Laser ignition is an alternative method for igniting compressed gaseous mixture of fuel and air. The method is based on laser devices that produce short but powerful flashes regardless of the pressure in the combustion chamber

1. A PRESENTATION ON
PRESENTED BY , GUIDED BY ,
for Internal Combustion Engines

2.  A Laser Is A Device Which Is Built On The Principles Of Quantum
Mechanics To Create A Beam Of Light Where All Of The Photons Are In
Coherent State Usually With The Same Frequency And Phase.
 Lasers Provide Intense And Unidirectional Beam Of Light. Laser Light Is
Monochromatic (One Specific Wavelength).
.

3. LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION

4.  Gas
A Helium-Neon (HeNe) used mostly for holograms such as laser printing.
 Chemical
Lasers that obtain their energy through chemical reactions. Used mostly
for weaponry.
 Dye
Uses organic dye as the lasting medium, usually in the form of a liquid
solution. Used in medicine, astronomy, manufacturing, and more.
 Solid-state
Uses a gain medium that is a solid (rather than a liquid medium as in dye
or gas lasers). Used for weaponry
 Semiconductor
Also known as laser diodes, a semiconductor laser is one where the
active medium is a semiconductor similar to that found in a light-emitting
diode.
Applications include telecommunication and medicine

5. Current internal combustion gasoline engines use spark plugs to ignite
the air/fuel mixture in cylinder (located at the top of the combustion
chamber).

6. Laser ignition will replace the spark plug seen in current
gasoline engines.

7. Difference in the use of different optics
Energy density at the window is higher for the separated optics. The higher
the energy density, the better ablation works. The separated optics scheme
should therefore be more reliable than the combined optics.

8.  The laser ignition system has a laser transmitter with a fiber-optic cable powered by
the car’s battery. It shoots the laser beam to a focusing lens that would consume a
much smaller space than current spark plugs. The lenses focus the beams into an
intense pinpoint of light, and when the fuel is injected into the engine, the laser is
fired and produces enough energy (heat) to ignite the fuel.
 Below is a diagram of the laser arrangement:

9.  Regulations on NOx emissions are pushing us toward leaner air/fuel ratios
(higher ratio of air to fuel).
 Natural gas is more difficult to ignite than gasoline due to the strong carbon
to hydrogen bond energy.
 Because of the requirement for an increase in ignition energy, spark plug life
will decrease for natural gas engines.
 Ignition sites for spark plugs are at a fixed location at the top of the
combustion chamber that only allows for ignition of the air/fuel mixture
closest to them.
 Spark plug requires frequent maintenance to remove carbon deposits.

10. • A choice of arbitrary positioning of the ignition plasma in the combustion
cylinder.
• Effective ignition of leaner mixture at lower combustion temperature.
• Less NOx emissions.
• No erosion effects in case of spark plug.
• Lifetime of laser ignition system expected to be significantly longer than that
of conventional spark plug.
• High load ignition pressure possible.
• High power output, hence higher efficiency
• Multipoint ignition is possible
• Shorter ignition delay time and shorter combustion time .

11. Ford and the University of Liverpool are working on a
new laser ignition system for automobiles.
Ford plans to implement the new technology into its top of
the range vehicles within the next few years !!

12. Research papers-
 Laser Ignition in Internal Combustion Engines - A Contribution to a Sustainable
Environment by M. Lackner*, F. Winter
 Laser Ignition System for IC Engines by International Journal of Science and
Research (IJSR)
 Laser Plasma-initiated Ignition Of Engines
 Laser ignition system and method for internal combustion engine patent no -
US 8127732 B2
 www.laserist.org

13. THANK YOU