The document discusses software engineering and provides definitions and explanations of key concepts. It defines software engineering as applying engineering principles and methods to the development of software. It notes that the goal of software engineering is to produce efficient and reliable software products. It also discusses what constitutes software, different types of software products, the importance of software, and characteristics of good software.
Introduction to software engineering
Software products
Why Software is Important?
Software costs
Features of Software?
Software Applications
Software—New Categories
Software Engineering
Importance of Software Engineering
Essential attributes / Characteristics of good software
Software Components
Software Process
Five Activities of a Generic Process framework
Relative Costs of Fixing Software Faults
Software Qualities
Software crisis
Software Development Stages/SDLC
What is Software Verification
Advantages of Software Verification
Advantages of Validation
Introduction to software engineering
Software products
Why Software is Important?
Software costs
Features of Software?
Software Applications
Software—New Categories
Software Engineering
Importance of Software Engineering
Essential attributes / Characteristics of good software
Software Components
Software Process
Five Activities of a Generic Process framework
Relative Costs of Fixing Software Faults
Software Qualities
Software crisis
Software Development Stages/SDLC
What is Software Verification
Advantages of Software Verification
Advantages of Validation
Kelis King offer involve conducting system testing to ensure correct operation, and integration testing to ensure the system integrates correctly with other required systems, such as databases.
Kelis King offer involve conducting system testing to ensure correct operation, and integration testing to ensure the system integrates correctly with other required systems, such as databases.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
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Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
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My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
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Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
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A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
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Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
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I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
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The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
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Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
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Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview​
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
2. Software engineering
• Software is more than just a program code. A program is an
executable code, which serves some computational purpose.
Software is considered to be collection of executable programming
code, associated libraries and documentations. Software, when
made for a specific requirement is called software product.
• Engineering on the other hand, is all about developing products,
using well-defined, scientific principles and methods.
• Software engineering is an engineering branch associated with
development of software product using well-defined scientific
principles, methods and procedures.
• The outcome of software engineering is an efficient and reliable
software product.
3. What is Software?
The product that software professionals build and then support
over the long term.
Software encompasses:
(1) instructions (computer programs) that when executed
provide desired features, function, and performance;
(2) data structures that enable the programs to adequately
store and manipulate information and
(3) documentation that describes the operation and use of the
programs.
3
4.
5. Software products
• Generic products
– Stand-alone systems that are marketed and sold to
any customer who wishes to buy them.
– Examples – PC software such as editing, graphics
programs, project management tools; CAD software;
software for specific markets such as appointments
systems for dentists.
• Customized products
– Software that is ordered by a specific customer to
meet their own needs.
– Examples – embedded control systems, air traffic
control software, traffic monitoring systems.
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6. Why Software is Important?
• The economies of ALL developed nations are
dependent on software.
• More and more systems are software controlled (
transportation, medical, telecommunications,
military, industrial, entertainment,)
• Software engineering is concerned with theories,
methods and tools for professional software
development.
• Expenditure on software represents a
significant fraction in all developed countries.
7. Software costs
• Software costs often dominate computer
system costs. The costs of software on a PC
are often greater than the hardware cost.
• Software costs more to maintain than it does
to develop. For systems with a long life,
maintenance costs may be several times
development costs.
• Software engineering is concerned with cost-
effective software development.
8. Software Evolution
• The process of developing a software product using software engineering
principles and methods is referred to as software evolution.
• This includes the initial development of software and its maintenance and
updates, till desired software product is developed, which satisfies the
expected requirements.
• Evolution starts from the requirement gathering process. After which
developers create a prototype of the intended software and show it to the
users to get their feedback at the early stage of software product
development.
• The users suggest changes, on which several consecutive updates and
maintenance keep on changing too. This process changes to the original
software, till the desired software is accomplished.
• Even after the user has desired software in hand, the advancing
technology and the changing requirements force the software product to
change accordingly.
• Re-creating software from scratch and to go one-on-one with requirement
is not feasible. The only feasible and economical solution is to update the
existing software so that it matches the latest requirements.
9. Software Evolution Laws
Lehman has given laws for software evolution. He divided the software into
three different categories:
• S-type (static-type) - This is a software, which works strictly according to
defined specifications and solutions. The solution and the method to
achieve it, both are immediately understood before coding. The s-type
software is least subjected to changes hence this is the simplest of all. For
example, calculator program for mathematical computation.
• P-type (practical-type) - This is a software with a collection
of procedures. This is defined by exactly what procedures can do. In this
software, the specifications can be described but the solution is not
obvious instantly. For example, gaming software.
• E-type (embedded-type) - This software works closely as the requirement
of real-world environment. This software has a high degree of evolution as
there are various changes in laws, taxes etc. in the real world situations.
For example, Online trading software.
10. Characteristics of good software
• A software product can be judged by what it offers and how well it can be
used. This software must satisfy on the following grounds:
– Operational
– Transitional
– Maintenance
Operational
• This tells us how well software works in operations. It can be measured
on:
– Budget
– Usability
– Efficiency
– Correctness
– Functionality
– Dependability
– Security
– Safety
11. Characteristics of good software Cont..
Transitional
This aspect is important when the software is moved from one
platform to another:
– Portability
– Interoperability
– Reusability
– Adaptability
Maintenance
This aspect briefs about how well a software has the capabilities to
maintain itself in the ever-changing environment:
– Modularity
– Maintainability
– Flexibility
– Scalability
12. Features of Software
Characteristics of software :
• Software is developed or engineered, it is not manufactured in the
classical sense which has quality problem.
• Software doesn't "wear out.”
– but it deteriorates (due to change). Hardware has bathtub curve of failure
rate ( high failure rate in the beginning, then drop to steady state, then cumulative effects of dust,
vibration, abuse occurs).
• Although the industry is moving toward component-based
construction(e.g. standard screws and off-the-shelf integrated circuits),
most software continues to be custom-built.
– Modern reusable components encapsulate data and processing into software parts to
be reused by different programs. E.g. graphical user interface, window, pull-down menus
in library etc.
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14. Software Components
• Resuabilty- high quality of software
components
• software components are built using a
programming languages.
–Lowest level- instruction set of the hardware
–Mid level- smarttalk
–Highest level- executable instruction are
automatically generated
• Fourth generation language is called non
procedural language.
15. Software Applications
• 1. System software: such as compilers, editors, file management
utilities
• 2. Application software: stand-alone programs for specific needs.
• 3. Engineering/scientific software: Characterized by “number
crunching”
algorithms. such as automotive stress analysis, molecular
biology, orbital dynamics etc.
• 4. Embedded software resides within a product or system. (key pad
control of a microwave oven, digital function of dashboard display in
a car)
• 5. Product-line software focus on a limited marketplace to address
mass consumer market. (word processing, graphics, database
management)
• 6. WebApps (Web applications) network centric software. As web 2.0
emerges, more sophisticated computing environments is supported
integrated with remote database and business applications.
• 7. AI software uses non-numerical algorithm to solve complex
problem. Robotics, expert system, pattern recognition game playing
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16. Importance of Software Engineering
• More and more, individuals and society rely on
advanced software systems.
• We need to be able to produce reliable and
trustworthy systems economically and quickly.
• It is usually cheaper, in the long run, to use software
engineering methods and techniques for software
systems rather than just write the programs as if it was
a personal programming project.
• For most types of system, the majority of costs are the
costs of changing the software after it has gone into
use.
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17. FAQ about software engineering
Question Answer
Whatis software? Computer programs, data structures and associated
documentation. Software products may be developed for a
particular customer or may be developed for a general
market.
Whatare the attributes of goodsoftware?
Whatis software engineering?
Good software should deliver the required functionality and
performance to the user and should be maintainable,
dependable andusable.
Software engineering is an engineering discipline that is
concernedwith allaspects of software production.
What is the difference between software Computer science focuses on theory and fundamentals;
ngineeringandcomputerscience? software engineering is concerned with the practicalities of
developinganddeliveringusefulsoftware.
What is the difference between software System engineering is concerned with all aspects of
ngineeringandsystemengineering? computer-based systems development including hardware,
software and process engineering. Software engineering is
partof this more generalprocess.
3
18. Essential attributes of good software
Product
characteristic
Description
Maintainability Software should be written in such a way so that it can evolve to meet the changing
needs of customers. This is a critical attribute because software change is an
expected requirement of a changing business environment.
Dependability Software dependability includes a range of characteristics including reliability,
and security security and safety. Dependable software should not cause physical or economic
damage in the event of system failure. Malicious users should not be able to access
or damage the system.
Efficiency Software should not make wasteful use of system resources such as memory and
processor cycles. Efficiency therefore includes responsiveness, processing time,
memory utilisation, etc.
Acceptability Software must be acceptable to the type of users for which it is designed. This means
that it must be understandable, usable and compatible with other systems that they
use.
19. Software myths
• Myth: means wrong belief or misinformation.
• Software myth: software myth are beliefs about
software and the process used to build it.
• Myths have no. of attributes that causes serious
problem on software.
• There are 3 types of myths:
– Management myths
– Customer Myths
– Software Engineers’ Myths or Developer myths
20. Management Myths [Pressman]
• We already have standards and procedures for building
software; isn’t that enough?
– How widely used is it?
– How relevant to the team?
– How useful to the project?
• If we’re behind schedule, we’ll just add more programmers to
catch up
– “Adding people to a late project makes it later”
– Interference
• They think they have latest computer.
• A good manager can manage any project.
21. Customer Myths [Pressman]
• s/w myths believed by customer who can internal
or external.
• Customer always think that s/w is development is
an easy process
• A general statement of work is sufficient to kick
off the project,
• Requirements can change, and that’s OK because
software is so flexible
– Most software project failures can be traced to
inadequacy of requirement specifications
22. Software Engineers’ Myths [Pressman]
• If I miss something now. I Fix it later
• Once the program is written, I’m done
– Between 60-80% of effort expended after delivery
• Until the program is written, quality is uncertain
– Formal design reviews
– Formal code reviews
– Test-first approaches
– Prototyping to verify design and structure
– Prototyping to validate requirements
• The only deliverable is the program itself
– Lots of documentation: installation guides, usage guides,
maintenance guides, API definitions and examples
23. Software Engineers’ Myths [Pressman]
• Documentation is Software-Engineering busy
work
–Focus is on quality, not quantity
–Documentation can be hard for engineers to
write, just as C++ may be difficult for poets.
–Conserve energy: documented code can serve as
a basis for useful documentation
24.
25. The Essence of Practice
(Software Problems)
• How does the practice of software engineering
fit in the process activities mentioned above?
Namely, communication, planning, modeling,
construction and deployment.
• George Polya outlines the essence of problem
solving, suggests:
1. Understand the problem(communication and
analysis).
2. Plan a solution (modeling and software design).
3. Carry outthe plan (code generation).
4. Examine the resultforaccuracy (testing and
quality assurance).
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26. Understand the Problem
• Who has a stake inthe solutionto the
problem? Thatis, who are the stakeholders?
• Whatare the unknowns? Whatdata,
functions, and features are requiredto
properly solve the problem?
• Can the problembe compartmentalized? Is it
possible to representsmallerproblems that
may be easierto understand?
• Can the problembe represented graphically?
Can an analysis modelbe created?
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27. Professional Visibility
1. Confidentiality: You should normally respect the confidentiality of
your employers or clients irrespective of whether a formal
confidentiality agreement has been signed.
2. Competence: You should not misrepresent your level of
competence. You should not be knowingly accept work that is
outside your computer.
3. Intellectual property rights: You should be aware of local laws
governing the use of intellectual property such as patents and
copyrights. You should be careful to ensure that the intellectual
property of employers and clients is protected.
4. Computer misuse. You should not use your technical skills to
misuse other people computers. Computer misuse ranges from
relatively trivial to extremely serious.
28. Software reuse
• In most engineering disciplines, systems are
designed by composing existing components
that have been used in other systems
• Software engineering has been more focused
on original development but it is now
recognised that to achieve better software,
more quickly and at lower cost, we need to
adopt a design process that is based on
systematic reuse
29. Benefits of reuse
• Increased reliability
– Components exercised in working systems
• Reduced process risk
– Less uncertainty in development costs
• Effective use of specialists
– Reuse components instead of people
• Standards compliance
– Embed standards in reusable components
• Accelerated development
– Avoid original development and hence speed-up
production
30. Process Visibility
1. Maintainability: Software should be written in such a way
that is may evolve to meet the changing needs of
customers. This is a critical visibility because software
change is an inevitable consequence of changing business
environment.
2. Dependability: Software dependability has a range of
characteristics, including reliability , security & safety.
Dependable software should not cause physical or
economic damage in the event of system failure.
3. Efficiency: Software should not make wasteful use of
system resources such as memory & processor cycles.
Efficiency therefore includes responsiveness, processing
time, memory utilization etc.
4. Usability: Software must be usable, without undue effort,
by the type of user for whom it is designed. This means that
it should have an appropriate user interface & adequate
documentation.
Modularity : the quality of consisting of separate parts that, when combined, form a complete whole:Â
Scalability is the measure of a system's ability to increase or decrease in performance and cost in response to changes in application and system processing demands.