersFacilitated with out-sourcing of subcontract capacities for export production against orders
secured by other unitssecured by other units
12. SEZ in India12
The main objectives ofThe main objectives of
the SEZ Act arethe SEZ Act are ::
► Generation of additional economic activity;Generation of additional economic activity;
► Promotion of exports of goods and services;Promotion of exports of goods and services;
► Promotion of investment from domestic andPromotion of investment from domestic and
foreign sources;foreign sources;
► Creation of employment opportunities; andCreation of employment opportunities; and
► Development of infrastructure facilitiesDevelopment of infrastructure facilities
13. SEZ in India13
The salientThe salient
features/provisions of SEZfeatures/provisions of SEZ
RulesRules
► Different minimum land requirement for different class of SEZs;Different minimum land requirement for different class of SEZs;
► Every SEZ is divided into a processing area where alone the SEZEvery SEZ is divided into a processing area where alone the SEZ
units would come up and the non-processing area where theunits would come up and the non-processing area where the
supporting infrastructure is to be created;supporting infrastructure is to be created;
► Simplified procedures for development, operation andSimplified procedures for development, operation and
maintenance of the Special Economic Zones and for setting upmaintenance of the Special Economic Zones and for setting up
units and conducting business in SEZs;units and conducting business in SEZs;
► Single window clearance for setting up of an SEZ;Single window clearance for setting up of an SEZ;
► Single window clearance for setting up a unit in a SpecialSingle window clearance for setting up a unit in a Special
Economic Zones;Economic Zones;
► Single window clearance for matters relating to Central as well asSingle window clearance for matters relating to Central as well as
State Governments;State Governments;
► Simplified compliance procedures and documentation with anSimplified compliance procedures and documentation with an
emphasis on self certification.emphasis on self certification.
14. SEZ ControversySEZ Controversy
SEZ in India14
► In spite of the strong objectives of the IndianIn spite of the strong objectives of the Indian
Government The SEZ policy is in followingGovernment The SEZ policy is in following
controversycontroversy
► Generation of little new activity as there may beGeneration of little new activity as there may be
relocation of industries to take advantage of taxrelocation of industries to take advantage of tax
concessions,concessions,
► Revenue lossRevenue loss ddue to Tax exemption .The Comptrollerue to Tax exemption .The Comptroller
and Auditor General (CAG) of India report estimatesand Auditor General (CAG) of India report estimates
the duty foregone at Rs.8,842 crore in the five yearthe duty foregone at Rs.8,842 crore in the five year
period 2000-01 to 2005-06, while in 2006-07 alone,period 2000-01 to 2005-06, while in 2006-07 alone,
the revenue loss amounted to Rs.2,146 crore as perthe revenue loss amounted to Rs.2,146 crore as per
budget estimatesbudget estimates
► Large-scale land acquisition by the developers, mayLarge-scale land acquisition by the developers, may
lead to displacement of farmers with meagerlead to displacement of farmers with meager
compensation,compensation,
► Acquisition of prime agricultural land, having seriousAcquisition of prime agricultural land, having serious
implications for food security,implications for food security,
Misuse of land by the developers for real estateMisuse of land by the developers for real estate
► Uneven growth aggravating regional inequalities.Uneven growth aggravating regional inequalities.
15. Losses due to SEZ at glanceLosses due to SEZ at glance
SEZ in India15
Revenue lossRevenue loss 1 Lakh Crore( year 2006-2010)1 Lakh Crore( year 2006-2010)
Proposed Direct employmentProposed Direct employment 22,15,667 person( year 2006-2007)22,15,667 person( year 2006-2007)
Actual Direct InvestmentActual Direct Investment 61,015 persons ( year 2006-207)61,015 persons ( year 2006-207)
Proposed indirect employment,Proposed indirect employment, 31,05,300 persons( year 2006-20007)31,05,300 persons( year 2006-20007)
Actual Direct EmploymentActual Direct Employment 1,00,415 persons( year 2006-20007)1,00,415 persons( year 2006-20007)
No Displacement (If all notified SEZ gets approval andNo Displacement (If all notified SEZ gets approval and
acquire land)acquire land)
114,000 farming households (each household on an114,000 farming households (each household on an
average comprise five members) and an additionalaverage comprise five members) and an additional
82,000 farm worker families82,000 farm worker families
total loss of income to the farming and the farm workertotal loss of income to the farming and the farm worker
familiesfamilies
Rs.212 crore per yearRs.212 crore per year
Percentage share of SEZ export in total export of thePercentage share of SEZ export in total export of the
countrycountry
5% in year 2005-065% in year 2005-06
16. SEZs - A global OverviewSEZs - A global Overview
SEZ in India16
► World Bank estimates, as of 2007 there are more than 3,000World Bank estimates, as of 2007 there are more than 3,000
projects taking place in SEZs in 120 countries worldwide.projects taking place in SEZs in 120 countries worldwide.
► The SEZ concept proved a success in China and Poland. InThe SEZ concept proved a success in China and Poland. In
China over 20 per cent of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flowsChina over 20 per cent of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows
into SEZ and generated 10 per cent of exports. Poland's SEZsinto SEZ and generated 10 per cent of exports. Poland's SEZs
received 35 per cent of FDI flows.received 35 per cent of FDI flows.
► Indian must re-design the SEZ policy to suit its needs and notIndian must re-design the SEZ policy to suit its needs and not
borrow the Chinese model.borrow the Chinese model.
► SEZs have been implemented using a variety of institutionalSEZs have been implemented using a variety of institutional
structures across the world ranging from fully publicstructures across the world ranging from fully public
(government operator, government developer, government(government operator, government developer, government
regulator) to 'fully' private (private operator, private developer,regulator) to 'fully' private (private operator, private developer,
public regulator).public regulator).