scientific misconduct
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
9 likes•7,422 views
This document discusses scientific misconduct and responsible research practices. It defines scientific misconduct as fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in research. This includes making up data, manipulating research materials to misrepresent results, and using other's ideas without credit. Responsible research involves following approved protocols, protecting participants, accurately recording and sharing results, and publishing ethically. Maintaining integrity is important to ensure reliable research and public trust.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Scientific misconduct by dr vijay kumar
This document discusses scientific misconduct and defines key related terms. It begins by defining science and scientific conduct, noting science involves establishing cause and effect relationships through logic. Scientific conduct requires objectivity, impartiality, willingness to change beliefs based on evidence, verification of findings, and precision. The document then defines scientific misconduct as fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism, noting these behaviors violate ethical standards and risk one's career. Several common types of misconduct are outlined, including falsification of data. Key organizations that define misconduct are also mentioned.
What is salami slicing
I explain plainly what is salami silcing, a practice of fragmenting single research into as many publications as possible. Salami publishing and hazards
Importance of publication ethics
i summarized the all data of Publication Ethics . All researcher to need this for publish the Paper .
Research ethics & scientific misconduct
This is a presentation I gave to the Research Coordinators in the Federal Ministry of Health, Sudan (04.03.2015).
It included the following topics:
• Overview on the Knowledge Management Cycle and how research fits in it
• Brief historical background on research ethics
• What makes research ethical?
• Definition and examples of scientific misconduct
• How to make your research ethical and avoid scientific misconduct?
Sherpa Romeo
Sherpa provides two tools - SHERPA/RoMEO and SHERPA/FACT - to help researchers comply with open access mandates from their funders. SHERPA/RoMEO allows users to search publisher and journal policies on copyright and self-archiving. SHERPA/FACT combines RoMEO and JULIET data to indicate a journal's open access compliance based on the user's selected funder and publication stage. Both tools aim to help unlock the potential of research by facilitating open access.
Database and Research Matrix.pptx
This document provides information about indexing databases and citation databases. It defines a database as a collection of organized information that can be easily accessed and updated. Indexing databases are described as optimizing database performance by minimizing disk accesses during queries through the use of indexes. The document outlines different types of indexing, including clustered, non-clustered, and multi-level indexing. It then defines citation databases as collections of referenced academic works that can be used to evaluate publications by counting citations. The benefits of using citation databases over general search engines are discussed.
Research and publication ethics
The presentation discusses research and publication ethics as well as scientific misconduct. It defines scientific misconduct as fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in research. The three elements of scientific misconduct are then defined: fabrication is making up false data, falsification is manipulating research materials/processes to misrepresent results, and plagiarism is using other's work without credit. Potential reasons for misconduct are then outlined along with consequences such as career ending and blacklisting. Methods to prevent misconduct through policy, supervision, and research integrity offices are also presented.
REDUNDANT PUBLICATION IN RESEARCH
REDUNDANT PUBLICATION IN RESEARCHDEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF DELHI
This document discusses redundant publication in research. It defines redundant publication as publishing the same or similar research findings in multiple papers without proper attribution. There are three main types: duplicate publication, salami slicing, and overlapping publications. Redundant publication undermines research integrity and credibility. It can damage researchers' reputations and lead to retractions or penalties. The document provides guidelines from organizations like COPE and ICMJE for ethical publishing practices to avoid redundant publication.Recommended
Scientific misconduct by dr vijay kumar
This document discusses scientific misconduct and defines key related terms. It begins by defining science and scientific conduct, noting science involves establishing cause and effect relationships through logic. Scientific conduct requires objectivity, impartiality, willingness to change beliefs based on evidence, verification of findings, and precision. The document then defines scientific misconduct as fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism, noting these behaviors violate ethical standards and risk one's career. Several common types of misconduct are outlined, including falsification of data. Key organizations that define misconduct are also mentioned.
What is salami slicing
I explain plainly what is salami silcing, a practice of fragmenting single research into as many publications as possible. Salami publishing and hazards
Importance of publication ethics
i summarized the all data of Publication Ethics . All researcher to need this for publish the Paper .
Research ethics & scientific misconduct
This is a presentation I gave to the Research Coordinators in the Federal Ministry of Health, Sudan (04.03.2015).
It included the following topics:
• Overview on the Knowledge Management Cycle and how research fits in it
• Brief historical background on research ethics
• What makes research ethical?
• Definition and examples of scientific misconduct
• How to make your research ethical and avoid scientific misconduct?
Sherpa Romeo
Sherpa provides two tools - SHERPA/RoMEO and SHERPA/FACT - to help researchers comply with open access mandates from their funders. SHERPA/RoMEO allows users to search publisher and journal policies on copyright and self-archiving. SHERPA/FACT combines RoMEO and JULIET data to indicate a journal's open access compliance based on the user's selected funder and publication stage. Both tools aim to help unlock the potential of research by facilitating open access.
Database and Research Matrix.pptx
This document provides information about indexing databases and citation databases. It defines a database as a collection of organized information that can be easily accessed and updated. Indexing databases are described as optimizing database performance by minimizing disk accesses during queries through the use of indexes. The document outlines different types of indexing, including clustered, non-clustered, and multi-level indexing. It then defines citation databases as collections of referenced academic works that can be used to evaluate publications by counting citations. The benefits of using citation databases over general search engines are discussed.
Research and publication ethics
The presentation discusses research and publication ethics as well as scientific misconduct. It defines scientific misconduct as fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in research. The three elements of scientific misconduct are then defined: fabrication is making up false data, falsification is manipulating research materials/processes to misrepresent results, and plagiarism is using other's work without credit. Potential reasons for misconduct are then outlined along with consequences such as career ending and blacklisting. Methods to prevent misconduct through policy, supervision, and research integrity offices are also presented.
REDUNDANT PUBLICATION IN RESEARCH
REDUNDANT PUBLICATION IN RESEARCHDEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF DELHI
This document discusses redundant publication in research. It defines redundant publication as publishing the same or similar research findings in multiple papers without proper attribution. There are three main types: duplicate publication, salami slicing, and overlapping publications. Redundant publication undermines research integrity and credibility. It can damage researchers' reputations and lead to retractions or penalties. The document provides guidelines from organizations like COPE and ICMJE for ethical publishing practices to avoid redundant publication.Publication ethics
This document discusses publication ethics and outlines guidelines for ethical publishing. It begins by defining publication and the key parties involved - authors, editors, peer reviewers, and publishers. Authors should contribute significantly to the work and properly attribute contributions from others. Unethical practices include guest and gift authorships, plagiarism, and research fraud through fabrication or falsification of data. Conflicts of interest should be disclosed. Predatory journals are identified as having questionable standards and practices aimed at profit rather than quality. UGC works to identify and remove predatory journals from their listings to help researchers identify legitimate publication options. Overall the document provides guidance on ethical authorship, reviewing, editing and publishing of research.
Intellectual Honesty and Research Integrity.pptx
Intellectual honesty is an applied method of problem solving, characterized by an unbiased, honest attitude, which can be demonstrated in a number of different ways including:
Ensuring support for chosen ideologies does not interfere with the pursuit of truth;
Relevant facts and information are not purposefully omitted even when such things may contradict one's hypothesis;
Facts are presented in an unbiased manner, and not twisted to give misleading impressions or to support one view over another;
References, or earlier work, are acknowledged where possible, and plagiarism is avoided. practices.
For individuals, research integrity is an aspect of moral character and experience. It involves above all a commitment to intellectual honesty and personal responsibility for one's actions and to a range of practices that characterize responsible research conduct.
Selective Reporting and Misrepresentation.pptx
Selective reporting and misrepresentation of data can lead to false conclusions and flawed decision making. Selective reporting involves intentionally presenting only information that supports a viewpoint while ignoring contradictory information. Misrepresentation distorts data to create a false impression. Both can occur through publication bias, outcome reporting bias, data dredging, spin, selective citation, data falsification, cherry-picking, manipulation, misinterpretation, and omission. Researchers should ensure transparency, present all relevant data, use appropriate statistical methods, verify sources, obtain independent review, follow ethical standards, and acknowledge limitations to avoid these issues.
publication misconduct.pptx
This document discusses various types of academic misconduct, including fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism. It defines fabrication as the construction of data that was never actually observed or measured. Falsification is changing or omitting results to support a claim. Plagiarism involves using others' work and ideas without proper citation. The document provides several examples of academic misconduct, such as conducting research on humans without informed consent, ghost authorship, and image manipulation. It emphasizes the importance of ethical research practices.
Redundant Publications.pptx
Redundant, Duplicate and Repetitive publications are the most important concerns in the scientific research/literature writing. The occurrence of redundancy affects the concepts of science/literature and carries with it sanctions of consequences. To define this issue is much challenging because of the many varieties in which one can slice, reformat, or reproduce material from an already published study. This issue also goes beyond the duplication of a single study because it might possible that the same or similar data can be published in the early, middle, and later stages of an on-going study. This may have a damaging impact on the scientific study/literature base. Similar to slicing a cake, there are so many ways of representing a study or a set of data/information. We can slice a cake into different shapes like squares, triangles, rounds, or layers. Which of these might be the best way to slice a cake? Unfortunately, this may be the wrong question. The point is that the cake that is being referred to, the data/ information set or the study/findings, should not be sliced at all. Instead, the study should be presented as a whole to the readership to ensure the integrity of science/technology because of the impact that may have on patients who will be affected by the information contained in the literature/findings. Redundant, duplicate, or repetitive publications occur when there is representation of two or more studies, data sets, or publications in either electronic or print media. The publications can overlap partially or completely, such that a similar portion, major component(s), or complete representation of a previously/simultaneous ly or future published study is duplicated.
SALAMI SLICING: The slicing of research publication that would form one meaningful paper into several different papers is known as salami publication or salami slicing. Unlike duplicate publication, which involves reporting the exact same data in two or more publications, salami slicing involves breaking up or segmenting a large study into two or more publications. These segments are called slices of a study. As a general rule, as long as the slices of a broken-up study share the same hypotheses, population, and methods, this is not acceptable in general practice. The same slice should never be published more than once at all. According to the United States Office of Research Integrity (USORI), salami slicing can result in a distortion of the literature/findings by leading unsuspecting readers to believe that data presented in each salami slice (journal article) is derived from a different subject sample/source. Somehow this practice not only skews the scientific database but it creates repetition to waste reader's time as well as the time of editors and peer reviewers, who must also handle each paper separately.
Unit 3
The document discusses publication ethics, including defining authorship, avoiding plagiarism and fabrication, managing conflicts of interest, and addressing misconduct. It introduces guidelines from organizations like COPE and WAME that provide best practices for publication ethics. Adhering to ethical standards is important to ensure high-quality scientific research and public trust in findings. Journals have processes to identify and handle cases of unethical behavior.
Publication ethics
This document discusses various publication ethics issues including duplicate publication, authorship, scientific misconduct, and conflicts of interest. It provides definitions and examples of these issues, noting that journals exist to enhance the scientific database but also other interests like profits. The document cites a study that found around 0.04% of papers involved plagiarism and 1.35% involved duplicate publication. It discusses best practices for authorship including determining order upfront and documenting responsibilities. Conflicts of interest can mislead readers and include financial, personal, political or academic interests. The Committee on Publication Ethics was founded to address integrity concerns in medical journal publishing.
Open Access Publications PPT.pdf
Open Access (OA) is a system provide access to knowledge resources with free of cost and other restrictions. This PPT answer to the questions what, why, types, benefits etc. and also describes the creative commons licensing, concept of predatory journals, open access journals, and Sharpa RoMeO.
Violation of publication ethics.pptx
Violation of publication ethics can take several forms, including data manipulation, duplicate publication, simultaneous submission, plagiarism, and salami slicing. Upholding publication ethics is important to establish the integrity and credibility of scholarly research. It is the responsibility of authors to avoid fabricating or manipulating data, plagiarizing, submitting manuscripts to multiple journals simultaneously, or including guest authors who did not meaningfully contribute. Organizations like COPE and ICMJE provide guidelines to help authors, editors, and reviewers maintain high standards of ethical publication practices.
IDENTIFICATION OF PUBLICATION MISCONDUCT, COMPLAINTS & APPEALS IN ETHICS
IDENTIFICATION OF PUBLICATION MISCONDUCT, COMPLAINTS & APPEALS IN ETHICSDEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF DELHI
The document discusses publication misconduct, complaints, and appeals. It defines publication misconduct and explains why it is a problem. The various forms of misconduct are identified such as plagiarism, data fabrication, and authorship issues. Methods for identifying and preventing misconduct like utilizing plagiarism detection software and transparent reporting are presented. The process for publication complaints is outlined including how complaints can arise and the steps in the complaint process. Publication appeals are defined and the steps in the appeal process like submitting the appeal and editorial review are described. Finally, the importance of uniform publication ethics standards for all peer-reviewed journals is emphasized.Introduction to COPE and Publication Ethics
This document provides an introduction to COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) and discusses publication ethics. It describes COPE's mission to educate and advance knowledge around safeguarding scholarly integrity. COPE membership includes over 12,500 members in over 100 countries representing various subject areas. The document outlines some of the key challenges in publication ethics according to COPE's membership surveys, including a lack of training in research and publication ethics. It also summarizes different types of ethics issues that may arise, such as plagiarism, authorship disputes, conflicts of interest, and fraud. Resources provided by COPE to support publication ethics are mentioned.
Scientific misconduct
This document discusses scientific misconduct in research such as fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism. It notes that fabrication is the invention of data and falsification is the alteration of experimental results. While rates of misconduct vary, some studies suggest 2-14% of scientists have engaged in fabrication or falsification. Motivations for misconduct include academic pressure and desire for recognition. Consequences include career damage, loss of credentials, and erosion of public trust in research. Preventing misconduct requires strong policies, oversight, and education regarding ethical research practices.
Avoid salami slicing and duplicate publication
In academia, the pressure to publish is high and the competition intense. This can lead authors to follow unethical publication practices, such as salami slicing, duplicate publication, and simultaneous submission. This slide deck explains these malpractices and shares tips on how authors can avoid them.
Research Misconduct
This document discusses research misconduct and outlines its harms, definitions, taxonomy, and common principles of research integrity. It notes that research misconduct undermines public trust, corrupts the scientific record, and leads to false conclusions. The document defines research misconduct according to the US Commission on Research Integrity and British Consensus Panel. It ranks misconduct in four levels of seriousness, from fabrication/falsification/plagiarism to lesser issues. Finally, it presents a "misconduct triangle" of opportunity, rationalization, and incentive, and lists common principles of research integrity.
COPE General Intro Core Practices
COPE Asia-Pacific Workshop 2018 will feature an interactive cases workshop on publication ethics. The agenda includes an introduction to COPE, case presentations, table discussions of the cases, and a review of the cases. COPE promotes integrity in research and publication by assisting editors through policies and practices reflecting transparency and integrity principles. COPE describes its core practices for preserving scholarly integrity. The workshop will use real cases submitted to COPE's forum to demonstrate how editors can handle ethics issues like authorship disputes, plagiarism allegations, and data manipulation claims. Attendees will discuss potential responses to each case in small groups.
II Ethics with respect to Science & Research.ppt
This document discusses ethics with respect to science and research. It defines ethics and explains that ethics deals with judgements about human conduct and what is considered right or wrong behavior. The document then discusses research ethics and explains that what is considered acceptable or unacceptable ways of conducting research can vary in different contexts. Finally, it outlines several key principles of ethics in research, including duty to society, beneficence, informed consent, integrity, and protecting privacy and confidentiality of research participants.
Salami Slicing in Research Publications
Dividing a research study into multiple small publications, known as "salami slicing", is considered an unethical practice. It dilutes the visibility of the overall research and makes it harder for other researchers to grasp the full significance of the work. However, in some cases where a research project involves different groups across disciplines studying a wide range of topics, publishing multiple related studies can be justified to disseminate findings to various audiences. The goal should be conveying the overall impact of the extensive work, not fabricating extra conclusions or citations.
Publication misconduct FINAL.pptx
Publication misconduct refers to unethical behavior in publishing, such as fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, inappropriate authorship, and duplicate or overlapping publications. It undermines the integrity of research. Reasons for misconduct include career pressures, lack of training, and inadequate supervision. Consequences include losing one's career and destroying public trust in researchers. Key types of misconduct are fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, inappropriate authorship, duplicate submission, overlapping publication, and salami publishing. Retractions can help make misconduct visible but have limitations as they may not provide full details or be widely disseminated. More transparency is needed regarding misconduct to help prevent and address it.
Duplicate publications and simultaneous submissions
Duplicate publications and simultaneous submissionsEditage Insights (Resources for authors and journals)
Ethical research and publication practices are essential for honest scholarly and scientific research. Most journals today are keenly aware of this: they publish policies on these issues and expect authors to “be aware of, and comply with, best practice in publication ethics”.This article discusses two widespread and related publishing practices that are considered unethical—duplicate publication and simultaneous submission. It draws on definitive international publication ethics guidelines.Scientific Misconduct
One of the most important research ethical issues that should be taken into consideration is “scientific misconduct” such as fabrication, falsification and plagiarism. Plagiarism can occur at any stage of the research activities such as reporting, communicating, authoring, and peer review. The purpose of this workshop is to engage researchers in their responsibility to conduct an ethical research.
Ethical Publishing for Academic and Research Integrity.pdf
The talk is given at the National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo, Japan on 24th January 2019 by Dr. Sangeeta Dhamdhere, Librarian, PES Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
Significance of Ethics for Science and Research.pptx
The presentation provides information about the significance of Ethics in Science and Research for researchers and educators.
More Related Content
What's hot
Publication ethics
This document discusses publication ethics and outlines guidelines for ethical publishing. It begins by defining publication and the key parties involved - authors, editors, peer reviewers, and publishers. Authors should contribute significantly to the work and properly attribute contributions from others. Unethical practices include guest and gift authorships, plagiarism, and research fraud through fabrication or falsification of data. Conflicts of interest should be disclosed. Predatory journals are identified as having questionable standards and practices aimed at profit rather than quality. UGC works to identify and remove predatory journals from their listings to help researchers identify legitimate publication options. Overall the document provides guidance on ethical authorship, reviewing, editing and publishing of research.
Intellectual Honesty and Research Integrity.pptx
Intellectual honesty is an applied method of problem solving, characterized by an unbiased, honest attitude, which can be demonstrated in a number of different ways including:
Ensuring support for chosen ideologies does not interfere with the pursuit of truth;
Relevant facts and information are not purposefully omitted even when such things may contradict one's hypothesis;
Facts are presented in an unbiased manner, and not twisted to give misleading impressions or to support one view over another;
References, or earlier work, are acknowledged where possible, and plagiarism is avoided. practices.
For individuals, research integrity is an aspect of moral character and experience. It involves above all a commitment to intellectual honesty and personal responsibility for one's actions and to a range of practices that characterize responsible research conduct.
Selective Reporting and Misrepresentation.pptx
Selective reporting and misrepresentation of data can lead to false conclusions and flawed decision making. Selective reporting involves intentionally presenting only information that supports a viewpoint while ignoring contradictory information. Misrepresentation distorts data to create a false impression. Both can occur through publication bias, outcome reporting bias, data dredging, spin, selective citation, data falsification, cherry-picking, manipulation, misinterpretation, and omission. Researchers should ensure transparency, present all relevant data, use appropriate statistical methods, verify sources, obtain independent review, follow ethical standards, and acknowledge limitations to avoid these issues.
publication misconduct.pptx
This document discusses various types of academic misconduct, including fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism. It defines fabrication as the construction of data that was never actually observed or measured. Falsification is changing or omitting results to support a claim. Plagiarism involves using others' work and ideas without proper citation. The document provides several examples of academic misconduct, such as conducting research on humans without informed consent, ghost authorship, and image manipulation. It emphasizes the importance of ethical research practices.
Redundant Publications.pptx
Redundant, Duplicate and Repetitive publications are the most important concerns in the scientific research/literature writing. The occurrence of redundancy affects the concepts of science/literature and carries with it sanctions of consequences. To define this issue is much challenging because of the many varieties in which one can slice, reformat, or reproduce material from an already published study. This issue also goes beyond the duplication of a single study because it might possible that the same or similar data can be published in the early, middle, and later stages of an on-going study. This may have a damaging impact on the scientific study/literature base. Similar to slicing a cake, there are so many ways of representing a study or a set of data/information. We can slice a cake into different shapes like squares, triangles, rounds, or layers. Which of these might be the best way to slice a cake? Unfortunately, this may be the wrong question. The point is that the cake that is being referred to, the data/ information set or the study/findings, should not be sliced at all. Instead, the study should be presented as a whole to the readership to ensure the integrity of science/technology because of the impact that may have on patients who will be affected by the information contained in the literature/findings. Redundant, duplicate, or repetitive publications occur when there is representation of two or more studies, data sets, or publications in either electronic or print media. The publications can overlap partially or completely, such that a similar portion, major component(s), or complete representation of a previously/simultaneous ly or future published study is duplicated.
SALAMI SLICING: The slicing of research publication that would form one meaningful paper into several different papers is known as salami publication or salami slicing. Unlike duplicate publication, which involves reporting the exact same data in two or more publications, salami slicing involves breaking up or segmenting a large study into two or more publications. These segments are called slices of a study. As a general rule, as long as the slices of a broken-up study share the same hypotheses, population, and methods, this is not acceptable in general practice. The same slice should never be published more than once at all. According to the United States Office of Research Integrity (USORI), salami slicing can result in a distortion of the literature/findings by leading unsuspecting readers to believe that data presented in each salami slice (journal article) is derived from a different subject sample/source. Somehow this practice not only skews the scientific database but it creates repetition to waste reader's time as well as the time of editors and peer reviewers, who must also handle each paper separately.
Unit 3
The document discusses publication ethics, including defining authorship, avoiding plagiarism and fabrication, managing conflicts of interest, and addressing misconduct. It introduces guidelines from organizations like COPE and WAME that provide best practices for publication ethics. Adhering to ethical standards is important to ensure high-quality scientific research and public trust in findings. Journals have processes to identify and handle cases of unethical behavior.
Publication ethics
This document discusses various publication ethics issues including duplicate publication, authorship, scientific misconduct, and conflicts of interest. It provides definitions and examples of these issues, noting that journals exist to enhance the scientific database but also other interests like profits. The document cites a study that found around 0.04% of papers involved plagiarism and 1.35% involved duplicate publication. It discusses best practices for authorship including determining order upfront and documenting responsibilities. Conflicts of interest can mislead readers and include financial, personal, political or academic interests. The Committee on Publication Ethics was founded to address integrity concerns in medical journal publishing.
Open Access Publications PPT.pdf
Open Access (OA) is a system provide access to knowledge resources with free of cost and other restrictions. This PPT answer to the questions what, why, types, benefits etc. and also describes the creative commons licensing, concept of predatory journals, open access journals, and Sharpa RoMeO.
Violation of publication ethics.pptx
Violation of publication ethics can take several forms, including data manipulation, duplicate publication, simultaneous submission, plagiarism, and salami slicing. Upholding publication ethics is important to establish the integrity and credibility of scholarly research. It is the responsibility of authors to avoid fabricating or manipulating data, plagiarizing, submitting manuscripts to multiple journals simultaneously, or including guest authors who did not meaningfully contribute. Organizations like COPE and ICMJE provide guidelines to help authors, editors, and reviewers maintain high standards of ethical publication practices.
IDENTIFICATION OF PUBLICATION MISCONDUCT, COMPLAINTS & APPEALS IN ETHICS
IDENTIFICATION OF PUBLICATION MISCONDUCT, COMPLAINTS & APPEALS IN ETHICSDEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF DELHI
The document discusses publication misconduct, complaints, and appeals. It defines publication misconduct and explains why it is a problem. The various forms of misconduct are identified such as plagiarism, data fabrication, and authorship issues. Methods for identifying and preventing misconduct like utilizing plagiarism detection software and transparent reporting are presented. The process for publication complaints is outlined including how complaints can arise and the steps in the complaint process. Publication appeals are defined and the steps in the appeal process like submitting the appeal and editorial review are described. Finally, the importance of uniform publication ethics standards for all peer-reviewed journals is emphasized.Introduction to COPE and Publication Ethics
This document provides an introduction to COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) and discusses publication ethics. It describes COPE's mission to educate and advance knowledge around safeguarding scholarly integrity. COPE membership includes over 12,500 members in over 100 countries representing various subject areas. The document outlines some of the key challenges in publication ethics according to COPE's membership surveys, including a lack of training in research and publication ethics. It also summarizes different types of ethics issues that may arise, such as plagiarism, authorship disputes, conflicts of interest, and fraud. Resources provided by COPE to support publication ethics are mentioned.
Scientific misconduct
This document discusses scientific misconduct in research such as fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism. It notes that fabrication is the invention of data and falsification is the alteration of experimental results. While rates of misconduct vary, some studies suggest 2-14% of scientists have engaged in fabrication or falsification. Motivations for misconduct include academic pressure and desire for recognition. Consequences include career damage, loss of credentials, and erosion of public trust in research. Preventing misconduct requires strong policies, oversight, and education regarding ethical research practices.
Avoid salami slicing and duplicate publication
In academia, the pressure to publish is high and the competition intense. This can lead authors to follow unethical publication practices, such as salami slicing, duplicate publication, and simultaneous submission. This slide deck explains these malpractices and shares tips on how authors can avoid them.
Research Misconduct
This document discusses research misconduct and outlines its harms, definitions, taxonomy, and common principles of research integrity. It notes that research misconduct undermines public trust, corrupts the scientific record, and leads to false conclusions. The document defines research misconduct according to the US Commission on Research Integrity and British Consensus Panel. It ranks misconduct in four levels of seriousness, from fabrication/falsification/plagiarism to lesser issues. Finally, it presents a "misconduct triangle" of opportunity, rationalization, and incentive, and lists common principles of research integrity.
COPE General Intro Core Practices
COPE Asia-Pacific Workshop 2018 will feature an interactive cases workshop on publication ethics. The agenda includes an introduction to COPE, case presentations, table discussions of the cases, and a review of the cases. COPE promotes integrity in research and publication by assisting editors through policies and practices reflecting transparency and integrity principles. COPE describes its core practices for preserving scholarly integrity. The workshop will use real cases submitted to COPE's forum to demonstrate how editors can handle ethics issues like authorship disputes, plagiarism allegations, and data manipulation claims. Attendees will discuss potential responses to each case in small groups.
II Ethics with respect to Science & Research.ppt
This document discusses ethics with respect to science and research. It defines ethics and explains that ethics deals with judgements about human conduct and what is considered right or wrong behavior. The document then discusses research ethics and explains that what is considered acceptable or unacceptable ways of conducting research can vary in different contexts. Finally, it outlines several key principles of ethics in research, including duty to society, beneficence, informed consent, integrity, and protecting privacy and confidentiality of research participants.
Salami Slicing in Research Publications
Dividing a research study into multiple small publications, known as "salami slicing", is considered an unethical practice. It dilutes the visibility of the overall research and makes it harder for other researchers to grasp the full significance of the work. However, in some cases where a research project involves different groups across disciplines studying a wide range of topics, publishing multiple related studies can be justified to disseminate findings to various audiences. The goal should be conveying the overall impact of the extensive work, not fabricating extra conclusions or citations.
Publication misconduct FINAL.pptx
Publication misconduct refers to unethical behavior in publishing, such as fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, inappropriate authorship, and duplicate or overlapping publications. It undermines the integrity of research. Reasons for misconduct include career pressures, lack of training, and inadequate supervision. Consequences include losing one's career and destroying public trust in researchers. Key types of misconduct are fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, inappropriate authorship, duplicate submission, overlapping publication, and salami publishing. Retractions can help make misconduct visible but have limitations as they may not provide full details or be widely disseminated. More transparency is needed regarding misconduct to help prevent and address it.
Duplicate publications and simultaneous submissions
Duplicate publications and simultaneous submissionsEditage Insights (Resources for authors and journals)
Ethical research and publication practices are essential for honest scholarly and scientific research. Most journals today are keenly aware of this: they publish policies on these issues and expect authors to “be aware of, and comply with, best practice in publication ethics”.This article discusses two widespread and related publishing practices that are considered unethical—duplicate publication and simultaneous submission. It draws on definitive international publication ethics guidelines.Scientific Misconduct
One of the most important research ethical issues that should be taken into consideration is “scientific misconduct” such as fabrication, falsification and plagiarism. Plagiarism can occur at any stage of the research activities such as reporting, communicating, authoring, and peer review. The purpose of this workshop is to engage researchers in their responsibility to conduct an ethical research.
What's hot (20)
IDENTIFICATION OF PUBLICATION MISCONDUCT, COMPLAINTS & APPEALS IN ETHICS
IDENTIFICATION OF PUBLICATION MISCONDUCT, COMPLAINTS & APPEALS IN ETHICS
Duplicate publications and simultaneous submissions
Duplicate publications and simultaneous submissions
Similar to scientific misconduct
Ethical Publishing for Academic and Research Integrity.pdf
The talk is given at the National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo, Japan on 24th January 2019 by Dr. Sangeeta Dhamdhere, Librarian, PES Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
Significance of Ethics for Science and Research.pptx
The presentation provides information about the significance of Ethics in Science and Research for researchers and educators.
Research and Publication Ethics_Misconduct.pptx
Mr. Vijayakumar G gave a seminar on research misconduct. He defined research misconduct as intentional deviations from ethical research practices, such as fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in conducting, planning, or reporting research. He discussed the different types of research misconduct including fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, improper authorship, conflicts of interest, and failure to follow approvals. He also discussed reasons for research misconduct like career pressures, personal psychology, lack of training, insufficient supervision, and inadequate knowledge. Finally, he outlined the consequences of research misconduct which can include damage to reputation, loss of funding, retraction of papers, job loss, and legal actions.
Research writing
This document discusses key aspects of conducting research, including:
1) Research is defined as a careful, systematic investigation or experimentation aimed at discovering facts or interpreting theories. Basic research skills are important but are often overlooked in many educational systems.
2) Characteristics of good research include being empirical, logical, cyclical, analytical, replicable, critical, universal, and systematic. Ethical guidelines for researchers include honesty, objectivity, integrity, and respecting intellectual property.
3) The typical steps in conducting research are identifying a problem, formulating objectives, developing a framework, designing methodology, analyzing data, presenting conclusions, and taking action. Research can be qualitative or quantitative.
Avoiding plagiarism in this era of digital availability
This document discusses avoiding plagiarism in research. It defines research and outlines some key characteristics like novelty and originality. It also discusses research ethics and integrity, noting that ethics govern researchers' behavior and distinguish right from wrong. The document outlines six key principles for ethical research according to the Economic and Social Research Council in the UK. It provides examples of ethical principles researchers should follow, such as honesty, objectivity, integrity, and respecting intellectual property. The document concludes by defining three types of research misconduct: fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism.
3-The-Charactersitics-Processes-and-Ethics-of-Research.pdf
This document outlines the key characteristics and steps of the research process. It discusses the basic characteristics of research, including that research begins with a question, requires a plan, and deals with facts. It then describes the typical 14 steps of research: 1) identifying a question, 2) reviewing literature, 3) clarifying the problem, 4) defining terms, 5) defining the population, 6) selecting data collection methods, 7) developing an instrumentation plan, 8) collecting data, 9) analyzing data, 10) writing a paper, 11) citing sources, 12) concluding research, 13) proofreading, and 14) sharing results. Finally, it discusses the importance of ethics in research, including principles like honesty, objectivity
Research ethics and problems encountred by reseachers
Definition of research ethics
Objective of research ethics
Importance of research ethics
Principles of research ethics
Do’s and don'ts of research ethics
Problems encountered by researchers
Research Ethics and Academic Honesty
This document discusses research ethics and academic honesty. It begins by defining key terms related to research integrity and misconduct. The outline then discusses concepts of ethics, good and ethical research practices, ethical theories, data collection and presentation standards, authorship guidelines, and the process of obtaining funding. The document emphasizes principles of research ethics like autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, confidentiality, and integrity. It also defines and discusses research misconduct, including fabrication, falsification and plagiarism.
2.Ethics in Engineering Research.pptx
This document provides an overview of ethics in engineering research. It discusses key concepts like ethics versus morals, voluntary participation and informed consent, avoiding harm, privacy and confidentiality. Guidelines from organizations like ESRC and Elsevier on research integrity are summarized. Principles of engineering research ethics around topics like deception, risks/benefits, covert research, data issues, authorship disputes and intellectual property rights are also outlined. The goal is to introduce students to applying ethical standards in their own research.
2.Ethics in Engineering Research.pptx
This document provides an overview of ethics in engineering research. It discusses key concepts like ethics versus morals, voluntary participation and informed consent, avoiding harm, privacy and confidentiality. Guidelines from organizations like ESRC and Elsevier on research integrity are summarized. Principles of engineering research ethics around topics like deception, risks/benefits, covert research, data issues, authorship disputes and intellectual property rights are also outlined. The goal is to introduce students to applying ethical standards in their own research.
Characteristics of research
The document discusses various aspects of research ethics including:
1. Types of research misconduct such as plagiarism, fabrication, and falsification.
2. Principles of research ethics like honesty, objectivity, integrity, care, and openness in conducting and reporting research.
3. Responsible practices like maintaining confidentiality, publishing responsibly, mentoring students, respecting colleagues, considering social impacts, avoiding discrimination, and maintaining competence.
4. Special considerations for animal and human subjects research involving minimizing harm and gaining proper permissions.
Chapter 4 class version(1)
This document provides an overview and review of key topics in research ethics that will be covered in Chapter 4, including the relationship between society and science, professional issues in research, and the ethical treatment of research participants. It announces an upcoming exam on chapters 4, 5, and 6 that will include multiple choice, short answer, and possibly matching questions. A discounted membership to the Association for Psychological Science is also announced.
Dr Y S Sumathy Module 2 Assignment.pptx
1) Recruitment involves attracting potential research participants and retention involves keeping participants in the study until completion.
2) There are various recruitment methods like advertisements, referral letters, and registries. Retention strategies include flexible schedules, reminders, appreciation gifts, and developing trust with participants.
3) Barriers to recruitment and retention include long wait times, complex protocols, lack of awareness or distrust of research. Recent advances include using professional recruiters, market research, and informatics.
Motivation for Research in Radiology
This document provides motivation and guidance for pursuing research in radiology. It outlines both good and bad reasons for doing research, noting that good reasons include improving clinical skills and fostering collaborations. It emphasizes finding passion and patience, seeking mentorship, getting started with small projects, attending workshops, and presenting locally and nationally. Funding opportunities are discussed, including starting without funds. Overall, the key takeaways are to pursue research for the right reasons, find mentors, create plans, gain experience, and be persistent in seeking funding and opportunities.
PR1 Lesson 2.pptx
The document outlines the key characteristics of quality research including:
1. Research should be empirical, logical, cyclical, analytical, critical, and methodical based on direct experience, valid principles, starting and ending with a problem, proven data gathering procedures, careful judgement, and conducted without bias systematically.
2. Research design and procedures should be replicable to arrive at valid and conclusive results.
3. The research process involves defining the problem, reviewing literature, formulating hypotheses, designing the study, collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting and reporting results.
Research ethics
This document discusses research ethics. It defines ethics and research ethics, and explains the importance of ethics in promoting valid research, building trust, and accountability. Key stakeholders in research like participants, researchers, funding agencies are discussed. Important ethical issues related to participants include informed consent, privacy and preventing harm. Ethical issues for researchers include honesty, objectivity, and appropriate methodology. Ethical issues for funders include restricting research and potential misuse of findings. The conclusion emphasizes balancing these issues, following guidelines, and acting ethically despite challenges to uphold scientific integrity.
RESEARCH ETHICS.pptx
This document discusses research ethics and provides definitions and outlines of key topics in research ethics. It defines research ethics as the application of moral principles guiding research from inception to publication. It identifies the importance of ethics in protecting participants and building public support. The key principles of ethics discussed are consent, harm, privacy, and deception. Informed consent and minimizing risk of harm to participants are emphasized.
good researcher lecture
This is an instance of fabrication. Abo created fake data and reports about preliminary studies that were never actually conducted.
The consequences could include retraction of any publications containing the fabricated data, loss of funding, loss of job or position, loss of trust and credibility in the research community, and possible legal or institutional sanctions.
To avoid this situation, Abo should have been upfront with the grant agency that preliminary studies had not yet been conducted, but that he believed his proposed methods would be successful based on related work and scientific rationale. He could have requested pilot or feasibility funding to conduct initial studies before applying for a larger grant. Fabricating data is never acceptable.
Similar to scientific misconduct (20)
Ethical Publishing for Academic and Research Integrity.pdf
Ethical Publishing for Academic and Research Integrity.pdf
Significance of Ethics for Science and Research.pptx
Significance of Ethics for Science and Research.pptx
Avoiding plagiarism in this era of digital availability
Avoiding plagiarism in this era of digital availability
3-The-Charactersitics-Processes-and-Ethics-of-Research.pdf
3-The-Charactersitics-Processes-and-Ethics-of-Research.pdf
Research ethics and problems encountred by reseachers
Research ethics and problems encountred by reseachers
Lecture-4 Ethics of Research for research purposes.ppt
Lecture-4 Ethics of Research for research purposes.ppt
Recently uploaded
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
Bordettela is a gram negative cocobacilli spread by air born drop let
Shallowest Oil Discovery of Turkiye.pptx
The Petroleum System of the Çukurova Field - the Shallowest Oil Discovery of Türkiye, Adana
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
原版制作(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvement
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
SAR of Medicinal Chemistry 1st by dk.pdf
In this presentation include the prototype drug SAR on thus or with their examples .
Syllabus of Second Year B. Pharmacy
2019 PATTERN.
Recently uploaded (20)
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
scientific misconduct
- 1. WELCOME
- 3. What is Research? Research” is defined as an undertaking intended to extend knowledge through a disciplined inquiry or systematic investigation. Systematic methodological scientific approach for basic facts around a certain problem in order to find solutions based on these facts.
- 4. REASEARCHMISCONDUCT What is it? The Department of Health and Human Services defines research misconduct as: •Fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research results * Deliberate or repeated non-compliance with the regulations can be considered misconduct.
- 6. Fabrication: making up results and recording or reporting them Falsification: manipulation of research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing or omitting results such that the research is not accurately represented in the record Plagiarism: the appropriation of another’s ideas, processes, results, or words without giving proper credit
- 7. Criteria for Research Misconduct • Represents a significant departure from accepted practices • Has been committed intentionally, or knowingly, or recklessly; and • Can be proven by a preponderance of evidence • What is NOT misconduct: honest, unintentional error or honest differences of opinion
- 8. Top Ten “Poor” Behaviors: 1. Falsifying or ‘cooking’ research data 2. Ignoring major aspects of human-subject requirements 3. Not properly disclosing involvement in firms whose products are based on one‘s own research 4. Relationships with students, research subjects or clients that may be interpreted as questionable 5. Using another’s ideas without obtaining permission or giving due credit (plagiarism) 6. Unauthorized use of confidential information in connection with one’s own research 7. Failing to present data that contradict one’s own previous research 8. Circumventing certain minor aspects of human-subject requirements 9. Overlooking others' use of flawed data or questionable interpretation of data 10. Changing the design, methodology or results of a study in response to pressure from a funding source (falsification).
- 9. Other Behaviours •Publishing the same data or results in two or more publications •Inappropriately assigning authorship credit •Withholding details of methodology or results in papers or proposals •Using inadequate or inappropriate research designs •Dropping observations or data points from analyses based on a gut feeling that they were inaccurate •Inadequate record keeping related to research projects
- 10. Why does misconduct happen? •Publish or Perish Pressure •Desire to “get ahead” •Personal problems •Character issues •Cultural Differences
- 11. How is misconduct identified : •Suspected and reported by a colleague •Failure to confirm research results by own lab or others
- 12. Recommendations : •Adopt zero tolerance •Protect whistleblowers •Clarify how to report •Train the mentors •Model ethical behavior
- 13. Consequences of Misconduct •If misconduct takes place in a clinical trial, it places all subjects in that trial at possible safety risk •Withdrawal or correction of all pending and published papers and abstracts affected by the misconduct •Reprimand, removal from project, rank and salary reduction, dismissal •Restitution of funds to the granting agency •Ineligibility to apply for grants for years The end of your research career!
- 14. Dealing with Misconduct •Prevention –Identify and eliminate/minimize risk factors for misconduct •Detection –Monitor and recognize signs of fraud •Correction –Promptly investigate and report fraud
- 15. Institutional Requirements •Establish policies and procedures for investigating and reporting instances of alleged research misconduct •Provide training and education •Promote responsible conduct of research •Provide support to assist with correcting incidences of misconduct •Provide annual report •Promote Professionalism!
- 16. How to maintain research ethics and avoid scientific misconduct? Before conduct of research • Develop clear research plan (who will do what when and how) • Submit protocol to ethical review • Prepare (communicate) well with your research community • Agree on authorship During conduct of research • Follow the approved protocol • Gain consent • Involve the community • Protect yourself, your team, & your participants • Regularly check your data After research • Share your study report(s) with • Return ‘something’ back to the researched community • Publish following publication ethics • Use Reference Management Software
- 17. Responsible Research Conduct : •The Office of Research Integrity (ORI) defines research integrity as “adherence to rules, regulations, guidelines, and commonly accepted professional codes or norms.” •Research integrity is essential to ensure the reliability of research results and to preserve public support for research.