1. L I F T S
CATEGORY - RESIDENTIAL LIFTS
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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
2. HISTORY
• The first reference to an elevator
is in the works of the Roman
architect Vitruvius, who reported
that Archimedes (c. 287 BC – c.
212 BC) built his first elevator
probably in 236 BC.
• In some literary sources of later
historical periods, elevators were
mentioned as cabs on a hemp
rope and powered by hand or by
animals.
• It is supposed that elevators of
this type were installed in the
Sinai monastery of Egypt.
• In 1853, American inventor Elisha
Otis demonstrated a freight
elevator equipped with a safety
device to prevent falling in case a
supporting cable should break
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3. LIFT / ELEVATOR
• An elevator is a type of vertical transport equipment that
efficiently moves people or goods between floors (levels,
decks) of a building, vessel or other structures.
• Elevators are generally powered by electric motors that
either drive traction cables or counterweight systems like a
hoist, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical piston like
a jack.
• The need for vertical transport is as old as civilization.
• Over the centuries, mankind has employed ingenious
forms of lifting. The earliest lifts used man, animal and
water power to raise the load.
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6. TRACTION ELEVATOR
• A modern day elevator consists of a cab (also called a "cage" or
"car") mounted on a platform within an enclosed space called a
shaft or sometimes a "hoist way".
• In a "traction" elevator, cars are pulled up by means of rolling
steel ropes over a deeply grooved pulley, commonly called a
sheave in the industry.
• The weight of the car is balanced by a counterweight.
• Sometimes elevators lifts always move synchronously in
opposite directions, and they are each other's counterweight.
• The friction between the ropes and the pulley furnishes the
traction which gives this type of lift its name. 6
8. TRACTION SYSTEM
• The traction elevator system is the most popular grace to its
flexibility.
• The traction machine is of two types: geared and gearless.
• The geared machine is composed of 2 parts: the gear box and
the electric motor.
• The machinery location may be at the overhead or basement of
hoist way.
• The evolution in the lift technology in the 90's allow the building
owner to install his elevator without machine room, called MRL
(Machine Room Less).
• For high speed elevator in high-rise building, only traction
system can achieve the task. 8
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MACHINE ROOM LESS
(M.R.L)
Machine-room-less elevators include machinery and equipment into
the hoistway or closets, doing away the need for a separate machine
room. Designed for buildings between two and 30 stories, this system
employs a smaller sheave than conventional geared and gearless
elevators. The reduced sheave size, together with a redesigned
machine, allows the machine to be mounted within the hoistway
itself—eliminating the need for a bulky machine room on the roof.
The machine–room-less elevator is the result of technological
advancements that often allow a significant reduction in the size of
the electric motors used with traction equipment. These newly
designed permanent magnet motors (PMM) allow the manufacturers
to locate the machines in the hoistway overhead, thus eliminating the
need for a machine room over the hoistway.
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•THE TRADITIONAL ROPES WRAPS STEEL CORDS AROUND A FLEXIBLE CORE
•THE NEW FLAT BELT WRAPS A FLEXIBLE POLYRUTHANE COATING AROUND
STEEL CORDS
•WHICH ALLOWS A SMALLER SHEAVE CORE DIAMETER
MAKING IT POSSIBLE FOR A MORE
COMPACT ELEVATORE SYSTEM
WITHOUT A MACHINE ROOM
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BENEFITS OF
M.R.L
1. Gearless permanent magnet machine
2. 1 m/s to 1.6m/s speed range
3. 10 to 16 passenger load range (680 - 1088kg)
4. Smooth ride (first class roller shoe suspension)
5. Cabin finishes to choice
6. Versatile landing and car door configurations
7. Fast installation methods and time saving.
8. No machine room, No ventilation problems, No vision windows etc.
9. Earthquake friendly with jigged guiding
10. Shallow pits etc
11. Small control cabinet on upper level
12. Time and Money-Saving Benefits-Long life cycle, Low running cost, Easy
installation and service Cost-efficient elevator application
13. Totally integrated system for greater reliability
20. HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS
• Hydraulic elevators are elevators
which are powered by a piston that
travels inside a cylinder. An electric
motor pumps oil into the cylinder to
move the piston. The piston smoothly
lifts the elevator cab. Electrical valves
control the release of the oil for a
gentle descent.
• Hydraulic elevators are used
extensively in buildings up to five or
six stories high. These elevators,
which can operate at speeds up to 46
meters (150 ft) per minute, do not
use the large overhead hoisting
machinery the way geared and
gearless traction systems do.
• There are three types of hydraulic
elevator; holed hydraulic, hole less
hydraulic and roped hydraulic.
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21. TYPES OF HYDRAULIC LIFTS
• Holed hydraulic
With holed hydraulic systems, the elevator car is mounted on a piston that travels
inside a cylinder. The cylinder extends into the ground to a depth equal to the height
the elevator will rise. As hydraulic fluid is pumped into the cylinder through a valve, the
car rises. As the fluid returns to the reservoir, the car descends.
• Hole-less hydraulic
Hole-less hydraulic consists of pistons mounted inside the hoist way to raise and lower
the car. This is especially a solution for buildings built in bedrock, a high water table or
unstable soil conditions locations that can make digging the hole required for a
conventional hydraulic elevator impractical. Hole-less hydraulic systems use a direct-
acting piston to raise the car.
• Roped hydraulic
Roped hydraulic elevator extends the rise of the hole-less elevator to 18 meters (60 ft),
without the need for a belowground cylinder. Roped hydraulic elevator systems have
the piston attached to a sheave which has a rope passing through it. One end is
attached to the car while the other is secured at the bottom of the hoist way. Also,
roped hydraulic systems require governor because the rope is holding the car up, not
the piston.
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CASE STUDY
BUILDING NAME : E W - 08
SOCIETY NAME : EVERSHINE WOODS
LOCALITY NAME : KANAKIA
AREA NAME : MIRA ROAD (EAST)
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VASTU FOR LIFTS
▪ Constructing lift or elevator in a building is a trend as well as
necessity now days, as with the coming up of apartments and
multi-storey homes lift is important to incorporate. Vastu
provide some significant rules regarding the construction,
location and placement of lift in a building.
✔ Vastu recommends proposing lift North or East and
exact North-east corner must be avoided.
✔ Lift should not come directly in the front of main door
or entrance door.
✔ South and West direction is also fine for placing lift while
avoid South-west corner must be avoided.
✔ Avoid mirror in the lift
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STAIR LIFTS
▪ For people who think that incorporating residential elevators in their
homes requires a lot of financial investment, stair lifts is an affordable
and appropriate option for them.
▪ Stair lifts are convenient for people who are suffering from arthritis or
Alzheimer's disease. They are equipment which are meant for carrying a
person up and down the staircases.
▪ Such sets include a metal track which can directly be attached to the
staircase, and a car on which the individual sits, that goes up and down
the stairs.
▪ In some cases, a 'perch' is used, which is a small platform on which the
person stands.
▪ Stair lifts can only be best used on a straight stairway.
▪ In the case of a curved stairway, residential elevators are the best
alternative. They can be incorporated much sooner than curved
stairway lifts.
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▪ If they are
installed, they
would surely add
value to your
home, which will
in turn appreciate
the price of your
house, if you
decide to sell it in
future.
▪ A curved stairway
lift won't have
much resale value
as it would only be
used on an
identical staircase.
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NEW TRENDS
ENVIRONMENTAL "GREEN" ELEVATORS
▪ An environment-friendly residential elevator from DAY can help
you save space, time and money.
▪ The Volant and Destiny Gearless elevators feature the latest in
gearless motor technology that can reduce energy
consumption.
▪ These green residential elevators come with a range of
environment-friendly features that can save home-owners up
to 30% or more on their energy costs.
✔ Gearless drive system does not require a machine room
✔ Low overhead clearance and pit requirements save space
✔ Quiet, whisper-soft operation with smooth start and stop
✔ Minimal equipment to set up
✔ Energy-efficient halogen lighting
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▪ No gearing eliminates the need for lubricants that hydraulic
elevators require to ensure smooth operation and also avoids oil
leaks that can pollute the environment
▪ These home elevators can also be made to seamlessly blend with
your interior as they come with a variety of options for handrail and
car gate finish besides stylish choices for car interiors such as
melamine, wood veneer, raised panel hardwood or inset wood
panels.
