The document discusses problems faced by Indian agriculture and potential solutions. Key problems include: 1) Reliance on monsoon rainfall for irrigation which is unpredictable; 2) Low profits for farmers compared to other countries due to lack of technology and infrastructure; 3) Inefficient distribution networks with multiple mediators increasing costs for farmers. Potential solutions proposed are increasing government spending on agriculture, developing irrigation infrastructure, improving distribution networks with technology, and increasing investment in seed research.

1. Team – Sachin gupta & others.
MANTHAN
Sowing prosperity – boosting agriculture in india

2. INTRODUCTION:
• INDIA is an agricultural dependent
economy .
• 52% of Indian population depends upon
agriculture .
• The contribution of agriculture in GDP in
2012 is approximately 14.6% .
• The Indian economy is mainly divided
into three parts – agriculture sector,
industrial sector and business sector in
which industrial and business sectors are
growing at a speed but agriculture is
declining day by day .
• In April-Sept 2011 , the percentage of
agriculture in national income was 14.2 %.
• There has been a 7-9% fluctuation in the
agriculture sown land in India (in hectares)
Index is added ahead.

3. •Problems faced by Indian Agriculture :
• GDP – Only 0.3% of GDP is used in agricultural
survey ,whereas in America , the percentage is 4%.
Irrigation by monsoon- Indian agricultural land
still depends upon monsoon for irrigation,upto 60%
land in India is irrigated by monsoon,but as we know
Monsoon is a natural factor and it is impossible to control it , so it can be
profitable sometimes but we cannot see a bright way with a help of that.
Talking about the Govt. policies and processes, according to a govt. survey
in 1990-91 ,only 33.3 % of total cultivated land has been able to use the
irrigation. Other than that rest are still dependent upon nature.
• Less profit in cultivation – In India , a farmer only gets upto 10 to 23%
of profit by its cultivation (after reducing all loses and expenses) whereas in
European union or America ,a same farmer is able to get a profit of 64 to
81% . There is no difference in the quality at a major way but due to the
quality of technology used by them and infrastructures, they are getting
way ahead from us.

4. GDP – Only 0.3% of GDP
is used in agricultural
survey ,whereas in
America , the percentage
is 4%.
Problems faced by Indian Agriculture
It must be a great step if we start
spending more share of the GDP in the
agriculture sector/survey . It will also
attract the public and the farmers
attention which can become a great step
in this industry for its sustainability.

5. Irrigation by monsoon- Indian agricultural land still depends
upon monsoon for irrigation,upto 60% land in India is
irrigated by monsoon,but as we knowMonsoon is a natural
factor and it is impossible to control it , so it can be profitable
sometimes but we cannot see a bright way with a help of
that.
Talking about the Govt. policies and processes, according to a
govt. survey in 1990-91 ,only 33.3 % of total cultivated land
has been able to use the irrigation. Other than that rest are
still dependent upon nature.
Problems faced by Indian Agriculture
Dependancy over rainfall several time
causes a big problem for cultivaters. A
self efficient irrigation system must be
established. Proper facilities for rain
water cultivation must be arranged, so
that we can properly use our natural
resource

6. Less profit in cultivation – In India , a farmer only
gets upto 10 to 23% of profit by its cultivation (after
reducing all loses and expenses) whereas in European
union or America ,a same farmer is able to get a profit
of 64 to 81% . There is no difference in the quality at a
major way but due to the quality of technology used
by them and infrastructures, they are getting way
ahead from us.
Problems faced by Indian Agriculture
Less profit in cultivation- As we have seen earlier Indian farmers were
compared with the farmers in America or European union in the case
of profit. This is a problem with a major concern. Since India is an
agriculture dependent economy but if the farmer will not have its
right profit delivered , how can we assume to have a healthy economy.
The only solution to this problem is to get aware about it and have
facilities delivered to the farmers. So that they can also compete with
the other farmers and have us delivered best quality grains . One
major case involved in this, is the mixing of false and low graded seeds
has come out . Due to this mixing , the originality of the seeds is
getting wasted and the farmer is not able to have the correct share.
We must remove this illness from our system so that the quality and
the cost of the crop is regained and the farmers will be able to have a
good profit.

7. Mediators in Indian market- farmers in India are
not able to cover up there whole cost and a main
reason behind this can also be said as the mediators
. The mediator system acts as a communication
system between Govt. and farmers . Somewhere
they are also responsible for the price hike or low
payment to the farmers .
Problems faced by Indian Agriculture
Mediators in Indian market- Our grain distribution network
has become outdated and it needs to be replaced not
repaired; if possible then by technology for sure. It’ll help
everyone even it’s a farmer or a purchaser to get exact
value and exact material directly from farms in much
transparent way also it’ll provide accurate data statics
about the contribution of agriculture in GDP which is
14.2%.

8. Lack of infrastructures for the agriculture - According to a survey
conducted in India , at least half of the productivity of the
agriculture is wasted due to lack of cold storage or other
infrastructures. Below in the index the productivity of Indian
agriculture is given.
Problems faced by Indian Agriculture

9. Problems faced by Indian Agriculture :
• Mediators in Indian market- farmers in India are not able to cover up there whole
cost and a main reason behind this can also be said as the mediators . The mediator
system acts as a communication system between Govt. and farmers . Somewhere they
are also responsible for the price hike or low payment to the farmers .
• Lack of infrastructures for the agriculture - According to a survey conducted in India ,
at least half of the productivity of the agriculture is wasted due to lack of cold storage or
other infrastructures. Below in the index the productivity of Indian agriculture is given.
• Irregular use of pesticides and insecticides – Due to less awareness between the
farmers in india , we are facing some of the major diseases in our population which are
emerging due to the use of pesticides at a hazardous level. As a farmer is not such
aware about the measurement or the quantity of pesticides that should be used ,hence
the crop produced by them is not fit even for the consumption of the animals . And as a
consequence this is affecting us at a very high level.
Agriculture productivity in India, growth in average yields from 1970 to 2010
Crop[13] Average YIELD,
1970-1971
Average YIELD,
1990-1991
Average YIELD,
2010–2011
kilogram per
hectare
kilogram per
hectare
kilogram per
hectare[56]
Rice 1123 1740 2240
Wheat 1307 2281 2938
Pulses 524 578 689
Oilseeds 579 771 1325
Sugarcane 48322 65395 68596
Tea 1182 1652 1669
Cotton 106 225 510
Less efficiency of Seeds-Farmers in india
are also having a major problems with
the seeds. They are not getting quality
seeds available to them and as an
output , the quality of crop is also
degraded. Lack of research in this field is
a major factor. We don’t have adequate
research and thus our farmers and we
,are deprived of good quality food.

10. Solutions for the problems discussed in this presentation –
 As we have already said about GDP, it must be a great step if we start spending more
share of the GDP in the agriculture sector/survey . It will also attract the public and
the farmers attention which can become a great step in this industry for its
sustainability.
 Irrigation –
 Less profit in cultivation- As we have seen earlier Indian farmers were compared
with the farmers in America or European union in the case of profit. This is a
problem with a major concern. Since India is an agriculture dependent economy but
if the farmer will not have its right profit delivered , how can we assume to have a
healthy economy. The only solution to this problem is to get aware about it and have
facilities delivered to the farmers. So that they can also compete with the other
farmers and have us delivered best quality grains . One major case involved in this, is
the mixing of false and low graded seeds has come out . Due to this mixing , the
originality of the seeds is getting wasted and the farmer is not able to have the
correct share. We must remove this illness from our system so that the quality and
the cost of the crop is regained and the farmers will be able to have a good profit.
 Mediators in Indian market- Our grain distribution network has become outdated
and it needs to be replaced not repaired; if possible then by technology for sure. It’ll
help everyone even it’s a farmer or a purchaser to get exact value and exact material
directly from farms in much transparent way also it’ll provide accurate data statics
about the contribution of agriculture in GDP which is 14.2%.

11. Solutions for the problems discussed in this presentation –
 Lack of Infrastructure for Agriculture- In India the status of infrastructure for
agriculture is very rigid. According to statics of Directorate of Marketing and
Inspection there are total approx. 5381 cold storages in India and over ninety five
percent are in private sectors and have a very high rate due to which an average -
farmer with a normal expenditure on his crop is not able to get this facility and as a
consequence more than half of productivity of farmer gets destroyed. As a solution
we can have these cold storage undertook by govt. and held them in cooperation
with the private sectors so that the domination over them can also be reduced.
 Irregular use of pesticides and fertilizers – this problem is evolving in our country on
a very big scale. Due to less awareness between farmers they are using these
pesticides in the crops at a hazardous level which not only effects our health but also
effects the fertility of the soil and some of the fertilizers are even so dangerous that a
constant of use of them can make the land barren . To remove such problem , we
must have a regular audition of the land by agricultural scientist who will check the
quality of the land and will suggest the best to the farmer accordingly by which the
productivity and quality both will increase and will end up with a profit to the
farmer himself. Even we can have these chemical fertilizers removed and introduce
compost as a biological manure . This will also reduce the cost price of the fertilizers
and will not effect our health at a major way.

12. Solutions for the problems discussed in this presentation-
Less efficiency of seeds- this is the most basic and not known problem faced in india ,
as there are not much research institutes in india over this and the farmers are not so
aware too. Seeds are the fundamental unit of agriculture and when they are not of
good quality , then it will be a cheating to assume for a good crop. So we must
forwardly act on this topic and should take an efficient step to remove this as soon as
possible . Suggesting a way in this matter from my side will be to increase the research
on this topic and should develop varieties of seeds which will be according to the
climatic condition of india and hence under them can give us a major productivity.
Reference-
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Lucent’s general knowledge- 2012 year’s edition