Linux Systems Programming: Semaphores, Shared Memory, and Message Queues
SEMINAR PRESENTATI.pptx
1. LARGE SCALE POWER GENERATION USING
FUEL CELL
PRESENTED BY:
GULSHAN KUMAR
B.TECH, 3rd YEAR
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
ROLL NO.: 2020031066
Department of Electrical Engineering
Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur(UP)
Presentation on…
2. CONTENTS
1. AVAILABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY
2. WHAT ARE FUEL CELLS?
3. PRINCIPLE OF FUEL CELLS
4. PARTS OF FUEL CELLS
5. FUEL CELL OPERATION
6. HOW ACTUALLY FUEL CELL WORK
7. EQUATION
8. FUEL CELL STACK
9. TYPES OF FUEL CELLS
10.PEM FUEL CELL SCHEMATIC
11.APPLICATIONS OF HYDROGEN FUEL CELL
12.FUEL CELL CAR
13.FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS IN INDIA
14.ADVANTAGES OF FUEL CELLS
15.DISADVANTAGES OF FUEL CELLS
16.CONCLUSION…
5. WHAT ARE FUEL CELLS?
A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that
converts the chemical energy of a fuel
(often hydrogen) and an oxidizing
agent (often oxygen) into electricity through
a pair of redox reactions.
6. Fuel cell consists of electrodes, electrolyte &
catalyst to facilitate the electrochemical
redox reaction.
The basic arrangement in a fuel cell can be
represented as follows:
Fuel Electrode Electrolyte Electrode Oxidant
7. • Anode
– Negative post of the fuel cell.
– Materials which have high electron conductivity & zero proton
conductivity .
• Cathode
– Positive post of the fuel cell.
– Have high electron conductivity & zero proton conductivity.
• Electrolyte
– Proton exchange membrane.
– Specially treated material, only conducts positively charged ions.
– Membrane blocks electrons.
• Catalyst
– Special material that facilitates reaction of oxygen and hydrogen
– Usually platinum powder very thinly coated onto carbon paper or
cloth.
8. Pressurized hydrogen gas (H2) enters cell on anode side.
Gas is forced through catalyst by pressure.
◦ When H2 molecule comes contacts platinum catalyst, it
splits into two H+ ions and two electrons (e-).
Electrons are conducted through the anode
◦ Make their way through the external circuit (doing
useful work such as turning a motor) and return to
the cathode side of the fuel cell.
On the cathode side, oxygen gas (O2) is forced through the
catalyst
◦ Forms two oxygen atoms, each with a strong negative
charge.
◦ Negative charge attracts the two H+
ions through the membrane,
◦ Combine with an oxygen atom and two
electrons from the
17. Shops in Malls and Underground bazaars
1 to 3 kW systems / around 1,00,000
Small Business Establishments
5-10 kW systems / 50,000
Entertainment Industry
25-50 kW systems / 500 to 1,000
Hotels, restaurants & Resorts
100-200 kW systems / up to 500 units
Hospitals
200-500 kW systems / up to 200 units
Residential Complexes
50-200 kW systems / 30,000 to 50,000
FUEL CELLS APPLICATIONS
IN INDIA
18. 220-kW hybrid system with a Solid
Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) generator and
a down- stream micro-turbine
SOFC stack
19. 1. High efficiency
(approaching 70%
)
of energy conversion
from chemical energy to
electrical energy.
2. Low noise pollution & low thermal pollution.
3. Fuel cell power can reduce expensive
transmission lines & minimize transmission loses
for a disturbed system.
4. Saves fossil fuels.
5. Fuel cells are less polluting. Mostly the
byproducts are water & waste heat, which are
environmentally acceptable .
20. 6. Hydrogen- Oxygen fuel cells produce drinking
water of potable quality.
7. Low maintenance cost.
8. Fuel cells automotive batteries can render
electric vehicles, efficient & refillable.
21. High initial cost.
Life times of the cells are not accurately
known.
Large weight and volume of gas fuel storage
system.
High cost of pure hydrogen.
Pure hydrogen is difficult to handle.
Hydrogen often created using “dirty” energy
(e.g.,
coal)
22. Fuel cells have many advantages over conventional power
generating equipment: high efficiency, low emissions, flexibility,
high reliability, low maintenance, and multi-fuel capability.
Because of their efficiency and environmental advantages, fuel
cell technologies are viewed as an attractive 21st century solution
to energy problems.
