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Seahorse presentation
- 1. Seahorse Prepared by: Sumaiah Alghamdi & Norah Alhoshani Submitted to: D. muzzamel
- 2. Content • Introduction • Seahorse classification • History • Appearance. • Habita. • Diate. • Movement. • Camouflage &Types. • Life cycle & predators. • Reproduction
- 3. Introduction _ •seahorses are tiny fish. they are named after the shape of their head that sort of looks like a head of tiny horse • there are at least 25 species of seahorse and the spiny sea dragon .you will find them in the worlds tropical and temperate coastal waters
- 4. Classification _ Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Order: Syngnathiformes Family: Syngnathidae Genus: Hippocampus "Hippocampus" comes from the Ancient Greek hippos meaning "horse" and kampos meaning "sea monster
- 5. History _ oldest fossil seahorse hippocampus slovenicus the fossil include babies and adults of several species, and are dated at 13 million years old making them the oldest seahorse fossils found so far.
- 6. Appearance _ •seahorse appear to be very different from other fishes in the sea •They are tiny , have a horse -like head , monkey -like tail and kangaroo -like pouch , their eyes are like a chameleon. • They have thin skin stretched over a series of bony plates that are visible as rings around the trunk.
- 7. Appearance _
- 8. Appearance • some species also have spiny plates cover seahorses bodies from the tip of their head down to their curly tails • a group of spines on the top of the head is called coronet because it look like a crown
- 9. Appearance • when seahorses are babies , they are only about 5 centimeters long but they can grow up to 36 cm long
- 10. Habitat • Seahorses are found in tropical and subtropical costal and reef waters all over the pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. • Seahorses are also found in mangrove roots , sea grass beds, mud slopes , open waters, eel grass , kelp and rocks. • The large belly seahorse is the only seahorse found in new Zealand.
- 11. Habitat
- 12. Eating • seahorses eat tiny organisms such as small shrimp , as well as very small fish and plankton. • sometimes they eat small fish larvae or anything small enough for them to swallow . • seahorses eat sucking through their tube-like snout.
- 13. Eating
- 14. Movement • They move independently of each other and in all directions • When there are storms, seahorses clim to pieces of seaweed with their tails . • The storms toss them off and washes them ashore, so they cannot get back to the sea until the tide comes in.
- 16. Camouflage & Types • Seahorses can come in all different colors , they are master of camouflage . • They can change color to blend in with their habitat. • Some are bright color to blend in with coral but some are brownish color to blend in with rocks.
- 17. Camouflage & Types • many species have blotchy skin patterns which help obscure their outline they can change color in a matter of minutes to match their surrounding.
- 19. Types
- 20. Types
- 21. Types
- 22. Seahorse reproduction male seahorse are responsible about pregnancy and giving birth. pregnancy lasts between two and four weeks, the length decreasing with increasing Temperature.
- 23. COURTSHIP the reproductive process begins when male and female seahorse do daily pre_ dawn dances. The courting ritual involves dancing, changing color and entwining tails. Sometimes, more than one male seahorse will compete to win the affections of a female. Males can inflate their pouch by pumping water through it to display its emptiness. the purpose of courtship behavior is to entice the female to deposit her eggs in it.
- 25. Egg transfer after eight hours of courtship, female seahorse depositing her eggs in male’s pouch that located on its stomach. The male releases his sperm directly into seawater to fertilize the eggs. the eggs will be embedded in the pouch wall and become surrounded by a spongy tissue. the pouch acts as uterus of female mammal completed with a placental fluid that provide nutrients and oxygen.
- 26. pregnancy the male seahorse provide oxygen and nutrients through a network of capillaries. the eggs hatch in the pouch, and the embryos will remain in the pouch for two to six weeks, depending on species and temperature, as they develop into fully formed juveniles.
- 28. Giving Birth the male undergoes muscular contraction ( pumping) expel the young , known as “fry” from the pouch.
- 29. Young Newborns measure between two and twelve millimeters, depending on species. The fry often grasp floating or still objects, and even each other, with their tails. fewer than five infant seahorse in every 1000 survive to adulthood.
- 30. young
- 31. JUVENILES the young undergo only small changes after emerging from the father. During growth some body proportions may change but they don’t experience major body changes. Some newborns emerge with a small fin which is lost over time.
- 32. Adults Mature male seahorses have the ability to become pregnant any time during the breeding season, which varies with species. This is thought to be influenced by environmental conditions such as water temperature.
- 34. Cutting the ties after giving birth , the parents do not provide to their tiny offspring with any care or production. Infant seahorse are susceptible to death from predators and being . Fewer than five infant seahorse in every 1000 survive to adult hood.
- 35. Predators • there are lots of animals in the wild that the seahorse has to be careful of sharks and squid are the main predators of seahorses. • Tuna, rays and crabs are also predators of the seahorses. people hunt seahorses for medicine , cooking and souvenirs. • These unique little animals are endangered
- 37. Thanks