This chapter discusses systems design and the major design activities involved in systems development. It outlines the difference between systems analysis and systems design, and describes the key design activities which include designing the environment, application architecture, user interfaces, system interfaces, database, and security controls. The chapter also covers designing for internal deployment on a local network as well as external deployment over the internet, and various hosting alternatives for internet deployment.
discuss about System system analysis, system design, system analyst's role, Development of System through analysis, SDLC, Case Tools of SAD, Implementation, etc.
software design is very crusial thing to manage therfore software 'software design is very crusial thing to manage therfore software software design is very crusial thing to manage therfore software software design is very crusial thing to manage therfore software
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
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👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
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This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
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UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
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1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
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4. Demo
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Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
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Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
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Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
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https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
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https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
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Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
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2. Essentials of Design an the
Design Activities
Chapter 6
Systems Analysis and Design
in a Changing World 6th Ed
Satzinger, Jackson & Burd
3. Chapter 6 Outline
The
Elements of Design
Inputs and Outputs for Systems Design
Design Activities
Design Activity: Design the Environment
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
3
4. Learning Objectives
Describe
the difference between systems
analysis and systems design
Explain each major design activity
Describe the major hardware and network
environment options
Describe the various hosting services
available
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
4
5. Overview
Analysis says “what” is required and design tells us
“how” the system will be configured and constructed
Chapters 2, 3, 4 and 5 covered systems analysis
activities (requirements)
This chapter introduces system design and the
design activities involved in systems development
Design bridges the gap between requirements to
actual implementation
Objective of design is to define, organize, and
structure the components of the final solution to
serve as a blue print for construction
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
5
6. Major Components of Design
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
6
7. Two Levels of Design
Architectural Design
Broad design of the overall system structure
Also called General Design and Conceptual Design
Detailed Design
Low level design that includes the design of the specific
program details
Design of each use case
Design of the database
Design of user and system interfaces
Design of controls and security
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
7
11. Design Activities and Key Question
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
11
12. Design Activities:
Design the environment
The environment is all of the technology
required to support the software application
Servers, Desktop computers
Mobile devices, Operating systems
Communication capabilities, Input and output
capabilities
In Chapter 2 this was called the Technology
Architecture
This activity is discussed in more detail later in
the chapter
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
12
13. Design Activities:
Design the application architecture and software
Partition system into subsystems
Define software architecture
Three layer or model-view-controller
Detailed design of each use case
Design class diagrams
Sequence diagrams
State machine diagrams
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
13
14. Design Class
Diagram
Detail design for
two use cases:
Process New Sale
Make payment
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
14
15. Design Activities:
Design the user interfaces
Dialog design begins with requirements
Use case flow of activities
System sequenced diagram
Design adds in screen layout, look and feel,
navigation, user experience
Now we require interface design for many
different environment and devices
Smart phone
Notebooks, tablets, iPads
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
15
16. Design Activities:
Design the system interfaces
Information system interacts with many other
systems, internal and external
Much more integration now
System interfaces connect with other systems
in many different ways
Save data another system uses
Read data another system saved
Real time request for information
Software services
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
16
17. System to system interface
using XML
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
17
18. Design Activities:
Design the database
Starting with the domain model class diagram
(or ERD)
Choose database structure
Usually relational database
Could be ODBMS framework
Design architecture (distributed, etc.)
Design database schema
Tables and columns in relational
Design referential integrity constraints
Foreign key references
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
18
20. Design Activities:
Design the security and system controls
Protect
the organization’s assets
Becomes crucial in Internet and wireless
User interface controls
Application controls
Database controls
Network controls
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
20
21. Design the Environment
The design activity now in more detail
Design
Stand alone software systems
for Internal Deployment
Run on one device without networking
Internal network-based systems
Local area network, client-server architecture
Desktop applications and browser-based
applications
Three-layer client server architecture
View layer, domain layer, and data layer
Desktop and browser based applications
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
21
23. Internal Network Terminology
Local area network
Client-server architecture
a computer network configuration with user’s computers
and central computers that provide common services
Client computers
a computer network in which the cabling and hardware
are confined to a single location
the computers at which the users work to perform their
computational tasks
Server computer
the central computer that provides services (such as
database access) to the client computers over a network
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
23
24. Internal Network Terminology
Browser-based
Hypertext markup language (HTML)
internal network
the predominant language for constructing Web
pages and which consists of tags and rules about
how to display pages
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP)
The foundation protocol of the Internet; used to
provide reliable delivery of messages between
networked computers
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
24
25. Three Layer Architecture
Three Layer Client-Server Architecture
View layer
the part of the three-layer architecture that contains the user
interface
Business logic layer or domain layer
a client/server architecture that divides an application into view
layer, business logic layer, and data layer
the part of a three-layer architecture that contains the
programs that implement the business rules and processes
Data layer
the part of a three-layer architecture that interacts with the data
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
25
28. Design the Environment
(continued)
Design
Configuration for Internet deployment
for External Deployment
Advantages and risks
Hosting Alternatives for Internet deployment
Colocation
Managed services
Virtual Servers
Cloud computing
Diversity of Client Devices with Internet
deployment
Full size, tablets and notebooks, smart phones
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
28
30. Configuration for Internet
Deployment
Advantages
Accessibility—Web-based applications are accessible to a
large number of potential users (including customers, suppliers,
and off-site employees).
Low-cost communication—The high-capacity networks that
form the Internet backbone were initially funded primarily by
governments. Traffic on the backbone networks travels free of
extra charges to the end user. Connections to the Internet can
be purchased from a variety of private Internet service providers
at relatively low costs.
Widely implemented standards—Web standards are well
known, and many computing professionals are already trained in
their use.
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
30
31. Configuration for Internet
Deployment
Potential Problems
Security—Web servers are a well-defined target for security
breaches because Web standards are open and widely known.
Wide-scale interconnection of networks and the use of Internet
and Web standards make servers accessible to a global pool of
hackers.
Throughput—When high loads occur, throughput and response
time can suffer significantly. The configuration must support not
only daily average users but also a peak-load number of users.
Changing standards—Web standards change rapidly. Client
software is updated every few months. Developers of widely
used applications are faced with a dilemma: Use the latest
standards to increase functionality or use older standards to
ensure greater compatibility with older user software.
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
31
32. Configuration for Internet
Deployment
Security
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)
improved by:
an encrypted form of information transfer on the Internet
that combines HTTP and TLS
Transport Layer Security (TLS)
An advanced version of Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
protocol used to transmit information over the Internet
securely
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
32
34. Hosting Alternatives for Internet
Deployment
Hosting:
Running and maintaining a computer system on
someone’s behalf where the application software and
the database reside
The process of providing physical servers at a secure
location and selling those services to other
businesses that wish to deploy Web sites
Issues when considering hosting alternatives
Reliability, security, physical facilities, staff, potential
for growth
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
34
35. Hosting Alternatives for Internet
Deployment (continued)
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
35
36. Hosting Alternatives for Internet
Deployment (continued)
Colocation
Managed Services
a hosting service with a secure location but in which the
computers are usually owned by the client businesses
a client owns software but may want to purchase
additional services, such as installing and managing the
operating system, the Internet servers, database servers,
and load balancing software
Virtual servers
the client company leases a virtual server that is
configured as a real server, with a certain amount of CPU
capacity, internal memory, hard drive memory, and
bandwidth to the Internet
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
36
37. Hosting Alternatives for Internet
Deployment (continued)
Cloud Computing
an extension of virtual servers in which the resources
available include computing, storage, and Internet access
and they appear to have unlimited availability
a client should be able to buy computing capacity much
like one purchases such a utility as water or electricity
the client shouldn’t have to be concerned with such
environmental issues as how or where this computing
capacity is provided, just as an individual doesn’t have to
worry about how electricity is generated
Service Level Agreement
For all alternatives, part of the contract between a
business and a hosting company that guarantees a
specific level of system availability
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
37
38. Diversity of Client Devices with
Internet Deployment
Full size devices
Mid level tablet devices
Desktops, laptops, 15-27” high resolution
Tablets 8-10 inches, landscape or portrait mode,
lower resolution, might need specific view layer
Small mobile computing devices
Very small screens, regular web sites hard to read,
really need specific view layer for mobile web viewing
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
38
39. Design for Remote, Distributed
Environment
Two interfaces to same Web app for internal vs.
external access
Back end, Front end UI to same Web app
Not as secure
Virtual private network (VPN)
Closed network with security and closed access built
on top of a public network (Internet)
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
39
43. Summary
This chapter discussed system design, the six design
activities, and designing the environment.
System design is he bridge between requirements and
implementation—a blue print for what needs to be built.
Design occurs at two levels: architectural design and
detail design.
Models of the functional requirements (domain model
class diagrams, use case diagrams, system sequence
diagrams, use case descriptions, state machine diagrams,
and activities diagrams) are used as the basis for creating
design models.
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
43
44. Summary (continued)
There are six design activities: design the environment,
design the application architecture and software, design
user interfaces, design system interfaces, design the
database, and design system controls and security.
The first activity, Design the environment, is covered in
detail. This includes designing for internal deployment
and design for external deployment.
Important issues are three layer architecture, deploying
using the Internet, and hosting alternatives.
Hosting alternatives include colocation, managed
services, virtual servers, and cloud computing.
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6t
44