Gravitational waves are ripples in spacetime caused by accelerating massive objects like binary star systems and merging black holes. On February 11, 2016, the LIGO and Virgo collaborations announced the first direct observation of gravitational waves from a merging black hole system over 1 billion lightyears away. Even the strongest gravitational waves have an extremely small effect on Earth, requiring sophisticated detectors like LIGO to detect the tiny changes in length they cause.