sampling methods
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Multistage sampling is a complex form of cluster sampling that involves multiple stages of sampling. It has advantages like being effective for primary data collection while being cost and time effective with flexibility. However, it can be subjective and findings may not fully represent the population. Purposive sampling selects elements based on the research purpose and objectives, being moderately cost effective but more biased. Snowball sampling is a non-probability technique where current subjects refer new subjects, allowing hidden populations to be reached cost effectively with little planning. However, bias from oversampling networks can occur and errors and representatives cannot be determined.
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sampling methods
- 1. SOUMYA.S
- 3. Multistage sampling is a complex form of cluster sampling. Contains two or more stages in sample collection.
- 4. • ADVANTAGES
- 5. Effective in primary data collection Cost effectiveness and time effectiveness High level of flexibility
- 7. High level of subjectivity Research findings can never be 100% representatives of population. The presence of group level information is required
- 9. Elements are chosen from among the whole population based on purpose of the study Main objective is that the researcher with his good decision and appropriate policy chooses those elements which are meant for fulfilling the research objective
- 10. ADVANTAGES Moderately economic in terms of cost and time because of small sample size Closely related to the problem of study Useful for certain types of forecasting
- 11. DISADVANTAGES Useful only when the researcher has the complete knowledge about the population More biased Impurities of the sample cannot be judged
- 12. SNOWBALL SAMPLING Non probability sampling technique Snowball sampling technique works as a chaining system
- 13. TYPES OF SNOWBALL SAMPLING
- 14. LINEAR SNOWBALL SAMPLING Formation of a sample group starts with only subject and subject provides only one referral. The referral is recruited into the sample group and he or she also provides only one new referral. This pattern is continued until the sample group is fully formed.
- 15. EXPONENTIAL NON DISCRIMINATIVE SAMPLING The first subject recruited to the sample group provides multiple referrals. Each new referral is explored until primary data from sufficient amount of samples are collected.
- 16. EXPONENTIAL DISCRIMINATIVE SAMPLING Subjects give multiple referrals, however only one new subject is recruited among them The choice of a new subject is guided by the aim and objectives of the study
- 17. ADVANTAGES Ability to recruit hidden populations. Possibility to collect primary data in cost effective manner. A very little planning is required to staet primary data collection.
- 18. DISADVANTAGES Over sampling of a particular network of peers can lead to bias. It is not possible to determine sampling errors. There is no guarantee about the representatives of samples.
Editor's Notes
- The researcher is well aware of attributes and characteristics of the population unit. The sample is selected keeping the problem of study in mind for its purposeful solution. The results obtained are policy affected and bit biased.
- Understanding of the whole group is not very easy. Statistically the obtained results through this technique are less reliable.
- Mostly researchers used this sampling technique where participants are difficult to locate in a general population. 2 imp points to be remember, To find one or more research participants for research To take reference of participants to get more sample size in research.
- Respondants may be hesitant to provide names of peers and asking them to do so may raise ethical concerns. It is not possible to determine the actual pattern of distribution. It is not possible to determine the sampling errors and make statistical interferences from the sample to the population due to the absence of random selection of samples.