The document summarizes spectrum issues facing mobile broadband including a looming spectrum crunch as demand increases. It notes the limited amount of spectrum allocated for commercial use and congestion already occurring. Short term solutions include using satellite spectrum bands, but long term solutions require a multi-year process to free additional spectrum through incentive auctions or studies. The characteristics of different spectrum bands are also summarized.
To solve the 1000x mobile data challenge, we need more small cells, actually, much more, and everywhere— indoors and outdoors, in residences and in enterprises, in all the familiar flavors—3G, 4G and Wi-Fi, and in many different forms — femtos, picos, metros, relays, remote radio heads, distributed antenna systems, etc.! But, isn’t interference a limiting factor? How dense can we deploy them? Can we use new inside-out deployment models?. What are the future enhancements that takes HetNets to the next level?.
For more information, see also www.qualcomm.com/1000x
Download the presentation here: http://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/1000x-more-small-cells
Wireless Presentation for UT in Silicon Valley 2013Cockrell School
This document summarizes a presentation on new frontiers in ubiquitous mobile computing. It discusses how wireless networking research at UT Austin is addressing challenges like the increasing mobile data demand and video bandwidth bottleneck through techniques like heterogeneous networks with many low-power base stations. The research aims to optimize user experience for video delivery by exploiting knowledge of future network capacity variations, the perceptual and behavioral aspects of video quality, heterogeneity of video content and users' preferences. The goal is more intelligent video delivery infrastructure and 50-90% capacity gains over current approaches.
Fiber optic technology has been used commercially for around 25 years, though the concept is over a century old. It is now used for virtually all long distance telecommunications networks and many other applications due to its ability to transmit more data over longer distances with less interference than copper wire. While initially seen as expensive and difficult to work with, fiber optic cable has become cheaper than alternatives like copper and easier to install and test with equipment costs under $1000. It is now the dominant cable for most telecommunications uses both inside and outside of buildings.
Wireless communication is a communication method that utilizes the characteristics of electromagnetic wave signals propagating in free space to exchange information. Wireless communication technology has many advantages and low cost. Wireless communication technology does not need to establish physical lines, and it does not need a lot of manpower to lay cables. Moreover, wireless communication technology is not limited by the industrial environment, and it has strong ability to resist environmental changes. Also relatively easy, compared to the traditional wired communication setup and maintenance, wireless network maintenance can be completed through remote diagnosis, more convenient; scalability is strong, when the network needs to be expanded, wireless communication does not need to expand the wiring; flexibility, wireless The network is not limited by the terrain of the environment, and when the use environment changes, the wireless network can be adapted to the requirements of the new environment with little adjustment.
This document discusses WiMAX technology and its applications. It begins by defining WiMAX and comparing it to other wireless technologies such as WiFi, DSL, and cable. It then addresses whether WiMAX will replace these existing broadband technologies. While WiMAX provides broadband wireless access not available in all areas, DSL and cable will likely continue to be deployed where infrastructure allows. The document goes on to describe the IEEE 802.16 standard that defines WiMAX and how it has evolved. It also explains WiMAX system models including point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and mesh topologies. Finally, it covers WiMAX's use as a metro-access option and details its physical layer technology which is based
A practical look at_lte_backhaul_capacity_requirementsgimbal123
This document summarizes a presentation about LTE backhaul capacity requirements. It discusses how:
- LTE site capacity needs are regularly overestimated, with a typical capacity of around 150 Mbps for a 10MHz LTE channel.
- Ring or mesh network topologies are best suited to meet high capacity needs and provide redundancy.
- Licensed microwave technology can effectively meet most LTE backhaul capacity requirements when deployed in a ring or mesh configuration, with capacities of 100-150 Mbps per link.
DualPath Architecture provides high-speed connectivity and 99.999% uptime by seamlessly switching between an optical wireless primary path and an RF secondary path. It combines the benefits of optical wireless technology, which provides fiber-like bandwidth but can be impacted by weather, and RF technology, which provides lower bandwidth but 99.999% uptime. Through proprietary switching between these paths, DualPath Architecture ensures no disruptions to voice or data services during switching. This integrated outdoor wireless solution addresses the shortcomings of standalone wireless options for enterprises and carriers seeking high-capacity, reliable connections.
This document compares fiber and wireless communication. Fiber communication transmits information via wires or cables using optical fibers, which can carry information faster than metal wires. It has applications in telecommunication, medical systems, networking, and more. Wireless communication transmits information via electromagnetic waves without wires. It allows for mobility and global coverage but can be less secure and have health effects. Both methods have advantages and disadvantages, and different wireless systems currently in use include cellular networks, Wi-Fi, satellites, and personal area networks. Fiber has less loss and interference than wireless but wireless allows communication without physical connections.
To solve the 1000x mobile data challenge, we need more small cells, actually, much more, and everywhere— indoors and outdoors, in residences and in enterprises, in all the familiar flavors—3G, 4G and Wi-Fi, and in many different forms — femtos, picos, metros, relays, remote radio heads, distributed antenna systems, etc.! But, isn’t interference a limiting factor? How dense can we deploy them? Can we use new inside-out deployment models?. What are the future enhancements that takes HetNets to the next level?.
For more information, see also www.qualcomm.com/1000x
Download the presentation here: http://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/1000x-more-small-cells
Wireless Presentation for UT in Silicon Valley 2013Cockrell School
This document summarizes a presentation on new frontiers in ubiquitous mobile computing. It discusses how wireless networking research at UT Austin is addressing challenges like the increasing mobile data demand and video bandwidth bottleneck through techniques like heterogeneous networks with many low-power base stations. The research aims to optimize user experience for video delivery by exploiting knowledge of future network capacity variations, the perceptual and behavioral aspects of video quality, heterogeneity of video content and users' preferences. The goal is more intelligent video delivery infrastructure and 50-90% capacity gains over current approaches.
Fiber optic technology has been used commercially for around 25 years, though the concept is over a century old. It is now used for virtually all long distance telecommunications networks and many other applications due to its ability to transmit more data over longer distances with less interference than copper wire. While initially seen as expensive and difficult to work with, fiber optic cable has become cheaper than alternatives like copper and easier to install and test with equipment costs under $1000. It is now the dominant cable for most telecommunications uses both inside and outside of buildings.
Wireless communication is a communication method that utilizes the characteristics of electromagnetic wave signals propagating in free space to exchange information. Wireless communication technology has many advantages and low cost. Wireless communication technology does not need to establish physical lines, and it does not need a lot of manpower to lay cables. Moreover, wireless communication technology is not limited by the industrial environment, and it has strong ability to resist environmental changes. Also relatively easy, compared to the traditional wired communication setup and maintenance, wireless network maintenance can be completed through remote diagnosis, more convenient; scalability is strong, when the network needs to be expanded, wireless communication does not need to expand the wiring; flexibility, wireless The network is not limited by the terrain of the environment, and when the use environment changes, the wireless network can be adapted to the requirements of the new environment with little adjustment.
This document discusses WiMAX technology and its applications. It begins by defining WiMAX and comparing it to other wireless technologies such as WiFi, DSL, and cable. It then addresses whether WiMAX will replace these existing broadband technologies. While WiMAX provides broadband wireless access not available in all areas, DSL and cable will likely continue to be deployed where infrastructure allows. The document goes on to describe the IEEE 802.16 standard that defines WiMAX and how it has evolved. It also explains WiMAX system models including point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and mesh topologies. Finally, it covers WiMAX's use as a metro-access option and details its physical layer technology which is based
A practical look at_lte_backhaul_capacity_requirementsgimbal123
This document summarizes a presentation about LTE backhaul capacity requirements. It discusses how:
- LTE site capacity needs are regularly overestimated, with a typical capacity of around 150 Mbps for a 10MHz LTE channel.
- Ring or mesh network topologies are best suited to meet high capacity needs and provide redundancy.
- Licensed microwave technology can effectively meet most LTE backhaul capacity requirements when deployed in a ring or mesh configuration, with capacities of 100-150 Mbps per link.
DualPath Architecture provides high-speed connectivity and 99.999% uptime by seamlessly switching between an optical wireless primary path and an RF secondary path. It combines the benefits of optical wireless technology, which provides fiber-like bandwidth but can be impacted by weather, and RF technology, which provides lower bandwidth but 99.999% uptime. Through proprietary switching between these paths, DualPath Architecture ensures no disruptions to voice or data services during switching. This integrated outdoor wireless solution addresses the shortcomings of standalone wireless options for enterprises and carriers seeking high-capacity, reliable connections.
This document compares fiber and wireless communication. Fiber communication transmits information via wires or cables using optical fibers, which can carry information faster than metal wires. It has applications in telecommunication, medical systems, networking, and more. Wireless communication transmits information via electromagnetic waves without wires. It allows for mobility and global coverage but can be less secure and have health effects. Both methods have advantages and disadvantages, and different wireless systems currently in use include cellular networks, Wi-Fi, satellites, and personal area networks. Fiber has less loss and interference than wireless but wireless allows communication without physical connections.
This document discusses how both licensed and unlicensed spectrum can be leveraged to solve the 1000x mobile data challenge. Licensed spectrum is the foundation for reliable mobile broadband services while unlicensed spectrum supports local area connectivity like Wi-Fi. New technologies are discussed that make more efficient use of all available spectrum, such as small cells, carrier aggregation, and authorized shared access of underutilized licensed bands. Qualcomm is positioned as a leader in technologies that optimize use of both licensed and unlicensed spectrum.
The document introduces Gi-Fi (Gigabit Fidelity) technology, which utilizes a single-chip integrated transceiver operating at 60GHz to allow for wireless transfer of audio and video data at speeds up to 5 gigabits per second over short ranges. This new technology aims to address limitations of existing wireless technologies like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi by providing faster speeds, lower power consumption, and short-range connectivity at a lower cost. The document discusses the development, working principles, advantages, and potential applications of Gi-Fi technology.
This presentation provides and overview of deploying multipoint microwave to backhaul a small cell network and was presented bu Dr John Naylon, CTO at CBNL, at the Packet Microwave and Backhaul Forum 2012.
5G networks are the next generation of mobile internet connectivity, providing faster speeds and lower latency than 4G LTE networks. They use cellular technology to divide geographic areas into small cells served by antennas connected to a core network. 5G can be implemented using low, mid, or high-frequency bands, with higher frequencies enabling gigabit speeds but more limited ranges. Standards development and initial deployments began in 2019, with widespread adoption expected by 2025 to support applications like enhanced mobile broadband, IoT, and autonomous vehicles.
4G, short for fourth generation, is the fourth generation of mobile telecommunications technology, succeeding 3G and preceding 5G. A 4G system, in addition to the usual voice and other services of 3G, provides mobile broadband Internet access, for example to laptops with wireless modems, to smartphones, and to other mobile devices. Potential and current applications include amended mobile web access, IP telephony, gaming services, high-definition mobile TV, video conferencing, 3D television, and cloud computing.
After the analysis of LoRa vs ZigBee technologies, you will learn about what is the difference between LoRa and ZigBee technology.
In LoRa vs ZigBee technology, LoRa is a variety of wireless technologies for IoT applications, which can form a local area network or wide area network.
In LoRa vs ZigBee technology, ZigBee is a low-power local area network protocol based on IEEE802.15.4 standard.
In LoRa vs ZigBee technology, LoRa technology has the characteristics of long-range, low power consumption (long battery life), multi-node, and low cost.
In LoRa vs ZigBee technology, ZigBee technology has the characteristics of close range, low complexity, low power consumption, low rate, and low cost.
When David helps Goliath: The Case for 3G OnloadingNarseo Rodriguez
HotNets'12
Access link can often be the bottleneck for application performance. In this paper, we propose to augment wired connections using cellular ones, that we term “3G onloading (3GOL)". 3GOL utilizes available mobile devices and alreadypaid-for data volumes to augment and improve performance of applications on wired network. We motivate 3GOL by understanding bottlenecks present in the wired and the cellular networks. In order to understand the potential benefits of 3GOL, we conduct active experiments using mobile devices. We show that capacity gains can scale linearly with the number of devices on the downlink while also seeing improvements on the uplink. Using real traces we show how video on demand can benefit with 3GOL, even when volume caps are in place. We design 3GOL as an over the top service, and highlight research challenges.
ATIC Summit - Community Broadband Workshop 11/13/12Mark Goldstein
The Arizona Telecom & Information Council (ATIC) recently held a Broadband Summit. This is the slide deck from the Community Broadband Workshop that I anchored and put together. Session description was "A primary strategy of the Digital Arizona Program (DAP) is to provide funding, technical assistance, and support to the four rural Councils Of Government (COGS) and/or local communities to create Broadband Planning Committees. These committees and other stakeholder groups will develop and implement plans to expedite deployment of affordable high speed broadband services to their rural communities and to enable those communities and citizens to use next generation Broadband to support 21st Century education and workforce development, create jobs and support economic and community development, enhance public safety as well as health care and government services, and connect their citizens to the world. When you attend this workshop you will learn about resources, strategies, and tools to support the development of your community plans and engagement of your community's stakeholders."
This document provides an overview of WiMAX technology, including what WiMAX is, its performance capabilities, comparisons to other wireless technologies like Wi-Fi and 3G, mobility features, current regulations, and challenges. It discusses key topics such as the IEEE 802.16 standard, range, scalability, bit rates, quality of service, and comparisons of features between WiMAX, Wi-Fi and 3G. It also briefly outlines business and technical challenges for WiMAX deployment.
Gi-Fi (Gigabit Fidelity) or Gigabit Wireless is the world's first handset incorporated on a solitary chip that works at 60GHz on CMOS process.
It transfers data at the rate of 5Gbps
It provides low power utilization in a scope of 10 meters .
The most striking feature of Gi-Fi technology is high security.
Gi-Fi refers to the faster versions of IEEE 802.11 standards.
It’s a 5x5 mm chip , Its small size makes it portable and deployment is quick.
Gi-Fi is a remote transmission framework which is multiple times quicker than Wi-Fi .
Now the files like videos, audios, or anything which has a large amount of data can be transferred from one device to another in a matter of seconds.
WiMAX is a wireless technology that provides broadband access over long distances. It can deliver high-speed internet access to both fixed and mobile users. WiMAX uses radio signals to transmit data between an antenna mounted on a structure like a tower and a wireless device. This allows it to provide broadband connectivity to areas where cable or DSL internet is unavailable or too expensive. WiMAX has advantages over WiFi like greater range, higher speeds, and less interference. While it promises high speeds and long ranges, its real-world performance depends on factors like line of sight, number of users, and environmental conditions. WiMAX can help provide emergency communications networks that are difficult to disrupt.
Gi-Fi is a new wireless technology that operates at 60GHz and allows data transfer speeds up to 5Gbps, 10 times faster than current technologies. It uses a single-chip transceiver and has applications for high-speed transfer of audio, video and large files between devices. Key advantages of Gi-Fi include high data rates, low power consumption, security due to 60GHz frequency absorption, and lower cost compared to existing technologies like Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Within 5 years, Gi-Fi is expected to become the dominant wireless networking technology and enable fully wireless homes and offices.
SCALABILITY CONCERNS OF CHIRP SPREAD SPECTRUM FOR LPWAN APPLICATIONSijasuc
Divergent modulation schemes have been proposed for the Internet of Things (IoT). Low Power Wide Area
Networks (LPWAN) technologies are gaining unprecedented acceptance in IoT application of sensor
networks. Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) is a prominent modulation technique proposed for LPWAN. Chirps
can traverse long distance and are resilient to noise and Doppler effects. Noise resilience along with
transmission range and low power requirement makes CSS a preferred modulation scheme for sensor
networks. LoRaWANTM, with its physical (PHY) layer using CSS, has emerged as the widely accepted
LPWAN solution. By using CSS modulation with orthogonal spreading factors (SF), LoRa offers wide
coverage to LPWAN applications while supporting a high volume of devices. However, scalability
performance of CSS has not been inadequately modeled. As with the suitability of the modulation scheme,
there are concerns on how chirps interact with the surrounding as the number of deployments bursts out
into higher volumes. We evaluate CSS at ISM band 868 MHz for spreading factor 7 to 12 at bandwidth 125
kHz for performance and scalability. Simultaneous transmissions were simulated with repeated iterations
and conclusions are arrived on collisions rate, packet error rate, and bit error. Suitability of using CSS for
sensor networks for future deployments is commended.
Mobile data traffic is exploding and the industry is now preparing for an astounding 1000x increase. Qualcomm is leading the charge through its compelling technologies and path breaking innovations in preparing the industry to meet this "1000x challenge."
This whitepaper sets the vision for the efforts needed by the industry to achieve this monumental goal; All the while providing solid proof points for the initial concepts and technologies that are building blocks of the overall vision.
This document discusses the history and advancements in optical communication using fiber optics. It covers:
- The introduction and commercialization of fiber optic communication systems from the 1970s to the 1990s for telecommunications networks.
- Key elements of fiber optic transmission systems including optical fibers, sources/detectors, and components like connectors, splices, and optical amplifiers.
- Advantages of fiber optics like small size, large bandwidth, and low loss over long distances.
- Emerging applications including fiber to the home, wavelength division multiplexing, and coherent optical transmission techniques.
- Components used in fiber optic systems like lasers, LEDs, photodiodes, and multiplexers.
U.S. Wireless Overview & Outlook Presentation (V02C)Mark Goldstein
The latest version (V02C) of my overview of wireless spectrum, technologies and opportunities in just 20 slides. Tried to capture all of today's wireless essentials in this brief briefing. Enjoy!
This document provides an overview of ultra-wideband (UWB) technology. UWB uses short radio pulses rather than modulated carrier waves for communication. It has advantages like high data transfer rates, low power usage, immunity to interference, and ability to pass through obstacles. UWB can be used for applications such as wireless local area networks, sensor networks, tracking/positioning, and communications. The document discusses UWB principles, technologies like impulse radio, challenges including standardization, and potential applications and advantages of UWB technology.
The document discusses LTE-Advanced (Release 10), which is an evolution of 3GPP's LTE mobile broadband standard. It provides key requirements and features of LTE-Advanced, which include:
1) Meeting ITU-R requirements for the IMT-Advanced standard and supporting additional spectrum identified in WRC07.
2) Being backwards compatible with and building upon LTE Release 8 and 9, while achieving higher peak data rates and capacities through new technologies like carrier aggregation and advanced MIMO.
3) Targeting peak downlink speeds of 1 Gbps and supporting bandwidths of up to 100 MHz to meet future operator and user demands for mobile broadband.
Small cells and femtocells are needed to address increasing mobile traffic demands and provide better coverage and service. They offer several benefits:
1) They provide more network capacity and better performance by offloading traffic from the macro network. This keeps pace with exponentially growing traffic demands.
2) They enable lower capital and operating expenses compared to traditional macro cells by reducing costs of site acquisition, installation, and power/maintenance needs.
3) They improve the user experience indoors where most data is used by enhancing service availability, data rates, and quality of service in bandwidth-constrained areas.
It was about Femto cells . When we have a major problems in wireless communication and there is a weak signal received by mobile station , we talk about femto cell which overcome this obstacle and cover a specific area that have the weak signal .
The document discusses the evolution of mobile technologies from 1G to 5G. It describes the key features of each generation including their development timelines and speed capabilities. 5G is presented as the next major phase that will offer speeds up to 1 Gbps, more capacity than previous generations, and make wireless communication almost limitless with incredible transmission speeds. The hardware and software requirements for 5G are outlined as using ultra wide band networks and smart antennas to achieve speeds 400 times faster than today's networks.
This document discusses how both licensed and unlicensed spectrum can be leveraged to solve the 1000x mobile data challenge. Licensed spectrum is the foundation for reliable mobile broadband services while unlicensed spectrum supports local area connectivity like Wi-Fi. New technologies are discussed that make more efficient use of all available spectrum, such as small cells, carrier aggregation, and authorized shared access of underutilized licensed bands. Qualcomm is positioned as a leader in technologies that optimize use of both licensed and unlicensed spectrum.
The document introduces Gi-Fi (Gigabit Fidelity) technology, which utilizes a single-chip integrated transceiver operating at 60GHz to allow for wireless transfer of audio and video data at speeds up to 5 gigabits per second over short ranges. This new technology aims to address limitations of existing wireless technologies like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi by providing faster speeds, lower power consumption, and short-range connectivity at a lower cost. The document discusses the development, working principles, advantages, and potential applications of Gi-Fi technology.
This presentation provides and overview of deploying multipoint microwave to backhaul a small cell network and was presented bu Dr John Naylon, CTO at CBNL, at the Packet Microwave and Backhaul Forum 2012.
5G networks are the next generation of mobile internet connectivity, providing faster speeds and lower latency than 4G LTE networks. They use cellular technology to divide geographic areas into small cells served by antennas connected to a core network. 5G can be implemented using low, mid, or high-frequency bands, with higher frequencies enabling gigabit speeds but more limited ranges. Standards development and initial deployments began in 2019, with widespread adoption expected by 2025 to support applications like enhanced mobile broadband, IoT, and autonomous vehicles.
4G, short for fourth generation, is the fourth generation of mobile telecommunications technology, succeeding 3G and preceding 5G. A 4G system, in addition to the usual voice and other services of 3G, provides mobile broadband Internet access, for example to laptops with wireless modems, to smartphones, and to other mobile devices. Potential and current applications include amended mobile web access, IP telephony, gaming services, high-definition mobile TV, video conferencing, 3D television, and cloud computing.
After the analysis of LoRa vs ZigBee technologies, you will learn about what is the difference between LoRa and ZigBee technology.
In LoRa vs ZigBee technology, LoRa is a variety of wireless technologies for IoT applications, which can form a local area network or wide area network.
In LoRa vs ZigBee technology, ZigBee is a low-power local area network protocol based on IEEE802.15.4 standard.
In LoRa vs ZigBee technology, LoRa technology has the characteristics of long-range, low power consumption (long battery life), multi-node, and low cost.
In LoRa vs ZigBee technology, ZigBee technology has the characteristics of close range, low complexity, low power consumption, low rate, and low cost.
When David helps Goliath: The Case for 3G OnloadingNarseo Rodriguez
HotNets'12
Access link can often be the bottleneck for application performance. In this paper, we propose to augment wired connections using cellular ones, that we term “3G onloading (3GOL)". 3GOL utilizes available mobile devices and alreadypaid-for data volumes to augment and improve performance of applications on wired network. We motivate 3GOL by understanding bottlenecks present in the wired and the cellular networks. In order to understand the potential benefits of 3GOL, we conduct active experiments using mobile devices. We show that capacity gains can scale linearly with the number of devices on the downlink while also seeing improvements on the uplink. Using real traces we show how video on demand can benefit with 3GOL, even when volume caps are in place. We design 3GOL as an over the top service, and highlight research challenges.
ATIC Summit - Community Broadband Workshop 11/13/12Mark Goldstein
The Arizona Telecom & Information Council (ATIC) recently held a Broadband Summit. This is the slide deck from the Community Broadband Workshop that I anchored and put together. Session description was "A primary strategy of the Digital Arizona Program (DAP) is to provide funding, technical assistance, and support to the four rural Councils Of Government (COGS) and/or local communities to create Broadband Planning Committees. These committees and other stakeholder groups will develop and implement plans to expedite deployment of affordable high speed broadband services to their rural communities and to enable those communities and citizens to use next generation Broadband to support 21st Century education and workforce development, create jobs and support economic and community development, enhance public safety as well as health care and government services, and connect their citizens to the world. When you attend this workshop you will learn about resources, strategies, and tools to support the development of your community plans and engagement of your community's stakeholders."
This document provides an overview of WiMAX technology, including what WiMAX is, its performance capabilities, comparisons to other wireless technologies like Wi-Fi and 3G, mobility features, current regulations, and challenges. It discusses key topics such as the IEEE 802.16 standard, range, scalability, bit rates, quality of service, and comparisons of features between WiMAX, Wi-Fi and 3G. It also briefly outlines business and technical challenges for WiMAX deployment.
Gi-Fi (Gigabit Fidelity) or Gigabit Wireless is the world's first handset incorporated on a solitary chip that works at 60GHz on CMOS process.
It transfers data at the rate of 5Gbps
It provides low power utilization in a scope of 10 meters .
The most striking feature of Gi-Fi technology is high security.
Gi-Fi refers to the faster versions of IEEE 802.11 standards.
It’s a 5x5 mm chip , Its small size makes it portable and deployment is quick.
Gi-Fi is a remote transmission framework which is multiple times quicker than Wi-Fi .
Now the files like videos, audios, or anything which has a large amount of data can be transferred from one device to another in a matter of seconds.
WiMAX is a wireless technology that provides broadband access over long distances. It can deliver high-speed internet access to both fixed and mobile users. WiMAX uses radio signals to transmit data between an antenna mounted on a structure like a tower and a wireless device. This allows it to provide broadband connectivity to areas where cable or DSL internet is unavailable or too expensive. WiMAX has advantages over WiFi like greater range, higher speeds, and less interference. While it promises high speeds and long ranges, its real-world performance depends on factors like line of sight, number of users, and environmental conditions. WiMAX can help provide emergency communications networks that are difficult to disrupt.
Gi-Fi is a new wireless technology that operates at 60GHz and allows data transfer speeds up to 5Gbps, 10 times faster than current technologies. It uses a single-chip transceiver and has applications for high-speed transfer of audio, video and large files between devices. Key advantages of Gi-Fi include high data rates, low power consumption, security due to 60GHz frequency absorption, and lower cost compared to existing technologies like Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Within 5 years, Gi-Fi is expected to become the dominant wireless networking technology and enable fully wireless homes and offices.
SCALABILITY CONCERNS OF CHIRP SPREAD SPECTRUM FOR LPWAN APPLICATIONSijasuc
Divergent modulation schemes have been proposed for the Internet of Things (IoT). Low Power Wide Area
Networks (LPWAN) technologies are gaining unprecedented acceptance in IoT application of sensor
networks. Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) is a prominent modulation technique proposed for LPWAN. Chirps
can traverse long distance and are resilient to noise and Doppler effects. Noise resilience along with
transmission range and low power requirement makes CSS a preferred modulation scheme for sensor
networks. LoRaWANTM, with its physical (PHY) layer using CSS, has emerged as the widely accepted
LPWAN solution. By using CSS modulation with orthogonal spreading factors (SF), LoRa offers wide
coverage to LPWAN applications while supporting a high volume of devices. However, scalability
performance of CSS has not been inadequately modeled. As with the suitability of the modulation scheme,
there are concerns on how chirps interact with the surrounding as the number of deployments bursts out
into higher volumes. We evaluate CSS at ISM band 868 MHz for spreading factor 7 to 12 at bandwidth 125
kHz for performance and scalability. Simultaneous transmissions were simulated with repeated iterations
and conclusions are arrived on collisions rate, packet error rate, and bit error. Suitability of using CSS for
sensor networks for future deployments is commended.
Mobile data traffic is exploding and the industry is now preparing for an astounding 1000x increase. Qualcomm is leading the charge through its compelling technologies and path breaking innovations in preparing the industry to meet this "1000x challenge."
This whitepaper sets the vision for the efforts needed by the industry to achieve this monumental goal; All the while providing solid proof points for the initial concepts and technologies that are building blocks of the overall vision.
This document discusses the history and advancements in optical communication using fiber optics. It covers:
- The introduction and commercialization of fiber optic communication systems from the 1970s to the 1990s for telecommunications networks.
- Key elements of fiber optic transmission systems including optical fibers, sources/detectors, and components like connectors, splices, and optical amplifiers.
- Advantages of fiber optics like small size, large bandwidth, and low loss over long distances.
- Emerging applications including fiber to the home, wavelength division multiplexing, and coherent optical transmission techniques.
- Components used in fiber optic systems like lasers, LEDs, photodiodes, and multiplexers.
U.S. Wireless Overview & Outlook Presentation (V02C)Mark Goldstein
The latest version (V02C) of my overview of wireless spectrum, technologies and opportunities in just 20 slides. Tried to capture all of today's wireless essentials in this brief briefing. Enjoy!
This document provides an overview of ultra-wideband (UWB) technology. UWB uses short radio pulses rather than modulated carrier waves for communication. It has advantages like high data transfer rates, low power usage, immunity to interference, and ability to pass through obstacles. UWB can be used for applications such as wireless local area networks, sensor networks, tracking/positioning, and communications. The document discusses UWB principles, technologies like impulse radio, challenges including standardization, and potential applications and advantages of UWB technology.
The document discusses LTE-Advanced (Release 10), which is an evolution of 3GPP's LTE mobile broadband standard. It provides key requirements and features of LTE-Advanced, which include:
1) Meeting ITU-R requirements for the IMT-Advanced standard and supporting additional spectrum identified in WRC07.
2) Being backwards compatible with and building upon LTE Release 8 and 9, while achieving higher peak data rates and capacities through new technologies like carrier aggregation and advanced MIMO.
3) Targeting peak downlink speeds of 1 Gbps and supporting bandwidths of up to 100 MHz to meet future operator and user demands for mobile broadband.
Small cells and femtocells are needed to address increasing mobile traffic demands and provide better coverage and service. They offer several benefits:
1) They provide more network capacity and better performance by offloading traffic from the macro network. This keeps pace with exponentially growing traffic demands.
2) They enable lower capital and operating expenses compared to traditional macro cells by reducing costs of site acquisition, installation, and power/maintenance needs.
3) They improve the user experience indoors where most data is used by enhancing service availability, data rates, and quality of service in bandwidth-constrained areas.
It was about Femto cells . When we have a major problems in wireless communication and there is a weak signal received by mobile station , we talk about femto cell which overcome this obstacle and cover a specific area that have the weak signal .
The document discusses the evolution of mobile technologies from 1G to 5G. It describes the key features of each generation including their development timelines and speed capabilities. 5G is presented as the next major phase that will offer speeds up to 1 Gbps, more capacity than previous generations, and make wireless communication almost limitless with incredible transmission speeds. The hardware and software requirements for 5G are outlined as using ultra wide band networks and smart antennas to achieve speeds 400 times faster than today's networks.
5G wireless technology will provide data speeds over 1Gbps and integrate different wireless technologies. It aims to create a unified wireless world without limitations of previous generations. 5G will support technologies like CDMA, OFDM and IPv6 to connect devices with high bandwidth. It faces challenges in providing high resolution services across different billing interfaces and networks on a large scale.
The document discusses the evolution of wireless technologies from 1G to 5G. It describes the key concepts and architecture of 5G, including its hardware, software, and features. 5G is expected to offer speeds up to 1 Gbps, make wireless communication almost limitless, and enable new applications through its high connectivity and capabilities. It concludes that 5G will be more user-centric and available at lower costs than previous generations of wireless technology.
The document summarizes the evolution of wireless technologies from 1G to 5G. It discusses the key features and limitations of each generation including the increasing data speeds and capabilities. The document compares technologies such as 2G, 3G, 4G and highlights how each new generation improved upon the previous by offering higher speeds and new services like texting, multimedia messaging and video calling. It concludes that 5G will provide wireless connectivity with almost no limitations and will be the next wireless standard after fully deploying in 2020.
An introduction to Wireless Small Cell NetworksMehdi Bennis
This document provides an introduction to small cell networks. It outlines that small cell networks are a necessary paradigm shift to meet increasing demand for mobile data by making cells smaller, denser, and smarter. Small cell networks include femtocells, picocells, relays, and device-to-device communications, which can operate with heterogeneous backhaul and be either closed, open, or hybrid access. Standardization efforts aim to enable interoperability, and self-organizing capabilities are important to maintain low costs as small cell density increases.
Wireless data traffic is increasing exponentially, posing challenges for cellular network capacity. Heterogeneous networks address this by deploying low-power small cells alongside traditional macro cells. This creates a complex RF environment with interference between tiers. Techniques like intelligent association algorithms and dynamic resource partitioning can enhance performance by improving coverage, balancing load, and managing interference across the heterogeneous network. Simulations evaluate the benefits of mixed macro and small cell deployments.
Wireless Mesh for OSP, Presented by Firetide at OSP ExpoFiretide
This document discusses the advantages of wireless mesh systems for outdoor surveillance projects. It reviews different wireless options and considerations for high-performance wireless networks. Wireless mesh networks can deploy virtually anywhere, extend wired infrastructure, and provide redundancy. However, they require more expertise than point-to-point or point-to-multipoint systems. The document examines wireless frequencies, topologies, throughput capabilities, security aspects, and best practices for planning and deploying a successful wireless mesh network for video surveillance and other applications.
MeshDynamics Mesh Networks- High Level OverviewMeshDynamics
MeshDynamics Third Generation Mesh Architecture: Earlier-generation mesh networking products perform poorly in multi-hop (node-to-node relay) environments. MeshDynamics' patented low latency multiple radio wireless mesh preserves high performance [over multiple hops] that's been available only in wired networks until today.
A Survey on Key Technology Trends for 5G NetworksCPqD
The document discusses key technology trends for 5G networks, including higher spectrum usage through technologies like carrier aggregation and operation in millimeter wave bands. It also covers multi-Gbps transmission rates using new waveforms, massive MIMO arrays, and highly dense and flexible network architectures utilizing small cells and network function virtualization. The conclusion is that 5G networks will be driven by data traffic growth and enable ubiquitous services, but further work is still needed to support innovative services in both urban and rural areas.
This document discusses Li-Fi technology, which uses visible light communication to transmit data wirelessly. Li-Fi was invented by German physicist Harald Haas in 2012 and uses LED lights to transmit data at speeds over 150 Mbps by varying the intensity of light faster than the human eye can detect. It has several advantages over Wi-Fi such as higher speed, more available spectrum, more security as light does not pass through walls, and is more efficient. Li-Fi has already been demonstrated successfully in transmitting data using an ordinary table lamp.
This document summarizes a study on IP over WDM networks. It discusses the motivations for using IP over WDM due to the exponential growth of IP traffic exceeding voice traffic. WDM technology allows multiple wavelengths on a single fiber, providing a good match for high capacity IP traffic needs. The document also covers IP traffic over WDM networks, MPLS approaches for IP over WDM including GMPLS control planes, and optical internetworking and signaling across network boundaries.
LTE Backhaul Challenges, Small Cells and the Critical Role of MicrowaveAviat Networks
Aviat Networks's chief technology officer
(CTO), Paul Kennard, offers a presentation to IEEE's Communications Society on the critical role microwave networking will play in the deployment of Small Cell backhaul to service the throughput needs of LTE 4G mobile telecommunications providers.
This document provides an overview of public safety broadband networks, FirstNet, and related topics:
1. It discusses LTE technology basics and performance for public safety broadband networks.
2. It introduces FirstNet, a new national public safety broadband network established by Congress, which will hold the license for the 700 MHz D Block spectrum and be responsible for deploying the network.
3. It outlines FirstNet's duties like determining access and use policies, developing RFPs, and consulting with states on planning for the new national network.
This is a comparison between picocell and Wifi APs if implemented as small cells in Hetnets. It may serve as preliminary information on the subject, much suited for beginners, not expert.
White spaces above 3 g hz and an applicationBrough Turner
At the Super WiFi Summit
White Spaces: The Radio Evolution
Tuesday ‐ 09/13/11 • 3:30-‐4:15pm
Brough Turner , Founder , netBlazr.com
Smart antennas and smart radios, Cognitive Radio and Beam Forming are on the verge of being incorporated into product. As we head toward these technologies, the opportunities exist for new models of service sharing and interconnection to deliver broadband solutions.
The document discusses various wireless connectivity technologies for internet of things applications. It introduces concepts like frequency bands, communication protocols, network topologies, and specific technologies including 6LoWPAN, Bluetooth, WiFi, and ZigBee. Each technology is described in terms of its data rates, range, advantages, and disadvantages. The conclusion states that the key challenge is selecting the appropriate connectivity technology for effective implementation of internet of things applications.
The document discusses optical wireless communication and free space optics. It provides an introduction to free space optics concepts, how free space optic systems work, their applications, advantages, components like transmitters and receivers, and compares LED and laser diode light sources. It also discusses propagation concepts, link budget calculations and considerations for signal propagation and data security in free space optic systems.
The document discusses 5G software defined networks for smart cities. It defines 5G according to the EU project METIS as a technology that supports 1000 times higher mobile data volume per area, 10 to 100 times more connected devices, 10 to 100 times higher typical user data rates, 10 times longer battery life, and 5 times reduced latency. It also discusses beyond LTE schemes having 10 times more serving antennas than active users and being flexible through modular small cell deployment. Finally, it presents a vision of 1Gbps/Km2 for 10 MHz bandwidth with less than 1W transmit power and a cloud SDR concept for 5G networks.
High level introduction to LTE Metrocells including reasons why, where/when deployed, factors to consider etc. Taster for the fully day Metrocell Masterclass - see https://www.thinksmallcell.com/Femtocell-Events/metrocell-masterclass-become-a-metrocell-expert-in-one-day.html
unleashing the potential of UAV swarms - Insyab Wireless (Nov'16)Ahmed Bader
The value proposition of dispatching multiple UAVs together to conduct a mission is unquestionable. The value proposition of UAV swarms is further enhanced when UAVs apply distributed processing and sensing algorithms. However, this mandates a robust wireless connectivity layer. Something that off-the-shelf wireless technologies fall short to offer.
Insyab Wireless has developed a novel mobile ad hoc networking (MANET) technology that is optimized for UAV swarm applications.
Ceragon Networks: Enabling Mobile Broadband in Asia - Creative ApproachesCeragon
Presentation from Mobile Backhaul Asia 2011. Enabling Broadband in Asia: Creative Approaches. How can network operators cost effectively upgrade their networks with additional expenditure to meet the increasing demand of smart phones and the heavy data volumes?
4G broadband services can address different market segments like broadband internet, video surveillance, smart power grids, and more. WiMAX offers benefits like bandwidth, spectral efficiency, and future-proofing for machine-to-machine applications. Key requirements for 4G solutions include being affordable, using open standards, supporting flexible spectrum and diverse networks/devices, and ensuring quality of service. WiMAX 2 advances the technology with wider channels, higher order MIMO, and backwards compatibility while maintaining the benefits of WiMAX like spectral efficiency and simple network architecture.
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
Enchancing adoption of Open Source Libraries. A case study on Albumentations.AIVladimir Iglovikov, Ph.D.
Presented by Vladimir Iglovikov:
- https://www.linkedin.com/in/iglovikov/
- https://x.com/viglovikov
- https://www.instagram.com/ternaus/
This presentation delves into the journey of Albumentations.ai, a highly successful open-source library for data augmentation.
Created out of a necessity for superior performance in Kaggle competitions, Albumentations has grown to become a widely used tool among data scientists and machine learning practitioners.
This case study covers various aspects, including:
People: The contributors and community that have supported Albumentations.
Metrics: The success indicators such as downloads, daily active users, GitHub stars, and financial contributions.
Challenges: The hurdles in monetizing open-source projects and measuring user engagement.
Development Practices: Best practices for creating, maintaining, and scaling open-source libraries, including code hygiene, CI/CD, and fast iteration.
Community Building: Strategies for making adoption easy, iterating quickly, and fostering a vibrant, engaged community.
Marketing: Both online and offline marketing tactics, focusing on real, impactful interactions and collaborations.
Mental Health: Maintaining balance and not feeling pressured by user demands.
Key insights include the importance of automation, making the adoption process seamless, and leveraging offline interactions for marketing. The presentation also emphasizes the need for continuous small improvements and building a friendly, inclusive community that contributes to the project's growth.
Vladimir Iglovikov brings his extensive experience as a Kaggle Grandmaster, ex-Staff ML Engineer at Lyft, sharing valuable lessons and practical advice for anyone looking to enhance the adoption of their open-source projects.
Explore more about Albumentations and join the community at:
GitHub: https://github.com/albumentations-team/albumentations
Website: https://albumentations.ai/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/100504475
Twitter: https://x.com/albumentations
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
20 Comprehensive Checklist of Designing and Developing a WebsitePixlogix Infotech
Dive into the world of Website Designing and Developing with Pixlogix! Looking to create a stunning online presence? Look no further! Our comprehensive checklist covers everything you need to know to craft a website that stands out. From user-friendly design to seamless functionality, we've got you covered. Don't miss out on this invaluable resource! Check out our checklist now at Pixlogix and start your journey towards a captivating online presence today.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Building RAG with self-deployed Milvus vector database and Snowpark Container...Zilliz
This talk will give hands-on advice on building RAG applications with an open-source Milvus database deployed as a docker container. We will also introduce the integration of Milvus with Snowpark Container Services.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
1. Spectrum
Engineering Realities
Peter Rysavy
http://www.rysavy.com
July 2012
1 Copyright 2012 Rysavy Research
2. U.S. Spectrum Crunch
Frequency Amount of Comments
Band Spectrum
700 MHz 70 MHz Ultra-High Frequency (UHF)
850 MHz 50 MHz Cellular
1.7/2.1 GHz 90 MHz Advanced Wireless Service (AWS)
1.9 GHz 120 MHz Personal Communications Service (PCS)
2.5 GHz 194 MHz Broadband Radio Service
(significantly less deployable)
600 MHz Up to 120 MHz Incentive auctions. Ten year process?
1755 to Up to 95 MHz NTIA study. Ten year process?
1850 MHz
• Roughly 500 MHz allocated for Commercial Mobile Radio Spectrum
• Rysavy Research and FCC models show looming spectrum crunch
• Congestion already occurring regularly
2 Copyright 2012 Rysavy Research
3. Urgent Need For Spectrum
Long process from first steps to use.
Shorter term:
• Mobile Satellite Services (MSS) spectrum
• 1755 -1780 MHz paired with 2155-2180
3 Copyright 2012 Rysavy Research
4. Spectrum Characteristics
• Harmonized bands
– Unusual bands inhibit ecosystems
– But all spectrum is valuable, e.g., WCS
• Band size
– LTE operates best in 10+10 MHz or higher
• Frequency
– Lower propagates further and penetrates better
• Spectral efficiency
– Depends on technology, not frequency
• Aggregation
– Possible with HSPA+, LTE
– Next best option after wider channels
4 Copyright 2012 Rysavy Research
5. Downlink Spectral Efficiency
Spectral efficiency: bandwidth available from spectrum
Approaching theoretical limits – limited future gains
Further details:
http://www.rysavy.com/Articles/2011_09_08_Mobile_Broadband_Explosion.pdf, page 56
5 Copyright 2012 Rysavy Research
6. High versus Low Spectrum
Lower frequencies:
• Longer propagation
• Fewer cells required for coverage
• Better in-building penetration
Higher frequencies:
• Shorter propagation
• More cells required for coverage
• BUT higher capacity network
Spectral efficiency (bandwidth in spectrum) is equivalent!
Further details: http://www.hightechforum.org/low-versus-high-radio-spectrum/
6 Copyright 2012 Rysavy Research
7. Types of Deployment
Rural:
• Low capacity network
• Fewer cells desirable
Urban:
• High capacity network
• More cells needed
• Low/high frequencies
offer largely equivalent
performance
7 Copyright 2012 Rysavy Research
8. Combining Low and High Bands
Low Frequencies:
• Larger cells
• Underlay for coverage
• Lower capacity
High Frequencies:
• Smaller cells
• Overlay for capacity
• Selectively deployed
E.g., airport
8 Copyright 2012 Rysavy Research
9. The Future: Heterogeneous Networks
4G Pico
Femto
4G Macro Cell
Femto
Femto 3G Macro Cell
Wi-Fi
3G Macro Cell
Manage:
Femto Wi-Fi
Mobility
Femto
Interference
Congestion
Femto Wi-Fi
QoS
Handoff Wi-Fi
Load balancing
Data offload Wi-Fi
Control traffic 4G Pico
Abuse Self-organizing
Attacks
Roaming
Self-optimizing
• HetNets (with small cells) can significantly increase capacity
• Methods defined in LTE-Advanced
• Backhaul remains fundamental challenge
• Long-term proposition
9 Copyright 2012 Rysavy Research
10. 700 MHz Interoperability
• Source: WT Docket No. 12-69,
http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2012/db0321/FCC-12-31A1.pdf
• AT&T is in band class 17 (B/C blocks).
• Verizon is in band class 13 (Upper C block).
• Lower D block: unpaired, Qualcomm MediaFLO, now AT&T
• Small operators in band class 12 (A block).
• E block can operate at high power, so is additional source of interference for A band.
• Upper C band reversed with lower block used for transmit – right next to low band C
block transmit.
10 Copyright 2012 Rysavy Research
12. Carrier Aggregation Release 10 Timeframe
• Intra-band contiguous:
– Band 1 (FDD), UL[1920-1980]/DL[2110-2170]
– Band 40 (TDD), UL[2300-2400]/DL[2300-2400]
• Inter-band non-contiguous (FDD):
– Band 1 (UL[1920-1980]/DL[2110-2170]) + Band 5 (UL[824-
849]/DL[869-894])
Release 10 LTE-Advanced UE resource pool
Rel’8 Rel’8 Rel’8 Rel’8 Rel’8
100 MHz bandwidth
20 MHz Release 8 UE uses a
single 20 MHz block
12 Copyright 2012 Rysavy Research
13. Carrier Aggregation Release 11 Timeframe
• Expanded CA combinations, all inter-band, non-
contiguous, and FDD, include:
– Band 3 and Band 7 (TeliaSonera – 1800MHz+2600 MHz)
– Band 4 and Band 13 (Verizon – AWS + Upper 700 MHz)
– Band 4 and Band 17 (AT&T – AWS + Lower 700 MHz)
– Band 2 and Band 17 (AT&T – PCS + Lower 700 MHz)
– Band 4 and Band 5 (AT&T – AWS + 850 MHz)
– Band 4 and Band 12 (Cox Communications – AWS + Lower 700
MHz)
– Band 5 and Band 12 (US cellular – 850 MHz + Lower 700 MHz)
– Band 5 and Band 17 (AT&T – 850 MHz + Lower 700 MHz)
– Band 7 and Band 20 (Orange – 2600 MHz + 800 MHz)
13 Copyright 2012 Rysavy Research
14. dawn of the mobile broadband era
• Spectrum crunch is real
• Networks can be built with
either low or high bands
• Low and high bands can be
combined for high coverage
and high capacity
• Carrier aggregation will play
an important role
• Future technologies such as
small cells help – but are very
complicated
14 Copyright 2012 Rysavy Research