Source: Internet

1. SERVICE CORE
PRESENTED BY
ADUITI SHARMA
H.V. MAHALAKSHMI

2. INDEX
1. STAIRCASES…………………………………………………………………………..
2. ELEVATORS……………………………………………………………………………
3. UTILITY DUCTS………………………………………………………………………
4. FINISHES………………………………………………………………………………..
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3. STAIRCASE
DOORWAYS:
• Shall open into an enclosed stairways or a horizontal exit providing protected means of an egress.
• Shall not be less than 1000 mm in width, except in assembly buildings where it should not be less than
2000 mm in width. Shall not be less than 2000 mm in height.
INTERNAL FIRE STAIRS:
• Shall be composed of non-combustible
materials throughout.
• It should open to the exterior of the building on
the ground floor.
• They shall be of enclosed type; shall not be
arranged around a lift shaft.
• Minimum flight width = 1000 mm , maximum
flight width = 2000 mm
• minimum tread = 250 mm, maximum riser =
190 mm, minimum head room = 2200 mm
• Maximum travel distance : 30 m
• For fully sprinkled building, the travel distance
may be increased by 50 percent of the values
specified
PRESSURIZATION:
The establishment of a pressure difference across a
barrier to protect a stairway, lobby, escape route or
room of a building from smoke penetration.
Pressurization Level
(a) When in operation, the pressurization system
shall maintain a pressure differential of not less than
50 pa between the pressurized exit staircase and the
occupied area when all doors are closed.
(b) Where a pressurization system is extended to
the smoke stop lobby, the pressure gradient shall be
such that the pressure at the exit staircase shall
always be higher.
(c) The force required to open any door against the
combined resistance of the pressurizing air and the
automatic door closing mechanism shall not exceed
110 N at the door handle.
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4. STAIRCASE
• Where the smoke stop lobby is pressurized, the pressure gradient shall be such that the pressure at
the exit staircase is always higher.
2

5. STAIRCASE
• The above installation is not acceptable as over
pressurization would occur at the upper portion
of the staircase. Supply air to the staircase should
be well distributed by a vertical supply duct,
preferably serving all the levels of the staircase.
An example of an arrangement showing good
distribution of supply air can be seen in the
above diagram.
The pressurization system shall be
automatically activated by the
building fire alarm system. In
addition, a remote manual start-stop
switch shall be made available to
firemen at the fire command center,
or at the fire indicating board where
there is no fire command center.
Visual indication of the operation
status of the pressurization system
shall be provided 3

6. STAIRCASE
SYSTEM AIR PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM:
Principle
New ideas and ways to overcome physical law. The air fl ow at the open door to the fi re room must be kept
at 0.75 or 2 m/s. If the entrance door is open for escape, a large amount of air is led out of the stairway. This
air volume must be replenished additionally. Airfl ow reduction allows the selection of a smaller sized fan
and especially smaller ducting. This enables cost reduction and space saving. 4

7. ELEVATORS
ELEVATORS:
Elevators are devices that move people and goods
vertically within a dedicated shaft that connects the
floors of a building. They became commonplace in
the 1850s as steel and iron structural frames allowed
taller construction; however it was Elisha Otis's
safety mechanism that prevented the car from falling
that made elevators popular.
FIRE LIFT :
One fire lift per 1200 sq m floor area shall be
provided. Area of lift > 1.4 sq m loading capacity >
545 kg (8 people) Should have a ceiling hatch
Lift close to the fire exit door can be used as
Fireman’s Lift
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8. ELEVATORS
6

9. ELEVATORS
TYPES OF ELEVATORS:
 HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS:
Hydraulic elevators are supported by a piston at the bottom of the elevator that
pushes the elevator up as an electric motor forces oil or another hydraulic fluid
into the piston. The elevator descends as a valve releases the fluid from the
piston. They are used for low-rise applications of 2-8 stories and travel at a
maximum speed of 200 feet per minute. The machine room for hydraulic
elevators is located at the lowest level adjacent to the elevator shaft.
 GEARED AND GEARLESS TRACTION ELEVATORS WITH MACHINE
ROOM
Traction elevators are lifted by ropes, which pass over a wheel attached to an
electric motor above the elevator shaft. They are used for mid and high-rise
applications and have much higher travel speeds than hydraulic elevators. A
counter weight makes the elevators more efficient by offsetting the weight of the
car and occupants so that the motor doesn't have to move as much weight.
Geared Traction Elevatorshave a gearbox that is attached to the motor, which
drives the wheel that moves the ropes. Geared traction elevators are capable of
travel speeds up to 500 feet per minute. The maximum travel distance for a
geared traction elevator is around 250 feet.
Gear-less Traction Elevators have the wheel attached directly to the
motor. Gear-less traction elevators are capable of speeds up to 2,000 feet per
minute and they have a maximum travel distance of around 2,000 feet so they
are the only choice for high-rise applications.
Traction elevators have height restrictions that are governed by the length and
weight of the cables or ropes. New materials that are stronger and lighter, such
as carbon fiber, will allow traction elevators to achieve new heights.
• Machine-Room-Less Elevators are traction elevators that do not have a
dedicated machine room above the elevator shaft. The machine sits in the
override space and is accessed from the top of the elevator cab when
maintenance or repairs are required. The control boxes are located in a control
room that is adjacent to the elevator shaft on the highest landing and within
around 150 feet of the machine.
• Machine-room-less elevators have a maximum travel distance of up to 250 feet
and can travel at speeds up to 500 feet-per-minute. MRL elevators are
comparable to geared traction elevators in terms of initial and maintenance
costs, but they have relatively low energy consumption compared to geared
elevators.
• Machine-room-less elevators are becoming the most popular choice for mid-
rise buildings where the travel distance is up to 250 feet. They are energy
efficient, require less space, and their operation and reliability are on par with
gear-less traction elevators.
 MACHINE-ROOM-LESS (MRL) ELEVATORS
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10. ELEVATORS
MARKET EXAMPLES:
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11. UTILITY DUCTS
GARBAGE CHUTE
Garbage chute systems are a highly practical , simple
and cost - effective solution for handling domestic
garbage in low and high - rise buildings ; they are
suitable for both indoor and outdoor installation and
are normally incorporated in the building
construction phase , however , they can also be
retrofitted in sophisticating the garbage disposal
system of the building.
Garbage chutes are available in the following
diameters as standard: 450 mm ; 500 mm ; 550 mm ;
600 mm ; 700 mm ; 800 mm. Other diameters
available are optional.
Technical specification
LINEN GARBAGE CHUTE
MATERIALS
GALVANISED IRON GARBAGE CHUTE
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12. UTILITY DUCTS
GARBAGE CHUTE DRAWINGS
PLAN
SECTION
ELEVATION 10

13. UTILITY DUCTS
DUMB WAITERS
A dumbwaiter is a small freight elevator (or lift) intended to carry
objects rather than people. Dumbwaiters found within modern
structures, including both commercial, public and private
buildings, are often connected between multiple floors. When
installed in restaurants, schools, kindergartens, hospitals,
retirement homes or in private homes, the lifts generally
terminate in a kitchen.
A simple dumbwaiter is a movable frame in a shaft, dropped by a
rope on a pulley, guided by rails; most dumbwaiters have a shaft,
cart, and capacity smaller than those of passenger elevators,
usually 45 to 450 kg (100 to 1000 lbs.)[2] Before electric motors
were added in the 1920s, dumbwaiters were controlled manually
by ropes on pulleys
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14. FINISHES
LIFT PIT WATERPROOFING:
Standard Waterproofing detail
The standard types of waterproofing systems available and used in ‘new
build’ are
· Self adhesive bitumen sheet type membranes
· Glass fiber reinforced pit liners
· Cement based render systems
DR. FIXIT WATERPROOFING OF LIFT PITS:
Methodology
1. SURFACE PREPARATION
• Before applying the waterproofing membrane, clean the surface for any debris, etc. Remove all
surface imperfections, protrusions, structurally unsound and loose concrete, and repair with polymer
modified mortar using Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP.
• Where separate concrete layers are poured at different levels, fill and smoothen the gaps to obtain a
comparatively smoother surface.
• When cleaning the substrate, remove any pollutants - such as chemicals, curing agents, etc. - which
may affect then membrane adhesion.
• Angle fillets with a polymer modified mortar of the measurements 1 inch x 1 inch.
2. APPLICATION
• Apply three coats of Dr. Fixit Solyseal to the inside area of the lift pit to a total thickness of 2 mm.
Leave this to be air-cured.
• On the inside corners, over the angle fillets, place a glass fibre mesh measuring 2 mm x 2 mm as a
reinforcement over the first coat of Dr. Fixit Solyseal, while it is still wet. Subsequently the next two
coats can be applied after the previous coat is touch-dry.
• Place a protection board of 4 mm thickness to protect it from damages at the site and the installation
of the lift car.
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15. FINISHES
SHAFTS INTERNAL FINISHES
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16. FINISHES
SHAFTS INTERNAL FINISHES
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