Biometrics uses measurements of biological characteristics to identify individuals. Common biometric scanning devices include face scanners, hand scanners, fingerprint scanners, iris/retina scanners, and voice analyzers. Iris and retina scanners are generally the most secure as the iris and retina cannot be duplicated, while voice recordings can bypass voice analyzers. Emerging research is exploring biometrics based on brain and heart signals, which could provide even more secure identification.