This document discusses satellites and satellite communication. It begins by defining a satellite as an artificial body placed in orbit around a planet to collect information or enable communication. It then discusses the history of satellites, including the first artificial satellite Sputnik 1 launched by the Soviet Union in 1957. The document goes on to explain what satellite communication is, the different types of orbits such as geostationary and polar orbits, advantages of geostationary satellites, components of satellite communication systems, and functions of satellites such as surveillance, navigation, television distribution, and satellite telephones.

2. What is meant by Satellite
• An artificial body
placed in orbit round the
earth or another planet
in order to collect
information or for
communication.

3. History of satellite
• Sputnik 1: The first
artificial satellite to
orbit Earth. The first
artificial satellite was
Sputnik 1, launched by
the Soviet Union on
October 4, 1957, and
initiating the Soviet
Sputnik program

4. Cont…
Telstar
• The first true satellite
that is for
communication is
launched by American
telecommunication in
1962

5. Cont…
First Indian
satellite launched
by ISRO in the
year of 19th April
1975

7. What is meant by satellite
communication ?
• In satellite communication, signal transferring between
the sender and receiver is done with the help of
satellite.
• In this process, the signal which is basically a beam of
modulated microwaves is sent towards the satellite.
• Then the satellite amplifies the signal and sent it back
to the receiver’s antenna present on the earth’s
surface.
• So, all the signal transferring is happening in space.
• Thus this type of communication is known as space
communication.

9. Orbit

10. How satellite is switched into orbit

11. Different types of orbits
• Synchronous orbit or geostationary orbit
• Polar orbit
• Inclined orbit

12. Geostationary orbit
• A geostationary orbit, geostationary Earth
orbit or geosynchronous equatorial orbit
(GEO) is a circular orbit 35,786 kilometers
(22,236 mi) above the Earth's equator and
following the direction of the Earth's rotation.

14. Advantages of Geostationary satellites
• It can cover entire earth surface
• It is not necessary to rotate dish antenna on
earth
• Continuous communication is possible

15. Polar Orbit

16. Inclined orbit

17. Satellite communication systems

18. Signal Transmission

19. Telemetry , Tracking, Command

20. Tracking

21. Commands

22. Uplink and down link frequencies

23. Communication subsystem

24. Related definitions
1. Footprint
2. Altitude
3. Station keeping
4. Look angle
5. Solar eclipse

25. Footprint

26. Altitude

27. Station keeping

28. Look angle

29. Solar eclipse

30. Functions of satellites
1. Surveillance
2. Navigation
3. TV Distribution
4. Satellite telephone