Seven golden steps in saving lives HAND WASHING By Dr.T.V.Rao MD
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If every Health care worker in Hospitals and Community acts collectively, and wash hands with sincerity the Hospitals shall be clean. And safe ” and many lives can be saved Dr.T.V.Rao MD
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HAND WASHING
A simple way to stay healthy
Hand washing doesn't take much time or effort, but it offers great rewards in terms of preventing illness. Resolve today to adopt this simple habit as a way to help protect your health.
Care of linens, rubber goods,glasswares
This document provides guidance on the care of various items used in hospitals, including linens, rubber goods, and glassware. It outlines the proper cleaning, disinfection, and storage procedures for items like mackintoshes, hot water bags, gloves, test tubes, and thermometers. Maintaining cleanliness and proper care is important to prevent infection spread, remove stains, and prolong the life of these items. Key steps include washing with soap and water, drying completely, and disinfecting or sterilizing depending on the item.
Hand Hygiene..
Ignaz Semmelweis discovered that handwashing with antiseptic solutions could prevent the spread of disease between patients. He observed that women giving birth in clinics where doctors examined corpses first without washing hands had a higher rate of puerperal fever than clinics where this did not occur. Proper hand hygiene, including washing with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rub, is important in medical settings to remove pathogens and prevent transmission of infection between patients and staff. The World Health Organization recommends cleaning hands at five key moments: before touching a patient, before clean procedures, after risk of body fluid exposure, after touching a patient, and after contact with patient surroundings.
Hand washing
This document discusses the importance of hand hygiene in healthcare settings. It states that healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) place a significant disease and economic burden on patients and healthcare systems. The document outlines that hand hygiene, including cleaning hands at the appropriate times and using the proper technique, can prevent the spread of infectious diseases and save lives. It recommends following the "My 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene" approach and notes that compliance is still sub-optimal globally. The document emphasizes that hand hygiene, including washing with soap and water or using alcohol-based handrubs, is the most effective way to reduce infection rates when performed correctly and frequently by healthcare workers.
Tpr procedure in english
THIS PPT EXPLAINS TETANUS IN EASY WAY Important links- NOTES- https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/ youtube channel https://www.youtube.com/c/MYSTUDENTSU... CHANEL PLAYLIST- ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... CHILD HEALTH NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... FIRST AID- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... HCM- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... COMMUNICABLE DISEASES- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... MSN- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... HINDI ONLY- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... ENGLISH ONLY- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... facebook profile- https://www.facebook.com/suresh.kr.lrhs/ FACEBOOK PAGE- https://www.facebook.com/My-Student-S... facebook group NURSING NOTES- https://www.facebook.com/groups/24139... FOR MAKING EASY NOTES YOU CAN ALSO VISIT MY BLOG – BLOGGER- https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/ Instagram- https://www.instagram.com/mystudentsu... Twitter- https://twitter.com/student_system?s=08 #TPR,#FEVER,#PRIMARY, #SECONDARY,#TERTIARY PREVENTION#Prevention_COMMUNICABLE_DISEASES,#breaking_CHAIN_OF_INFECTION,#PORTAL_OF_EXIT, #PORTAL_OF_ENTRY, #AGENT, #HOST, #CASE, #CARRIER, #NIDDCP,#NATIONALHELATHPROGRAM,S#MYSTUDENTSUPPORTSYSTEM, #rashes,#nursingclasses, #communityhealthnursing,#ANM, #GNM, #BSCNURING,#NURSINGSTUDENTS, #WHO,#NURSINGINSTITUTION,#COLLEGEOFNURSING,#nursingofficer,#COMMUNITYHEALTHOFFICER
Vital sign
This document provides information on procedures for assessing and documenting vital signs, including temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure. It describes how to measure each vital sign, normal ranges, factors that can influence readings, and equipment used. Temperature can be taken orally, rectally, axillary or via tympanic membrane. Pulse is assessed by palpation or auscultation. Respiratory rate is observed by chest or abdominal movement. Blood pressure is measured using a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. Vital signs are documented to monitor patients' physiological status and identify changes requiring medical attention.
Hand washing
Hand washing or Hand hygine
1.Hand rub method
2.soap and water method
3.surgical hand washing
4.importance of hand washing
vital signs procedure 10 11 22.pptx
Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure (BP), and oxygen saturation, are measurements that indicate a person’s hemodynamic status. These are the five vital signs most frequently obtained by health care practitioners (Perry, Potter, & Ostendorf, 2014). Vital signs will potentially reveal sudden changes in a patient’s condition and will also measure changes that occur progressively over time. A difference between patients’ normal baseline vital signs and their present vital signs may indicate the need for intervention (Perry et al., 2014). Checklist 15 outlines the steps to take when checking vital signs.
Recommended
HAND WASHING
A simple way to stay healthy
Hand washing doesn't take much time or effort, but it offers great rewards in terms of preventing illness. Resolve today to adopt this simple habit as a way to help protect your health.
Care of linens, rubber goods,glasswares
This document provides guidance on the care of various items used in hospitals, including linens, rubber goods, and glassware. It outlines the proper cleaning, disinfection, and storage procedures for items like mackintoshes, hot water bags, gloves, test tubes, and thermometers. Maintaining cleanliness and proper care is important to prevent infection spread, remove stains, and prolong the life of these items. Key steps include washing with soap and water, drying completely, and disinfecting or sterilizing depending on the item.
Hand Hygiene..
Ignaz Semmelweis discovered that handwashing with antiseptic solutions could prevent the spread of disease between patients. He observed that women giving birth in clinics where doctors examined corpses first without washing hands had a higher rate of puerperal fever than clinics where this did not occur. Proper hand hygiene, including washing with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rub, is important in medical settings to remove pathogens and prevent transmission of infection between patients and staff. The World Health Organization recommends cleaning hands at five key moments: before touching a patient, before clean procedures, after risk of body fluid exposure, after touching a patient, and after contact with patient surroundings.
Hand washing
This document discusses the importance of hand hygiene in healthcare settings. It states that healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) place a significant disease and economic burden on patients and healthcare systems. The document outlines that hand hygiene, including cleaning hands at the appropriate times and using the proper technique, can prevent the spread of infectious diseases and save lives. It recommends following the "My 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene" approach and notes that compliance is still sub-optimal globally. The document emphasizes that hand hygiene, including washing with soap and water or using alcohol-based handrubs, is the most effective way to reduce infection rates when performed correctly and frequently by healthcare workers.
Tpr procedure in english
THIS PPT EXPLAINS TETANUS IN EASY WAY Important links- NOTES- https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/ youtube channel https://www.youtube.com/c/MYSTUDENTSU... CHANEL PLAYLIST- ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... CHILD HEALTH NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... FIRST AID- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... HCM- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... COMMUNICABLE DISEASES- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... MSN- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... HINDI ONLY- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... ENGLISH ONLY- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... facebook profile- https://www.facebook.com/suresh.kr.lrhs/ FACEBOOK PAGE- https://www.facebook.com/My-Student-S... facebook group NURSING NOTES- https://www.facebook.com/groups/24139... FOR MAKING EASY NOTES YOU CAN ALSO VISIT MY BLOG – BLOGGER- https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/ Instagram- https://www.instagram.com/mystudentsu... Twitter- https://twitter.com/student_system?s=08 #TPR,#FEVER,#PRIMARY, #SECONDARY,#TERTIARY PREVENTION#Prevention_COMMUNICABLE_DISEASES,#breaking_CHAIN_OF_INFECTION,#PORTAL_OF_EXIT, #PORTAL_OF_ENTRY, #AGENT, #HOST, #CASE, #CARRIER, #NIDDCP,#NATIONALHELATHPROGRAM,S#MYSTUDENTSUPPORTSYSTEM, #rashes,#nursingclasses, #communityhealthnursing,#ANM, #GNM, #BSCNURING,#NURSINGSTUDENTS, #WHO,#NURSINGINSTITUTION,#COLLEGEOFNURSING,#nursingofficer,#COMMUNITYHEALTHOFFICER
Vital sign
This document provides information on procedures for assessing and documenting vital signs, including temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure. It describes how to measure each vital sign, normal ranges, factors that can influence readings, and equipment used. Temperature can be taken orally, rectally, axillary or via tympanic membrane. Pulse is assessed by palpation or auscultation. Respiratory rate is observed by chest or abdominal movement. Blood pressure is measured using a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. Vital signs are documented to monitor patients' physiological status and identify changes requiring medical attention.
Hand washing
Hand washing or Hand hygine
1.Hand rub method
2.soap and water method
3.surgical hand washing
4.importance of hand washing
vital signs procedure 10 11 22.pptx
Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure (BP), and oxygen saturation, are measurements that indicate a person’s hemodynamic status. These are the five vital signs most frequently obtained by health care practitioners (Perry, Potter, & Ostendorf, 2014). Vital signs will potentially reveal sudden changes in a patient’s condition and will also measure changes that occur progressively over time. A difference between patients’ normal baseline vital signs and their present vital signs may indicate the need for intervention (Perry et al., 2014). Checklist 15 outlines the steps to take when checking vital signs.
Hand hygiene
The document discusses the importance of hand hygiene in healthcare settings for preventing the spread of infections from healthcare workers' hands to patients. It notes that hand hygiene, including proper hand washing and use of alcohol-based hand rub, is the most effective way to reduce transmission of harmful germs. However, compliance with hand hygiene guidelines among healthcare workers remains unacceptably low. The document therefore recommends various strategies and products like alcohol-based hand rub to help improve hand hygiene practices in clinical settings.
Handwashing.
This document provides guidelines for proper hand washing techniques. It emphasizes that hand hygiene is the most important way to prevent the spread of infection. It defines hand washing as vigorously rubbing all surfaces of hands lathered with soap and rinsed with water. It lists the World Health Organization's "Five Moments for Hand Hygiene" which indicate when hand washing should occur. These include before and after contact with patients. It also lists other situations that require hand washing such as before handling medicines or invasive devices. The document describes the steps to properly wash hands with soap and water as well as using alcohol-based hand rubs. It stresses the nurse's responsibility to role model and teach proper hand washing.
Hand washing
This document discusses hand washing in a healthcare setting. It defines hand washing as cleansing hands with soap and water to remove dirt, soil, and microorganisms. The purpose of hand washing is to prevent cross-infection and the spread of disease. Proper hand washing technique involves preparing hands, washing for 40-60 seconds using various motions, rinsing, and drying. There are also different types of hand washing for medical and surgical purposes.
Hand Washing
This document provides information on proper hand hygiene and hand washing techniques. It defines hand hygiene and different types of hand washing. The five main indications for hand hygiene according to the WHO are outlined. Proper hand washing procedure involves 15-30 seconds of lathering and washing hands using friction between fingers and thumbs, followed by thorough rinsing and drying with paper towels from clean to less clean areas. Maintaining short nails and avoiding jewelry helps remove microorganisms and prevent their spread when washing hands.
Basic Role of Nursing in Infection Prevention
This document outlines infection prevention practices for healthcare workers. It describes a training module created for nurses at Travancore Medical College to teach proper sanitization, disinfection, and sterilization procedures. It discusses the three levels of infection control and provides guidelines for standard precautions, personal protective equipment, hand hygiene, cleaning spills, and segregating medical waste. Transmission-based precautions for droplet infections are also covered. The overall document provides a comprehensive overview of basic infection prevention and control for healthcare settings.
Positions
This document describes 10 different positions used for patients: supine, prone, lateral, lithotomy, dorsal recumbent, Fowler's, Sims, Trendelenburg, knee-chest, and orthopneic. Each position is defined, with its purposes, indications, and procedures explained in 1-2 sentences. The positions are used for examinations, procedures, postoperative care, and to promote patient comfort and physiological functions. Proper positioning requires explaining the procedure to the patient, ensuring comfort and safety, and placing pillows or other supports as needed.
Hand washing
This document provides guidelines for proper hand hygiene. It explains that hand hygiene includes handwashing with soap and water, use of alcohol-based hand rub, and surgical antisepsis. Regular hand hygiene is important for removing dirt, transient bacteria, and preventing the spread of infection. The guidelines list 10 situations that require hand hygiene and describe a 14 step procedure for proper handwashing technique, including using friction to clean all hand surfaces thoroughly and drying hands completely. Maintaining clean hands and nails is emphasized.
Standard precautions
This document discusses infection prevention and control in healthcare settings. It provides information on standard precautions like hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment, safe handling of sharps and waste, and cleaning and disinfection. It emphasizes the importance of breaking the chain of infection through these measures to prevent the spread of infections among patients and healthcare workers.
Back care procedure
This document provides instructions for performing back care and massage. It defines back care as cleaning and massaging the back with special attention to pressure points to relax the client. The purposes of back care are listed as improving circulation, refreshing mood, and relieving fatigue, pain, and stress. The procedure outlines the necessary equipment, positioning the client, cleansing and massaging the back using specific movements, and documenting the care.
steam inhalation ppt
Steam inhalation involves inhaling warm, moist air to relieve symptoms of respiratory inflammation and congestion. It works by loosening secretions, relaxing muscles to reduce coughing, and moistening irritated airways. To perform steam inhalation, boil water and add medication like Vicks vaporub. Direct the steam into a tent made from an umbrella and sheet covering the patient, or have them sit near the boiling water. Treatment lasts 30 minutes to an hour twice a day. Burn risks and drafts should be avoided, and extra care taken with children.
Nail care, Fundamentals of Nursing
This document provides information on nail care, including:
1) It defines nail care as trimming nails periodically and keeping them clean through washing to prevent infection, injury, and dirt accumulation.
2) The principles of nail care are that nails should be cut close to the skin, clean nails prevent bacteria growth, and soaking softens nails to prevent breakage.
3) The nail care procedure involves soaking, trimming, filing, and cleaning nails with cotton balls while maintaining cleanliness and the patient's comfort.
Machinery , equipments and linen -gihs
The document discusses various types of materials, equipment, and linen used in hospitals and their care and maintenance. It covers the different categories of equipment including reusable and disposable items. It provides details on the proper cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization techniques for different materials like linen, rubber goods, steel instruments, glass, and plastic items. The document also discusses the care and maintenance of other items like furniture and machinery equipment. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining proper inventory and indent records for materials and ensuring their optimal availability.
Bio Medical Waste Management
This document discusses biomedical waste management. It defines biomedical waste as waste capable of transmitting infectious diseases, including blood, body fluids, and contaminated sharps. It notes that biomedical waste is categorized into infectious sharps, laboratory waste, medical sharps, isolation waste, and some animal waste. The sources of healthcare waste and groups at risk are identified. Key aspects of biomedical waste management include segregation, collection, transportation, storage, and end treatment/disposal.
Bandaging
Bandaging involves covering wounds or injuries to provide support, immobilization, and protection. Common bandage materials include cotton, gauze, and elastic bandages. The appropriate bandage type and size depends on the body part and purpose. Proper bandaging techniques such as padding bony areas and applying pressure evenly without restricting circulation are important to promote healing and prevent further injury. Splints are rigid structures used to immobilize fractures and dislocations by preventing movement at the injury site. Common splints include the Thomas splint for femur fractures and Bohler-Braun splint for skeletal traction of femoral fractures.
BARRIER NURSING.pptx
Barrier nursing techniques aim to protect medical staff and non-infected patients by strictly controlling infection. This involves isolating infectious patients in single rooms with handwashing stations and limiting the number of staff who enter wearing protective gowns and masks. Equipment is either disposable or sterilized before removing from the isolation room. Standard precautions like hand hygiene and gloves are used for all patients, while additional airborne, droplet or contact precautions are used based on the transmission method of the specific infection.
Surgical hand wash
Hand washing is essential to prevent the transmission of infections. Proper hand washing procedures include wetting hands, applying soap, rubbing hands together for 20 seconds, rinsing with water, and drying hands. For surgery, a surgical hand wash is performed which includes washing hands and forearms with an antimicrobial soap, cleaning under fingernails, and scrubbing for 5 minutes. Alcohol-based hand rubs are preferred over soap and water in most situations due to their effectiveness and convenience. Correct hand hygiene is vital both for patient safety and the prevention of spread of antimicrobial resistance.
Vital signs
This document discusses vital signs including temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure. It provides details on normal ranges, methods of measurement, and factors that impact vital signs assessments. Key points include:
- Vital signs reflect physiological status and health condition. Frequency of assessment depends on patient's condition, being more often for critical patients.
- Normal temperature ranges from 36.4-37.6°C depending on measurement site. Methods include glass, electronic, disposable, and tympanic thermometers.
- Pulse is measured at different sites and normal rate is 60-100 bpm. Characteristics like rhythm, strength and irregularities provide clinical information.
- Respiration rate for adults is 14-
BMW ppt
The document defines biomedical waste as any waste generated during diagnosis, treatment, or research involving humans or animals. It outlines the principles of biomedical waste management, which include waste minimization, segregation, collection, treatment, and disposal while ensuring occupational safety and monitoring. The rules in India regarding disposal are described, including the different waste categories and color-coded containers. Proper collection, segregation into infectious and non-infectious waste, and treatment techniques like incineration are discussed as important for safe disposal.
Hospital Admission and Discharge
The document discusses hospital admission and discharge procedures. It defines admission as allowing a client to stay in the hospital for observation, investigations and treatment. Discharge is when a patient leaves the hospital. There are different types of admissions like emergency and elective, and different types of discharges like planned, transfer, absconding, and death.
The roles and responsibilities of nurses during admission include preparing the room, assessing the patient, documenting information, and making the patient comfortable. During discharge, nurses ensure instructions are understood, belongings are returned, documentation is complete, and transportation is arranged. Proper admission and discharge procedures are important for patient safety, continuity of care, and fulfilling legal and nursing principles.
Importance of hand washing.pptx
Research shows that washing hands with soap and water could reduce deaths from diarrheal disease by up to 50%. Researchers estimate that if everyone routinely washed their hands, 1 million deaths a year could be prevented. A large percentage of foodborne disease outbreaks are spread by contaminated hands
World Hand Hygiene Day 5th May
World Hand Hygiene Day takes place annually on May 5th to encourage proper hand hygiene among healthcare workers and the public. Regular hand washing is important to prevent the spread of infections in healthcare settings and elsewhere. The World Health Organization emphasizes that hand hygiene is a simple but effective way to reduce infection risks and combat the spread of antibiotic-resistant germs.
TEACHING HAND HYGIENE by Dr.T.V.Rao MD
The document discusses the importance of hand hygiene in preventing the spread of infections in healthcare settings. It notes that Ignaz Semmelweis in the 1800s first established the link between poor hand hygiene of healthcare workers and the spread of infections in hospitals. The World Health Organization (WHO) developed the "My 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene" guidelines to educate healthcare workers on proper hand hygiene practices. The document emphasizes that hand hygiene is one of the most effective ways to reduce transmission of harmful germs and prevent healthcare-associated infections.
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The document discusses the importance of hand hygiene in healthcare settings for preventing the spread of infections from healthcare workers' hands to patients. It notes that hand hygiene, including proper hand washing and use of alcohol-based hand rub, is the most effective way to reduce transmission of harmful germs. However, compliance with hand hygiene guidelines among healthcare workers remains unacceptably low. The document therefore recommends various strategies and products like alcohol-based hand rub to help improve hand hygiene practices in clinical settings.
Handwashing.
This document provides guidelines for proper hand washing techniques. It emphasizes that hand hygiene is the most important way to prevent the spread of infection. It defines hand washing as vigorously rubbing all surfaces of hands lathered with soap and rinsed with water. It lists the World Health Organization's "Five Moments for Hand Hygiene" which indicate when hand washing should occur. These include before and after contact with patients. It also lists other situations that require hand washing such as before handling medicines or invasive devices. The document describes the steps to properly wash hands with soap and water as well as using alcohol-based hand rubs. It stresses the nurse's responsibility to role model and teach proper hand washing.
Hand washing
This document discusses hand washing in a healthcare setting. It defines hand washing as cleansing hands with soap and water to remove dirt, soil, and microorganisms. The purpose of hand washing is to prevent cross-infection and the spread of disease. Proper hand washing technique involves preparing hands, washing for 40-60 seconds using various motions, rinsing, and drying. There are also different types of hand washing for medical and surgical purposes.
Hand Washing
This document provides information on proper hand hygiene and hand washing techniques. It defines hand hygiene and different types of hand washing. The five main indications for hand hygiene according to the WHO are outlined. Proper hand washing procedure involves 15-30 seconds of lathering and washing hands using friction between fingers and thumbs, followed by thorough rinsing and drying with paper towels from clean to less clean areas. Maintaining short nails and avoiding jewelry helps remove microorganisms and prevent their spread when washing hands.
Basic Role of Nursing in Infection Prevention
This document outlines infection prevention practices for healthcare workers. It describes a training module created for nurses at Travancore Medical College to teach proper sanitization, disinfection, and sterilization procedures. It discusses the three levels of infection control and provides guidelines for standard precautions, personal protective equipment, hand hygiene, cleaning spills, and segregating medical waste. Transmission-based precautions for droplet infections are also covered. The overall document provides a comprehensive overview of basic infection prevention and control for healthcare settings.
Positions
This document describes 10 different positions used for patients: supine, prone, lateral, lithotomy, dorsal recumbent, Fowler's, Sims, Trendelenburg, knee-chest, and orthopneic. Each position is defined, with its purposes, indications, and procedures explained in 1-2 sentences. The positions are used for examinations, procedures, postoperative care, and to promote patient comfort and physiological functions. Proper positioning requires explaining the procedure to the patient, ensuring comfort and safety, and placing pillows or other supports as needed.
Hand washing
This document provides guidelines for proper hand hygiene. It explains that hand hygiene includes handwashing with soap and water, use of alcohol-based hand rub, and surgical antisepsis. Regular hand hygiene is important for removing dirt, transient bacteria, and preventing the spread of infection. The guidelines list 10 situations that require hand hygiene and describe a 14 step procedure for proper handwashing technique, including using friction to clean all hand surfaces thoroughly and drying hands completely. Maintaining clean hands and nails is emphasized.
Standard precautions
This document discusses infection prevention and control in healthcare settings. It provides information on standard precautions like hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment, safe handling of sharps and waste, and cleaning and disinfection. It emphasizes the importance of breaking the chain of infection through these measures to prevent the spread of infections among patients and healthcare workers.
Back care procedure
This document provides instructions for performing back care and massage. It defines back care as cleaning and massaging the back with special attention to pressure points to relax the client. The purposes of back care are listed as improving circulation, refreshing mood, and relieving fatigue, pain, and stress. The procedure outlines the necessary equipment, positioning the client, cleansing and massaging the back using specific movements, and documenting the care.
steam inhalation ppt
Steam inhalation involves inhaling warm, moist air to relieve symptoms of respiratory inflammation and congestion. It works by loosening secretions, relaxing muscles to reduce coughing, and moistening irritated airways. To perform steam inhalation, boil water and add medication like Vicks vaporub. Direct the steam into a tent made from an umbrella and sheet covering the patient, or have them sit near the boiling water. Treatment lasts 30 minutes to an hour twice a day. Burn risks and drafts should be avoided, and extra care taken with children.
Nail care, Fundamentals of Nursing
This document provides information on nail care, including:
1) It defines nail care as trimming nails periodically and keeping them clean through washing to prevent infection, injury, and dirt accumulation.
2) The principles of nail care are that nails should be cut close to the skin, clean nails prevent bacteria growth, and soaking softens nails to prevent breakage.
3) The nail care procedure involves soaking, trimming, filing, and cleaning nails with cotton balls while maintaining cleanliness and the patient's comfort.
Machinery , equipments and linen -gihs
The document discusses various types of materials, equipment, and linen used in hospitals and their care and maintenance. It covers the different categories of equipment including reusable and disposable items. It provides details on the proper cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization techniques for different materials like linen, rubber goods, steel instruments, glass, and plastic items. The document also discusses the care and maintenance of other items like furniture and machinery equipment. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining proper inventory and indent records for materials and ensuring their optimal availability.
Bio Medical Waste Management
This document discusses biomedical waste management. It defines biomedical waste as waste capable of transmitting infectious diseases, including blood, body fluids, and contaminated sharps. It notes that biomedical waste is categorized into infectious sharps, laboratory waste, medical sharps, isolation waste, and some animal waste. The sources of healthcare waste and groups at risk are identified. Key aspects of biomedical waste management include segregation, collection, transportation, storage, and end treatment/disposal.
Bandaging
Bandaging involves covering wounds or injuries to provide support, immobilization, and protection. Common bandage materials include cotton, gauze, and elastic bandages. The appropriate bandage type and size depends on the body part and purpose. Proper bandaging techniques such as padding bony areas and applying pressure evenly without restricting circulation are important to promote healing and prevent further injury. Splints are rigid structures used to immobilize fractures and dislocations by preventing movement at the injury site. Common splints include the Thomas splint for femur fractures and Bohler-Braun splint for skeletal traction of femoral fractures.
BARRIER NURSING.pptx
Barrier nursing techniques aim to protect medical staff and non-infected patients by strictly controlling infection. This involves isolating infectious patients in single rooms with handwashing stations and limiting the number of staff who enter wearing protective gowns and masks. Equipment is either disposable or sterilized before removing from the isolation room. Standard precautions like hand hygiene and gloves are used for all patients, while additional airborne, droplet or contact precautions are used based on the transmission method of the specific infection.
Surgical hand wash
Hand washing is essential to prevent the transmission of infections. Proper hand washing procedures include wetting hands, applying soap, rubbing hands together for 20 seconds, rinsing with water, and drying hands. For surgery, a surgical hand wash is performed which includes washing hands and forearms with an antimicrobial soap, cleaning under fingernails, and scrubbing for 5 minutes. Alcohol-based hand rubs are preferred over soap and water in most situations due to their effectiveness and convenience. Correct hand hygiene is vital both for patient safety and the prevention of spread of antimicrobial resistance.
Vital signs
This document discusses vital signs including temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure. It provides details on normal ranges, methods of measurement, and factors that impact vital signs assessments. Key points include:
- Vital signs reflect physiological status and health condition. Frequency of assessment depends on patient's condition, being more often for critical patients.
- Normal temperature ranges from 36.4-37.6°C depending on measurement site. Methods include glass, electronic, disposable, and tympanic thermometers.
- Pulse is measured at different sites and normal rate is 60-100 bpm. Characteristics like rhythm, strength and irregularities provide clinical information.
- Respiration rate for adults is 14-
BMW ppt
The document defines biomedical waste as any waste generated during diagnosis, treatment, or research involving humans or animals. It outlines the principles of biomedical waste management, which include waste minimization, segregation, collection, treatment, and disposal while ensuring occupational safety and monitoring. The rules in India regarding disposal are described, including the different waste categories and color-coded containers. Proper collection, segregation into infectious and non-infectious waste, and treatment techniques like incineration are discussed as important for safe disposal.
Hospital Admission and Discharge
The document discusses hospital admission and discharge procedures. It defines admission as allowing a client to stay in the hospital for observation, investigations and treatment. Discharge is when a patient leaves the hospital. There are different types of admissions like emergency and elective, and different types of discharges like planned, transfer, absconding, and death.
The roles and responsibilities of nurses during admission include preparing the room, assessing the patient, documenting information, and making the patient comfortable. During discharge, nurses ensure instructions are understood, belongings are returned, documentation is complete, and transportation is arranged. Proper admission and discharge procedures are important for patient safety, continuity of care, and fulfilling legal and nursing principles.
Importance of hand washing.pptx
Research shows that washing hands with soap and water could reduce deaths from diarrheal disease by up to 50%. Researchers estimate that if everyone routinely washed their hands, 1 million deaths a year could be prevented. A large percentage of foodborne disease outbreaks are spread by contaminated hands
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TEACHING HAND HYGIENE by Dr.T.V.Rao MD
The document discusses the importance of hand hygiene in preventing the spread of infections in healthcare settings. It notes that Ignaz Semmelweis in the 1800s first established the link between poor hand hygiene of healthcare workers and the spread of infections in hospitals. The World Health Organization (WHO) developed the "My 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene" guidelines to educate healthcare workers on proper hand hygiene practices. The document emphasizes that hand hygiene is one of the most effective ways to reduce transmission of harmful germs and prevent healthcare-associated infections.
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ANTIBIOTICS AND SUPERBUGS by Dr.T.V.Rao MD
The document discusses the overuse and misuse of antibiotics leading to the rise of superbugs that are resistant to antibiotics. It notes that while antibiotics have been life-saving, their excessive and improper use has allowed bacteria to evolve resistance, making many infections harder or impossible to treat. The document urges judicious antibiotic use, completing full prescriptions, not demanding antibiotics for viral infections, handwashing, and other measures to reduce unnecessary exposure and slow the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
355300654-Health-9-Community-and-Environmental-Health.pptx
This document discusses concepts related to community and environmental health. It defines key terms like health, community, community health, and environmental health according to various organizations. It emphasizes that a healthy community is one with clean air and water, access to healthcare, and participation in identifying local health issues. The document provides activities for students to assess the health of their own community and priorities for improvement.
hand hygiene session.pptx
World Hand Hygiene Day is observed annually on May 5th to promote hand hygiene in healthcare settings. This year marks the 10th anniversary of the WHO Clean Care is Safe Care program. Proper hand hygiene is emphasized as the most important measure to prevent the spread of harmful germs and healthcare-associated infections, which can kill hundreds of millions of patients each year. The WHO encourages healthcare workers and patients to practice hand hygiene at key moments during care to help save lives.
Health graphic organizer
The document discusses factors that influence disease transmission, including environmental factors like sanitation, pollution, and climate, as well as socio-economic factors like cultural practices, living arrangements, and economic conditions. It provides examples of each type of factor, such as floods spreading diseases and cultural practices like families sharing a basin of water. The document was written by Calvin Paul in response to Naomi's message about disease transmission factors.
Module Kevin And Zane
This document discusses proper grooming and proper hand washing. [1] Proper grooming involves dressing with clean, good-looking attire and promotes confidence and self-care. [2] Proper hand washing involves cleansing hands with soap and water to remove dirt and germs, and is especially important for food handlers and medical workers. [3] Regular hand washing promotes health and prevents the spread of illness.
Nutritional assessment
The document discusses the importance of nutrition and personal hygiene for university students. It aims to improve hygiene behaviors and create a healthy environment for students to enhance their quality of life. Educational institutions play a key role in stimulating behavior change and maintaining hygiene habits among students. The document emphasizes disseminating knowledge at the grassroots level through educational institutions. It highlights the issues of malnutrition among hostel-residing university students and stresses the importance of focusing on proper food and diet.
Newsletter #2 -- The Upgrade
Water is a precious resource that is necessary for all life. It makes up over 70% of the human body and is needed for drinking, washing, cooking, and hygiene. However, increasing population growth has led to water scarcity in many areas. The demand for water from industries and agriculture is rising with the population. During summer months, some places experience acute water shortages with empty taps and people fighting for access. To address this, individuals must conserve water by turning off taps when not in use, using less water for bathing, collecting rainwater, and informing others about the problem. Conservation of every drop is important to ensure future water security.
World Tuberculosis Day 2020 It's time to End TB!
World Tuberculosis Day is observed annually on March 24th to raise awareness about tuberculosis. It commemorates the discovery of the tuberculosis bacillus by Robert Koch in 1882. The theme of World TB Day 2020 is "It's Time" to emphasize the urgency of efforts to control tuberculosis, which remains one of the leading infectious killers worldwide. Activities on World TB Day aim to educate the public and strengthen prevention and treatment programs to work towards eliminating the disease.
Short Essay On Crime In Society. Online assignment writing service.
The document provides instructions for creating an account and submitting an assignment request on the website HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with an email and password. 2) Complete a form with assignment details, sources, and deadline. 3) Writers will bid on the request and the customer can choose a writer. 4) The customer receives the paper and can request revisions if needed. 5) HelpWriting.net promises original, high-quality content and refunds for plagiarized work.
Environmental Health and Sanitation
This paper deals with environmental health and sanitation. It outlines the concept of sanitation and environmental health. This paper makes a special note on concept and principles of environmental health in community health promotion and environmental intervention models. This paper examines the human interaction with the environment and its associated factors. This paper concludes with some interesting findings. Lukkumanul Hakkim. S ""Environmental Health and Sanitation"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23107.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/23107/environmental-health-and-sanitation/lukkumanul-hakkim-s
Cleanliness In Good Health
Cleanliness in the barracks is important for health reasons as unsanitary conditions can spread disease, it is also important for upholding Army
standards as Soldiers are responsible for maintaining their living spaces, and cleanliness helps create a positive impression on others as it shows good
personal hygiene habits.
Alwar ki Brij health
This document outlines the plans for Brij Medifest-2017, a month-long public health festival in Alwar and Jaipur, Rajasthan dedicated to healthcare and social issues. The festival will include a 5,000 participant walkathon, free health screenings and medical services, health talks, and panel discussions with high-profile attendees. Detailed information is provided on the event schedule and locations, participant activities, sponsor partnerships, and estimated budget of 45 lakhs for expenses like tents, food, and medical camp operations.
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Dr. T.V. Rao discusses what makes a good lecture. Some key points include:
- A good lecture is well-structured, engaging, and covers the essential material in a clear manner.
- Effective lecturers demonstrate expertise on the topic, use examples to illustrate concepts, and generate interest among students.
- While lecturing remains an important teaching method, especially for large classes, lecturers should aim to actively involve students through questions and other techniques.
- Preparation, clear communication, enthusiasm, and knowledge of the subject matter are hallmarks of successful lecturing. A good lecture facilitates learning while sparking students' curiosity.
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The document discusses antibiotic resistance and the need for antibiotic policies in hospitals. It provides background on the development of antibiotic resistance over time. The key points are:
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NEUROPARASITIC.pptx
The document discusses various parasitic infections that can affect the central nervous system. It covers how parasites can cross the blood-brain barrier and challenges in diagnosing neuroparasitic infections. Common methods include microscopy examination of blood or tissue samples, as well as newer techniques like PCR and antigen detection tests. Specific infections discussed in detail include malaria, toxoplasmosis, and infections caused by free-living amebae. The document emphasizes the importance of integrating clinical signs and laboratory diagnostic methods for accurate diagnosis of neuroparasitic diseases.
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The document discusses the importance of proper specimen management in diagnostic microbiology. It states that specimen management has the most influence on accurate laboratory results and patient outcomes. Proper specimen management is key to accurate diagnosis, reduces errors, and directly impacts patient care and therapeutic decision-making. The document provides guidance on appropriate specimen collection and processing techniques to ensure representative samples and meaningful diagnostic results.
Artificial Intelligence in Controlling Infectious Diseases and Reducing Antim...
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Artificial intelligence shows promise in helping to control infectious diseases and reduce antimicrobial resistance in three key ways:
1) AI can enhance disease surveillance and early detection of outbreaks by integrating diverse data sources to identify patterns.
2) It can help optimize antimicrobial treatment by recommending personalized therapy regimens based on a patient's clinical information.
3) Over time, AI may become an indispensable public health tool by facilitating more accurate intervention strategies and optimizing resource allocation to curb disease spread.Hand hygiene TMC Kollam.pptx by Dr.T.V.Rao MD
1) Hungarian physician Ignaz Semmelweis observed higher mortality rates of women giving birth in the medical student ward compared to the midwife ward in the 1840s.
2) He discovered that the doctors in the medical student ward were coming directly from dissecting corpses to examining women without washing their hands, possibly transmitting infections.
3) Semmelweis mandated that doctors wash their hands with chlorine before examinations, which dramatically reduced the mortality rates in the medical student ward. This provided early evidence that hand hygiene reduces healthcare-associated infections.
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Dr. T.V. Rao discusses causality department practices and environmental safety measures. Proper cleaning and disinfection are top priorities to prevent transmission of infectious agents and protect human safety. Dedicated cleaning practices are especially important when dealing with patients admitted with infectious diseases like diarrhea. Adherence to cleaning protocols and use of appropriate disinfectants can reduce healthcare-associated infections.
BIOSAFETY IN THE HOSPITAL guest by Dr.T.V.Rao MD talk 2.pptx
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Biosecurity and infection control in hospitals aims to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. It includes proper hand hygiene, cleaning and disinfection of surfaces, use of personal protective equipment, and isolation techniques. Ensuring strict adherence to protocols through staff training and environmental monitoring is key to reducing healthcare-associated infections and protecting patients, staff, and the community.reportingresults-in microbiology
This document discusses how microbiologists can improve clinical care through better laboratory reporting. It emphasizes providing accurate, clinically relevant results and clear interpretive comments to aid clinician decision making. Effective communication between the laboratory and clinicians is key. The document also highlights challenges such as information overload, confusion over terminology, and ensuring rapid reporting, especially for ICU patients.
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This document discusses ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), including its definition, risk factors, pathogenesis, prevention strategies, and more. Some key points:
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- Common risk factors for VAP include underlying illnesses, prolonged mechanical ventilation, supine position, and comorbidities like diabetes or heart failure.
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This document discusses hospital-acquired infections and strategies for prevention. It begins by honoring Ignaz Semmelweis, who in the 1800s established that handwashing reduced maternal mortality during childbirth by 90%. The document then discusses the nature and consequences of hospital-acquired infections. Key strategies for prevention discussed include the importance of handwashing, environmental cleaning, immunization, and establishing infection control committees and antibiotic policies. The challenges of drug resistance and maintaining standards with staff turnover are also addressed.
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The document provides information on organizing and operating a bacteriology laboratory. It discusses the importance of the laboratory for hospitals and the roles and basic skills of microbiologists and lab professionals. It covers classifying and identifying common microorganisms like bacteria, examining specimens directly and through staining, culturing specimens using different media, and following sterile technique to prevent contamination. The document emphasizes the need for collecting, transporting, and processing specimens correctly to obtain accurate results and properly diagnose and treat patients.BIOSAFETY IN THE HOSPITAL guest talk 2.pptx
This document discusses biosecurity and biosafety in healthcare settings. It defines biosecurity as a strategic approach to analyzing and managing risks to human, animal, and plant life from infectious diseases. Biosafety refers to measures that reduce exposure to potentially infectious materials. The document outlines various infection control methods used in hospitals including standard precautions, hygiene practices like hand washing, and managing nosocomial infections and needlestick injuries. It emphasizes the importance of education and surveillance to improve patient safety.
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Artificial intelligence has the potential to significantly impact the practice of medicine. It is being used in areas like disease diagnosis using machine learning models, personalized treatment through precision medicine, and providing virtual assistants that can answer patient questions. AI also has benefits such as improving patient safety by reducing errors, lowering healthcare costs, and increasing access to care through tools like chatbots. However, medical professionals need more education on AI applications and their ethical use to ensure they improve patient outcomes.
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The document discusses MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), including what it is, how it develops resistance, types of infections it causes, risk factors, screening and testing methods, and prevention strategies. MRSA is a strain of staph bacteria that is resistant to certain antibiotics like methicillin and oxacillin. Screening high-risk patients and implementing good hand hygiene are effective ways to control the spread of MRSA infections in healthcare settings.
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This document discusses the history and methods of sterilization and disinfection. It begins with a brief history of sterilization dating back to the invention of the autoclave in 1862. It then covers terminology related to sterilization and discusses various sterilization methods including physical methods like heat, filtration, and irradiation as well as chemical methods. Factors that influence the efficacy of sterilization methods are also examined. The document provides an overview of the development and principles of sterilization.
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This document discusses antimicrobial stewardship and the importance of appropriate antibiotic usage. It notes that nearly half of hospitalized patients receive antimicrobial agents. However, there has been misuse of antibiotics through treating trivial infections, commercial pressures, and a lack of understanding of antibiotic principles. This has led to a rise in antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The document advocates for antimicrobial stewardship programs in hospitals to optimize clinical outcomes while reducing unintended consequences of antibiotic usage like toxicity, resistance, and costs. Such programs involve formulary restrictions, guidelines, education, and prospective audits to ensure appropriate antibiotic selection and usage.
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Cephalosporins are a class of antibiotics derived from the fungus Cephalosporium. The first generation was introduced in 1964 and provided activity against gram-positive cocci. Subsequent generations have increasingly broader coverage of gram-negative organisms. Mechanisms of resistance include beta-lactamase production and changes to penicillin-binding proteins. Later generations are used for serious hospital-acquired infections and as drugs of last resort for pathogens like Salmonella.
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Coxsackieviruses were discovered in 1948-49 in Albany, New York and were named after the town of Coxsackie where samples were originally obtained. They belong to the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus which also includes poliovirus and echovirus. Coxsackieviruses are divided into two groups - A and B - based on their pathogenicity in mice. Group A causes myositis while Group B causes muscle and neuronal tissue damage. Common diseases include hand-foot-and-mouth disease, herpangina, and myocarditis. Transmission is usually via the fecal-oral route. While there is no vaccine, treatment involves rest, fluids, and
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The Electrocardiogram - Physiologic Principles
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
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3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
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Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
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Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
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Seven golden steps in saving lives HAND WASHING By Dr.T.V.Rao MD
- 1. Seven Golden Steps in Saving Lives HAND WASHING Dr.T.V.Rao MD 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 2. 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 3. WHY? Hand Washing • Thousands of people die every day around the world from infections acquired while receiving health care. Hands are the main pathways of germ transmission during health care 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 4. Hand Washing continues to be Most Important act in Saving Lives • Hand hygiene is therefore the most important measure to avoid the transmission of harmful germs and prevent health care-associated infections.3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 5. 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 6. 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 7. Step 1 - Wet your hands and apply Enough soap 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 8. Step 2 - Rub your palms together. 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 9. Step 3 - Rub the back of each hand 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 10. Step 4 - Rub both your hands while interlocking your fingers 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 11. Step 5 Rub the tips of your fingers. 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 12. Step 6 - Rub your thumbs and the ends of your wrists. 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 13. Step 7 - Rinse both hands properly with water. 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 14. And finally dry with a clean towel/disposable tissue paper. • We all Can save many lives with simple steps are we doing with sincerity and dedication • Dr.T.V.Rao MD • Email • doctortvrao@gmail.com 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives
- 15. Hand washing Saves lives • If every Health care worker in Hospitals and Community acts collectively, and wash hands with sincerity the Hospitals shall be clean. And safe ” and many lives can be saved • Dr.T.V.Rao MD 3/3/2019 Dr.T.V.Rao MD @ Seven steps to save lives