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Scotland has an extreme climate with very little sunshine compared to England. This results in low vitamin D levels among the Scottish population, as over 90% of vitamin D comes from sun exposure. Insufficient vitamin D has been linked to increased risk of numerous chronic diseases that are highly prevalent in Scotland like cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders. Despite evidence that improving vitamin D status could help address Scotland's health deficit, successive reports by the Scottish government have failed to recognize low vitamin D as a risk factor. Implementing measures to increase vitamin D levels, such as supplements, food fortification, and updated sun exposure advice, could potentially achieve significant health gains in Scotland at low cost.























































