This document provides an overview of biometrics, which uses physiological or behavioral characteristics to identify individuals. It defines biometrics and discusses the two main modes of biometric systems: identification, which compares a signature to multiple records, and verification, which compares a signature to a previously collected record from the same individual. The document outlines various biometric techniques including fingerprint, facial, hand, iris, retina, voice, signature, and keystroke recognition. It also discusses applications of biometrics in security and law enforcement.

1. BIOMETRICS
PRESENTED BY
RAMEESHA SADAQAT

2. PRESENTATION OUTLINES
• DEFINITION OF BIOMETRICS
• MODES OF BIOMETRICS
• BIOMETRICS CHARACTERISTICS
• BIOMETRICS RECOGNITION TECHNIQUES
• VARIOUS BIOMETRIC TECHNIQUES
• APPLICATIONS
• CONCLUSION

3. DEFINITION OF BIOMETRICS
• The meaning of Biometrics comes from the Greek
• BIOMETRY= BIO means LIFE & METRY means TO
MEASURE.
• Biometrics is the science and technology of
MEASURING & ANALAYZING BIOLOGICAL DATA.
• Biometrics are automated method of recognizing
a person based on a PHYSIOLOGICAL or
BEHAVIORAL characteristics.

4. MODES OF BIOMETRICS
• Biometric system can operate in two modes.
• Identification
• Verification

5. IDENTIFICATION
Biometric identification compares a biometric
“signature” to all the records stored in a database
to determine if there is a match.

6. VERIFICATION
Biometric verification compares a newly-scanned
biometric characteristic to a measurement
previously collected from that same person to
verify that individual’s identity.

7. BIOMETRIC CHARACTERS
• Physiological
• Behavioral

8. PHYSIOLOGICAL BIOMETRICS
• Fingerprint
• Facial Recognition
• Hand geometry
• Iris scan
• Retina Scan

9. FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION
• A live acquisition of a persons
fingerprint.
• Dots ( very small ridges)
• Space (between two temporarily
divergent ridges)
• Spurs (a notch protruding from a ridge)
• Bridges (small ridges joining two
longer adjacent ridges)
• Crossovers ( two ridges that cross each
other)

10. FACIAL RECOGNITION
• Capture image
• Find face in image
• Extract features
(store template)
• Compare templates
• Declare matches

11. HAND GEOMETRY
• Hand or finger geometry is automated measurement
of many dimensions of the hand and fingers.

12. IRIS RECOGNITION
• Iris scanning measures the iris pattern in the colored
part of eye.

13. RETINA RECOGNITION
• Images back of the
eye and compares
blood vessels with
existing data.

14. BEHAVIORAL BIOMETRICS
• Speaker/Voice Recognition
• Signature/Hand Writing
• Keystroke/patterning

15. SPEAKER/VOICE RECOGNITION
• Voice or speaker recognition uses vocal characteristics
to identify individuals using a pass-phrase.
• A telephone or microphone can serve as a sensor.

16. SIGNATURE VERIFICATION
• An automated method of measuring an
individuals signature.
• This technology examines speed, direction and
pressure of writing; the time that the stylus is in
and out of contact with the ‘paper’

17. KEYSTROKE DYNAMICS
• Keystroke dynamic is an automated method of
examining an individuals keystrokes on keyboard.
• This technology examines such dynamics as speed,
pressure and total time taken to type particular words.

18. VARIOUS BIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGIES

19. MARKET DISTRIBUTION(2007)

20. APPLICATIONS
• Prevent unauthorized access to ATMs, cellular
phones and desktop PCs
• Criminal Identification
• In automobiles biometric can replace keys with
keyless entry devices
• Airport Security

21. CONCLUSION
• Biometric is an emerging area with many
opportunities for growth.
• Possibly in the near future, you will not have to
remember PINs and password and keys in your
bags or pockets will be things of past.