history of physiotherapy

1. Why?
TITLE
The physiotherapy profession encompasses activities and programmes
including consultations, research, education, and administration.

2. History of Physiotherapy

3. Ancient Roots
Ancient civilisations: Greece, Rome, China, India,Egypt
Hippocrates and Galen provided accounts of physical therapies
and accurate descriptions of bones and muscles.

4. Renaissance Period
Sciences of human body developed which
included anatomy, physiology and
kinematics.
Around 1750: CG Kratzenstein integrated
physics (electricity) with medicine.Laid
background of what today we call Electro
therapy.
CG Kratzenstein deviced the concept in
which electrical discharges could heal
certain neurological conditions.
CG Kratzenstein Sir

5. Father of Physiotherapy
1813- PH Ling founded the Royal
Gymnastics Central Institute.
Graduates where called ‘sjukgymnast’
: Swedish for physiotherapist. Sick -
gymnast for sjukgymantik.
In this institute medical gymnastics
and manual therapy techniques were
taught.

6. Who coined the
profession?
In 1851, German Military Physician Lornz Gleich
coined the term ‘physiotherapie’ in one of his
articles.
In 1854, Physiotherapy first appeared in Canada
by Dr.Edward Playter in American Medical Journal.
Sir Edward Playter

7. Legitimising the Profession
• In 1894- four British nurses including
Rosalind Paget and midwives formed
society of trained Masseuses:
1. Created rules of professional conduct
2. Only treated patients referred by a
doctor
3. Created national examination

8. Till 1920, the society only treated women, men were not allowed
neither could register with the society.
It was due to the constant tension of delegitimisation of the
profession.
Also they wanted to create new profession for the women.

9. World War -I
An event which held up for the profession was
World War-I
Modalities were used for treatment of soldiers.
Massages played an integral role in recovery
Specialised hospitals were built for
Physiotherapy and massage therapy.
Reed College,Portland , United States deviced
reconstruction aids to rehabilitate the returning
soldiers.

10. Mother of Physiotherapy
Mary McMillan established a
programme named ‘reconstruction
aides’
She later founded American Physical
Therapy Association

11. Advancements

12. Other countries also formulated their own associations in order
to help their soldiers and rehabilitate them.
In between World War -I and World War -II (1939-1945),
massage science become a passive modality of treatment.
Therapists started giving remedial exercises(active, active
assisted and passive exercises ) as a plan of care on their beds.

13. Franklin D Roosevelt Sir receiving hydrotherapy
Polio Revolution
American association of Physical Therapy
spread its roots to various conditions like Polio.
In 1921, Future US President Franklin D
Roosevelt was diagnosed with Polio- then had
Physical Therapy treatment (hydrotherapy).
His positive experience boosted the attention
towards physical therapy
By World War II many treatment centres for
Children suffering from Polio was established
across US.

14. As the need for physical therapy sky
rocketed, in 1951 World
Confederation of Physical Therapy
was found where scientifically and
critically the therapists could
evaluate their therapies.
In the congress they shared the work
of the scientific community.

15. Post World War -II
James Cyriax technique revolved around
manipulation
Dr.Herman Kabat & Maggie Knott developed PNF. In advent
of Poliomyelitis.

16. By 1974,specialisation for physical therapy began in US, the
Orthopaedic Section under the APTA organised physiotherapists
to undergo specialisation in Orthopedics.
The International Federation of Orthopaedic Manipulative
Physical Therapists was formed in 1974, which played a role in
global development of Physiotherapy.
The practice moved from hospitals to communities.
In 1980s, we got the position of First Contact Professionals.

17. History of Physiotherapy
In India

19. Foundation
In 1952, following Polio epidemic in
Mumbai, Physiotherapy was brought
into existence.

20. In 1953, first school and centre of Physiotherapy was established
in Mumbai as a joint collaboration project by Government of India,
Government of Maharashtra and the then Bombay Municipal
Corporation
In 1962, Indian Association of Physiotherapists was established
and is now a registered medical body.
From that recognition we are here now, only upwards and
onwards.

21. ThankYou 🙏🏻🙏🏻