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![Suggested sequence of exercise
General rhythmic activities to warm-up.
Gentle selective stretching
Aerobic activities for CVS conditioning
UL &LL strengthening ex.
Abdominal ex
Pelvic floor ex.
Relaxation /cool down activities
Educational information [if any] & postpartum ex. Education.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/scopeofphysiotherapyipdandopd-201130111841/75/Scope-of-physiotherapy-ipd-and-opd-32-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byDr. Mohabbat Ali
Scope of physiotherapy ipd and opd
Physiotherapy aims to prevent and treat impairments through physical examination, evaluation, diagnosis and intervention. It promotes mobility, functional abilities and quality of life. Physiotherapists assess, diagnose, treat and evaluate patients to restore optimal physical function and movement. Physiotherapy can benefit patients with orthopedic, neurological, cardiac, pulmonary, burns and many other conditions through techniques like exercises, modalities, manual therapy and airway clearance. It is commonly used to treat pain, increase range of motion and strength, improve balance and prevent complications from immobility.
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Scope of physiotherapy ipd and opd
- 1.
- 2. What is Physiotherapy? A health care profession involving role of physiotherapists, conducting patients examination, evaluation, diagnosis and physical intervention skills which works on healing of impairments and disabilities.. It helps in promoting the ambulation, functional abilities, quality of life and movement.
- 3. Physiotherapist ? A Physiotherapistis an autonomous health care professional who assesses, diagnoses, plans, treats and evaluates clients/patients and is responsible for his/her own actions.
- 4. ROLE OF PHYSICALTHERAPISTS IN HEALTH CARE Diagnose and manage movement dysfunction and enhance physical and functional abilities. Restore, maintain, and promote optimal physical function, wellness and fitness, and quality of life as it relates to movement and health. Prevent the onset, symptoms, and progression of impairments, functional limitations, and disabilities that may result from diseases, disorders, conditions, or injuries.
- 5. AIM of physiotherapy Prevent muscle shortening & joint contractures Influence pain control Educate in all aspects of physical function Education and participation of the carer Treat the patient with dignity – allowing them to “live until they die” Build a relationship of confidence and trust
- 6. AIM of Physiotherapy Assess and optimise the patient’s level of physical function Take into consideration the interplay between the physical, psychological, social and vocational aspects of function Understand the patients underlying emotional, pathological and psychological condition, Focus is the physical and functional consequences of the disease and/or its treatment, on the patient.
- 7. AIM of Physiotherapy Restore the patient’s sense of self Facilitate and optimise the patient's ability to function with safety and independence in the face of diminishing resources. Maintain optimum respiratory & circulatory function Listen to patient Set realistic goals with the patient
- 8. STAGES OF PHYSIOTHERAPY Preventive Restorative Supportive Palliative
- 9.
- 10. Which patients groups benefitfrom physiotherapy ? Cardiac patients Orthopaedic patients Amputees General surgical Neurological Elderly Learning disabilities Psychiatric Palliative care Respiratory Paediatric Rheumatology Musculo-skeletal Occupational Spinal injuries Obstetrics Gynaecological Burns and plastics
- 11. EXAMPLES OF CONDITIONSTREATED BY PHYSICAL THERAPISTS Arthritis Back Pain Balance Burns CTS Developmental Delays COPD Dislocations Fractures Hand Injuries Headaches Incontinence Lymphedema Osteoporosis Pelvic Pain Sports Injuries Stroke Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
- 12.
- 13. Pain conditions inwhich physiotherapy recommended Cervical region pain Back pain Shoulder pain Knee pain Ankle pain Muscular pain Neurogenic pain Soft tissue injury pain Soft tissue inflammation pain Headache PID pain Fibromyalgia sprain/strain Sports injury
- 14. ELECTROTHERAPY Pain management Treatment of neuromuscular dysfunction Improvement of strength Improvement of motor control Retards muscle atrophy Improvement of local blood flow Improves range of joint mobility Tissue repair Acute and chronic edema
- 15. Therapeutic Ultrasound Recommendedat scar Lymphatic drainage Reduce inflammation Reduce the pain Help in healing of wounds Peripheral blood flow
- 16. TRACTION THERAPY Distractionto increase the intervertebral space Tensing of the posterior longitudinal vertebral ligament Suction to draw the disc protrusion towards the center of the joint Spinal traction helps in relieving back pain by stretching the tight muscles of the spine which result from spasm. Spinal traction also helps widen the inter vertebral foramen so that the nerve root impingement is relieved
- 17. Hot pack andcold pack In chronic condition we use hot pack In acute condition we use cold pack Reduces the swelling Reduce the pain Increase ROM
- 18.
- 19. Physiotherapy in Burns Respiratory Care Prevention of Contractures and Deformities Positioning Head and Neck Lower limbs Splinting (Splints may be static or dynamic)
- 20. Cont’d Exercises Musclesstrength Flexibility (stretching) Regaining maximum function Out-patient physiotherapy Graft PT if grafted
- 21. Immuno-compromised patients Immunocompromisedpeople like undergoing treatment for cancer leukemia lymphoma HIV patients on immunosuppressive drugs are at an increased risk of developing chest infection
- 22. Cont’d Decrease mobility Swelling, Joint pain. Transplant patients Fever
- 23.
- 24. GERIARTRIC PATIENTS Musclesweakness Low immunity Low bone density Cardiopulmonary weakness Poor Balancing Risk of fall These all increased during hospital stay
- 26. Indications for geriatricPT referral Recent fall or history of falls Deficits in strength or range of motion Loss of mobility or ambulation requiring an assistive device Musculoskeletal pain Difficulty with transfers Orthotic or prosthetic needs Open wound Neurological disorder Balance deficits Decreased endurance for ADLs Bed bound status Need for adaptive equipment to enhance safety and function
- 27. Kidney disease andphysiotherapy Kidney diseases are associated with an increased risk of functional impairment, independent of age, gender, and co- morbidities. Clinicians should counsel patients with CKD including frail elder people to increase physical activity levels and target that regular physical activity including aerobic or endurance exercises training benefits health
- 28. INTERMITTENT PNEUMATIC COMPRESSION Intermittent pneumatic compression is a therapeutic technique used in medical devices that include an air pump and inflatable auxiliary sleeves, gloves or boots in a system designed to improve venous circulation in the limbs of patients who suffer edema or the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism
- 29. BENEFITS OF IPC Peripheral artery disease/arterial insufficiency Restless leg syndrome Management of edema following femoro-popliteal bypass surgery Fracture and soft tissue healing Treatment of sensory impairment in the upper limb following a stroke Treatment of upper extremity vascular ulcers Edema related to obesity
- 30. GYN & OBSPATIENTS IN OPD
- 31. Physiotherapy in Gyn.&Obs. During the whole period of pregnancy women’s body undergoes various physical and physiological changes. Due to the change during and after pregnancy common problems faced by the women’s are low back pain, stress urinary incontinence, pelvic pain. Physiotherapy can help in this through postural reeducation, strengthening of pelvic floor muscles and through some modalities
- 32. Suggested sequence ofexercise General rhythmic activities to warm-up. Gentle selective stretching Aerobic activities for CVS conditioning UL &LL strengthening ex. Abdominal ex Pelvic floor ex. Relaxation /cool down activities Educational information [if any] & postpartum ex. Education.
- 33. Selected exercise techniques Postural exercise. Abdominal exercise Stabilization exercise Pelvic motion training & strengthening. Modified UL & LL strengthening. Perineum &adductor flexibility. Relaxation &breathing exercise
- 34.
- 35. The Goal of PediatricPhysical Therapy Help children reach their maximal functional level of independence
- 36. Pediatric Physical Therapy Promotes independence Increases participation Facilitates motor development & function Improves strength Enhances learning opportunities Eases caregiving Promotes health & wellness
- 37. Increased Participation PediatricPhysical Therapists and Assistants promote increased participation in daily activities & routines in the: Home School Community
- 38.
- 39. Cardiac Rehabilitation Torestore self reliance in daily active life. To restore formal work activities To prepare for another full time employment compatible with his working capacities.
- 40. Cardiac Rehabilitation Cardiacrehabilitation phase 2 with close telemetry monitoring. Cardiac rehabilitation phase 3 Motivate for normal activity Teaching for daily life activity Teach for job related activity.
- 41. Cardiac Rehabilitation Enduranceexercises up to 60 minutes Stretching exercises Strengthening exercises Teach ADLs Cardiac pulmonary care
- 42.
- 43. IPD patients physiotherapyin OPD Confidence level increase Motivation Endurance/cardiac exercise Postural stability Strengthening exercises Pressure sure risk reduced Social activity
- 44. RECUMBENT BIKE CardiovascularExercise Increased Strength and Weight Management Safety and Comfort Less Stress on Knee and Hip
- 45. TILT TABLE STANDING Reintroduce patient to vertical position. Facilitate early weight bearing Promote and maintain bone density in lower extremity Prevent muscle contracture Improves lower limb strength
- 46. TILT TABLE STANDING Increase arousal Improves cardiovascular conditions Allow to become acclimated to an upright position without rapid change in blood pressure Decrease spasticity
- 47. Cont’d Prevention ofosteoporosis and pathological fractures. Postural improvements Enhance bladder and bowl function Provide early weight bearing experiences. Decrease prolong bed rest complications Improves psychological out look and also motivates Patient to participate ambulation program
- 48. SHOULDER PULLEY Decrease painin the shoulder and arm Improve shoulder strength Improve range of motion (ROM) Maintain proper posture Regain normal function of your arm
- 49. TREADMILL EXERCISE Thetreadmill is a relatively easy piece of exercise equipment to use The treadmill has a predictable surface that is much easier to negotiate than sidewalks, curbs or trails and the risk of tripping is reduced All aspects of the workout can be controlled by the user: speed, incline, warm up period, cool down period, and energy spend Generally, users can design custom programs to fit the time they have to exercise
- 50. TREADMILL EXERCISE Multipleusers can use the same equipment without adjusting the structure Some treadmills have special features such as step counters and heart rate monitors so fitness progress can be tracked Running on a treadmill generally burns calories faster than most other forms of in-home exercise, such as biking
- 51. Shoulder pulley &wheel Improve the ROM Improve the Power of muscles Postural stability Improve the flexibility
- 52. PARALLEL BARS Weightbearing exercise Gait training exercises self Regain strength Balance Range of motion Independence
- 53. PARALLEL BARS Coordinationexercises, Improves patients ability to walk independently or with assistance. Gait training with assistance
- 54. THERA TRAINER TheTHERA-Trainer enables people with individual requirements to exercise their legs or upper body with or without motorized assistance - from their chair or wheelchair. It gently encourages mobility and has a positive effect on many other aspects of health.
- 55.
Editor's Notes
- #5 As essential participants in the health care delivery system, PTs assume leadership roles in rehabilitation prevention, health maintenance, and programs that promote health, wellness, and fitness Physical therapists also play important roles both in developing standards for physical therapist practice and in developing health care policy to ensure availability, accessibility, and optimal delivery of health care services. As clinicians, physical therapists engage in an examination process that includes: taking the patient/client history, conducting a systems review, and performing tests and measures to identify potential and existing problems. To establish diagnoses, prognoses, and plans of care, physical therapists perform evaluations, synthesizing the examination data and determining whether the problems to be addressed are within the scope of PT practice. Based on their judgments about diagnoses and prognoses and based on patient/client goals, physical therapists: provide interventions (the interactions and procedures used in managing and instructing patients/clients), conduct re-examinations, modify interventions as necessary to achieve goals and expected outcomes, and develop and implement discharge plans.