This document provides an overview of our universe and the objects within it. It begins by defining astronomy as the scientific study of celestial objects. It then describes various celestial bodies such as the moon, stars, constellations, and planets within our solar system. The solar system section details the eight major planets - Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune - and provides one or two key facts about each planet, such as their orbital positions and distinguishing physical characteristics. The document aims to inform the reader about the major astronomical objects that make up our universe at a high level.

1. Our Universe

2. INDEX
• Astronomy
• The Moon and its Phases
• Stars
• Constellations
• The Solar System
• Other Celestial Objects in the Solar System
• Galaxies And The Universe

3. Astronomy
• Astronomy is the scientific study of celestial
objects
• Scientists who pursue Astronomy are called
Astronomers
• It Should Not be confused With Astrology(The
study of the positions and motions of celestial bodies in the
belief that they have an influence on the course of natural
earthly occurrences and human affairs)

4. The Moon
• The moon is the most prominent celestial
object in the night. It is not a luminous Body, It
reflects the light of the Sun
• It is a natural satellite of the Earth
• The Distance of moon from Earth is 384,400
Km

5. Phases Of Moon
• The Changes In the Shape of the Moon as
Observed from the sun from earth are known
as Phases of Moon
• The Moon Has 4 Phases – Full Moon, Half
Moon, Crescent Moon And New Moon

6. Surface of the Moon
• The Surface of the moon is dry and barren
with neither air nor water to sustain life. Its
Surface consists of cratered highlands and
smooth plains. It has many craters of different
depths, and several high and steep mountains

7. Stars
• A star is a massive, luminous sphere of plasma
held together by its own gravity. The nearest
star to Earth is the Sun, which is the source of
most of the planet's energy. Some other stars
are visible from Earth during the night,
appearing as a multitude of fixed luminous
points due to their immense distance

8. Constellations

9. What is Solar System
• The Sun, its planets and all the objects moving
around them collectively are called Solar
System.
• The Solar System is entirely dependent on Sun
& the only one which is self- luminous i.e
which has its own light.
• Rest of the planets reflect the light received
from Sun

10. Solar System

11. Sun –Star of the Solar System
• It ‘s the heaviest
among solar system
• It is a ball of hot
burning gases.
• It is the nearest star to
the earth.
• The light from the Sun
takes appx. 8 minutes
to reach Earth.

12. Planets

13. Planets
• Planet word comes from Greek ,which means wandering
star.
• Planets are heavenly bodies ,which revolve around the Sun
in elliptical orbits.
• Earlier it was considered there were 9 planets in Solar
system but lately one planet called Pluto was de-classified
from being a planet.
• All planets fall in 2 groups
Inner Planets: Mercury , Venus, Mars and Earth are called
inner planets.
Outer Planets: These are Jupiter , Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

14. • Between Inner & Outer Planets ,there is a ring
of small bodies , which are made of rock &
metal, these are called Asteroids. They also
keep moving around the Sun .This ring is also
called Asteroids Belt.

15. Mercury –The Innermost Planet
• It is named after
messenger of the
Roman gods
• It is the closest planet
to the Sun
• Large variations in day
(400 degree C) & night (-
180 degree C) time
temperatures.
www.makemegenius.com
Free Science Videos for Kids

16. Venus –The Veiled Planet
• Venus is surrounded
by thick cloud cover
,that is why it is called
“Veiled Planet”.
• It is brightest &
hottest planet.
• It is named after
Roman goddess of
love & beauty .
www.makemegenius.com
Free Science Videos for Kids

17. Earth –The Blue Planet
• It is also known as
watery planet, because
70% of its surface is
covered by water.
• It reflects about 1/3rd of
sunlight it receives .The
earth’s atmosphere
scatters the light &
creates a blue effect,so
it is also called Blue
Planet..
• Only planet having life .

18. Earth –The Blue Planet
• It orbits the Sun once in about 365 Earth days.
• It rotates about its own axis, thus creating day &
night. It takes 24 hours to do that.
• It revolves around sun, due to its tilt ,seasons are
created.
• Due to gravity, the layer of gases remain attached
to it (which is known as atmosphere), it prevents
too much heat or UV rays from Sun reaching
earth.
• Moon is the only satellite of the Earth.

19. Mars –The Red Planet
• It is named after
the Roman god of war.
• It is often described as
the "Red Planet", as
the iron oxide prevalent
on its surface gives it
a reddish appearance

20. Jupiter –The Giant Planet
• It is named after
the Roman god Jupiter
(ruler of Roman gods)
• Jupiter is the largest
planet within the Solar
System
• It has a great Red Spot
,it is rotating storm
system inside the
planet.

21. Jupiter –The Giant Planet
• Jupiter rotates faster than any other planet.
• It completes one rotation in 10 hours
• Jupiter has a faint ring system, these rings
appear to be made of dust.
• This is also a windy planet as the fast rotation
causes high winds.
• It has 16 planets.

22. Saturn –The Jewel Planet
• Saturn is the
sixth planet from
the Sun and the second
largest planet in
the Solar System,
after Jupiter.
• It is named after
the Roman god Saturn
• Saturn is classified as
a gas giant planet
It is the most beautiful planet in solar system because of its spectacular rings

23. Uranus –A planet on its
• Uranus appears to lie
on its side.
• It is named after
the Roman god of the
sky.
• The only planet which
rotates on its axis from
east to west.

24. Uranus –A planet on its
• It has at least ten thin uniform black rings
,which are made of dust.
• It has 27 known satellites
• It is a very cold planet ,it receives 370 times
less sunlight than Earth as it is far away from
sun as compared to Earth.
• Its core is very rocky.

25. Neptune –The Last Giant
• Most distant gas
planet.
• It is named after
the Roman god of the
sea .
• Most windy planet

26. Neptune –The Last Giant
• Can’t be seen with naked eye
• It has 8 known satellite
• As it is very far from Sun,it completes an orbit
on average every 164.79 years.
• The average distance between Neptune and
the Sun is 4.50 billion km.
• Neptune was the first planet found by
mathematical prediction.