Ultrasonic sensors can reliably detect objects and measure level with millimeter precision under almost all conditions. Passive infrared (PIR) sensors detect infrared light from objects to trigger motion detectors. Temperature sensors like the TMP36 provide a voltage output linearly proportional to temperature in degrees Celsius without external calibration.

1. TYPES OF SENSORS
By Ebin Robinson
AS Level

2. What is a Sensor?
 A sensor is a device that detects the changes
in electrical or physical or other quantities
and thereby produces an output based on the
pre-set values entered or the current
conditions.

3. Ultrasonic sensor

4.  In industrial applications, ultrasonic sensors are
characterized by their reliability and outstanding
versatility. Ultrasonic sensors can be used to solve
even the most complex tasks
involving object detection or level
measurment with millimeter precision, because
their measuring method works reliably under
almost all conditions.

5.  A passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an
electronic sensor that measures infrared (IR)
light radiating from objects in its field of view.
They are most often used in PIR-based
motion detectors.
PIR sensor

6. Temperature sensor

7.  TheTMP36 is a low voltage, precision centigrade
temperature sensor. It provides a voltage output
that is linearly proportional to the Celsius
temperature. It also doesn’t require any external
calibration to provide typical accuracies of ±1°C at
+25°C and ±2°C over the −40°C to +125°C
temperature range.We like it because it’s so easy to
use: Just give the device a ground and ethernet port
to screen for reading and read the voltage on the
Vout pin.The output voltage can be converted to
temperature easily using the scale factor of 10
mV/°C.

8. Speed sensor
 Speed sensors are machines used to detect the
speed of an object, usually a transport vehicle

9. Blind spot
monitor
 A blind spot monitor is a vehicle-
based senso device that detects other vehicles
located to the driver’s side and rear.Warnings
can bevisual, audible, vibrating.
 It can also include “cross trafic alerts”.

10. Radar gun
 A radar speed gun is a device used to
measure the speed of moving objects. It is
used in law-enforcement to measure the
speed of moving vehicles and is often used in
professional spectator sport, for things such
as the measurement of bowling speeds in
cricket, speed of pitched baseballs, athletes
and tennis serves.
 A radar speed gun is a Doppler radar unit that
may be hand-held, vehicle-mounted or static.
It measures the speed of the objects at which
it is pointed by detecting a change in
frequency of the returned radar signal caused
by the Doppler effect, whereby the frequency
of the returned signal is increased in
proportion to the object's speed of approach
if the object is approaching, and lowered if
the object is receding.

11. Water sensor
 TheWater in Fuel Sensor orWiF sensor indicates
the presence of water in the fuel. It is installed in
the fuel filter and when the water level in the
water separator reaches the warning level, the
Wif sends an electrical signal to the ECU or to
dashboard (lamp).TheWiF is used especially in
the Common Rail engines to avoid
the Fuelinjector damage.

12. Oxygen sensor
 An oxygen sensor (or lambda sensor) is an electronic device
that measures the proportion of oxygen (O2) in the gas or
liquid being analysed.
 It was developed by the Robert Bosch GmbH company
during the late 1960s under the supervision of Dr. Günter
Bauman.The original sensing element is made with a
thimble-shaped zirconia ceramic coated on both the
exhaust and reference sides with a thin layer
of platinum and comes in both heated and unheated forms.
The planar-style sensor entered the market in 1990, and
significantly reduced the mass of the ceramic sensing
element as well as incorporating the heater within the
ceramic structure.This resulted in a sensor that started
sooner and responded faster.

14. Gyroscope
 A gyroscope is a spinning wheel or disc in which
the axis of rotation is free to assume any
orientation.When rotating, the orientation of
this axis is unaffected by tilting or rotation of the
mounting, according to the conservation of
angular momentum. Because of this,
gyroscopes are useful for measuring or
maintaining orientation.

15. MRI
 Magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI), nuclear magnetic
resonance imaging (NMRI),
or magnetic resonance
tomography(MRT) is a medical
imaging technique used
in radiology to investigate
the anatomy and physiology of the
body in both health and disease.
MRI scanners use magnetic
fields and radio waves to form
images of the body.The technique
is widely used in hospitals for
medical diagnosis, staging of
disease and follow-up without
exposure to ionizing radiation.

16. Thank you…