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Running head: MENTAL HEALTH IN LAW ENFORCEMENT
1
MENTAL HEALTH IN LAW ENFORCEMENT 4
Mental Health in Law EnforcementIndya KamaraSaint Leo
University
I. The Problem
Mental health is an increasing problem in law enforcement.
While mental illnesses may not be a direct correlation to crimes
that are committed, offenders are found populating the jails and
prisons (Peterson, 2014). When offenders are arrested and
jailed for the crimes that they commit, through experience in the
field, they are under-treated for mental illnesses.
II. Factors Bearing the Problem
The bearing factors comes in many forms as there can be many
different things that play a role in the under-treatment of mental
illnesses in offenders in the law enforcement realm. Evans,
Huang, & Hser (2011) argues that the contributing factors to
mentally ill offenders being under-treated are due to the lack of
assessments of mental health needs, trained professionals, and
lack of multiple locations to treat those who are struggling with
mental illnesses.
i. The behaviors that offenders exhibit are at times overlooked
by law enforcement officials on a whole. Law enforcement
officials are not recognizing the behaviors of offenders that
exhibit the characteristics of being mentally ill as it comes in
different forms with different people. There are many officers
that are not aware of mental health illnesses which they may
need additional training recognizing the behavioral signs and
symptoms.
ii. Due to the lack of training an officer may receive, they may
miss the behavioral sign or symptoms and are unable to properly
assess offender’s needs. Officer’s inability to assess what an
offender’s needs are puts them at a disadvantage to offer
treatment versus putting them in the jail environment untreated.
Many times, offenders are not assessed for mental illnesses
unless they are suspected of having symptoms of mental
illnesses and are committed involuntarily by an officer or
voluntarily on their own in an effort of seeking help. In many
cases, offenders are transported to jail instead of a psychiatric
facility to seek help for that offender.
iii. While offenders are in their mental illness state, they are
oftentimes unaware of what is happening to them to request the
help that they need. On the other hand, some offenders may be
aware of what may be wrong with them and are in denial so they
fail to accept treatment.
iv. Withholding medications that have successfully managed
patient symptoms are also an issue with the jail system.
Individuals may have encounters with the law due to stopping
medications and instead of patients being restarted on
medications that keep them regulated, those medications such as
antipsychotic medications continue to be withheld in the
correctional facilities. Thereby, continuing the cycle of
mismanagement of behavioral health issues.
References
Evans, E., Huang, D., & Hser, Y. (2011). High-risk offenders
participating in court-supervised substance abuse treatment:
Characteristics, treatment received, and factors associated with
recidivism. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services &
Research, 38(4), 510-25.
doi:http://dx.doi.org.saintleo.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s11414-011-
9241-3
Peterson, J. (2014, April 21). Mental Illness Not Usually Linked
to Crime, Research Finds. American Psychological Association.
Retrieved August 20, 2018, from
http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2014/04/mental-illness-
crime.aspx.
Saint Leo University
School of Education and Social Services
Graduate Studies in Criminal Justice
CRJ 590
Applied Project in Criminal Justice Administration
Fall 2018
Professor: Dr. Robert J. Diemer
Telephone: 352-588-8974
Office Location: Saint Edward Hall, Room #113
Office Hours: Mondays: 2:00 – 9:30 pm (Eastern Time)
Email:[email protected]
AND/OR
Instructor: Christine Sereni-Massenger, Esq.
Telephone: Will be provided by instructor
Email:[email protected]
AND/OR
Instructor: Dr. Carla Coates
Telephone: Will be provided by instructor
Email:[email protected]
AND/OR
Instructor: Dr. Forrest Beach
Telephone: 706-575-1721
Email:[email protected]
AND/OR
Instructor: Dr. Steven Chernick
Telephone: will be provided by instructor
Email:[email protected]
AND/OR
Instructor: Dr. Karin May
Telephone: will be provided by instructor
Email:[email protected]
Course Dates: Starts- August 20, 2018 Ends- December 9,
2018
Class Meetings: Collaborate Conferences Dates and times
listed below
Credit Hours: 6
Prerequisites: Successful completion of all courses in the
Masters of Science in Criminal Justice Program
Required Text
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association:
(2001). 6th Edition, Washington D.C.: American Psychological
Association.
Recommended Textbooks/Academic Journals:
Babbie, E. (2000). The Practice of Social Research, 9th ed.
Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Campbell, D.T.& Stanley, J.C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-
Experimental Designs for Research. Chicago: Rand McNally.
Cavanagh, M.E. & Helba, S. (2003). Policing within
Professional Framework. Upper
Saddle River, JH: Prentice Hall.
Chelimsky, E. (1997). The Coming Transformations in
Evaluations. In E.Chelimsky & W.R. Shadish (Eds.),
Evaluations for the 21st century: A handbook (pp. 1-26).
Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Cole, G.G. & Gertz, M.G. (2002). The Criminal Justice System:
Politics and Policies, 8th
ed., Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Cook, T.D. (1997). Lessons Learned in Evaluation Over the
Past 25 years. In E.
Chelimsky & W.R. Shadish (Eds.), Evaluations for 21st
Century: A Handbook (pp.30-52). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Fields, C. (1999). Controversial Issues in Corrections. Boston,
MA: Allyn and Bacon
Fuller, J. and Hickey, E. (1999). Controversial Issues in
Criminology. Boston, MA:
Allyn and Bacon.
Hagan, J. (2000). Research Methods in Criminal Justice and
Criminology, 5th ed.
Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
Hancock, B.W. & Sharp, P.M. (2004). Public Policy, Crime, and
Criminal Justice. Upper
Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Horvath, F. (1999). Controversial Issues in Criminal Justice.
Boston MA: Allyn and
Bacon
Houston, J. & Parsons, W.W. (1998). Criminal Justice and the
Policy Process.
Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
Mark, M.M., Henry, G.T., & Julnes, G. (2000). Evaluation: An
Integrated Framework for Understanding, Guiding and
Improving Policies and Programs. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Moore, M.H. (1994). Research Synthesis and Policy
Implications. In D.P. Rosenbaum
(Ed.), The Challenge of Community Policing: Testing the
Promises (pp. 285-299). London: Sage.
Newcomer, K.E., Hatry, H.P. and Wholey, J.S. (1994). Meeting
the need for practical
evaluation approaches: an introduction. In JS. Wholey, H.P.
Hatry & K.E. Newcomer (EDS), Handbook of Practical Program
Evaluation (pp. 1-10). SanFrancisco:Jossey-Bass.
Patton, M.Q. 1997. Utilization-focused Evaluation: The New
Century Text. Thousand
Oaks, CA: Sage.
Pawson, R., Tilley, N. (1997). Realistic Evaluation. London:
Sage.
Peak, K. (2003). Justice Administration: Police, Courts and
Corrections Management.
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Peak, K. and Glensor, R. (1999). Community Policing and
Problem Solving, 2nd edition.
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Posavac, E.J. & Carey, R.G. (1989). Program evaluation:
Methods and case Studies.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Prentice Hall.
Potter, G.W., & Kappeler, V.E. (2002). Research Ethics and
Research Funding: A case
study of easy virtue. In M.C. Braswell, B.R. McCarthy, & B.J.
McCarthy (Eds.), Justice, Crime, and Ethics, 4th ed. (pp. 375-
394). Cincinnati, OH: Anderson.
Rossi, P.H., Freeman, H.E. and Lipsey, M.W. (1999).
Evaluation: A Systematic
Approach, 6th ed. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Ryan, M. & Wall, D.S. (2001). Policy Networks in Criminal
Justice. Great Britain:
Palgrave Macmillan.
Sewell, J. (1999). Controversial Issues in Law Enforcement.
Boston, MA: Allyn and
Bacon.
Shadish, W.J., Cook, T.D. and Leviton, L.C. (1991).
Foundations of Program
Evaluation:Theories of Practice. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Sherman, L.W., et al. (1997). Preventing Crime: What Works,
What Doesn’t: What’s
Promising: A Report to the United States Congress. Technical
Report. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice.
Stoltz, B.A. (2002). Criminal Justice Policy Making: Federal
Approaches and Issues.
Westport, CT: Green wood Publishing Group
Swanson, M., Territo, L. and Taylor, B. (2005). Police
Administration: Structure
Processes and Behavior, 6th edition. Upper Saddle River,
NJ: Prentice Hall.
Weiss, C.H. (1998). Evaluation: Methods for Studying Programs
and Policies. 2nd ed.
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall
Welsh, W.N. & Harris, P.W. (1999). Criminal Justice Policy
and Planning. Cincinnati:
Anderson Publishing Company.
Course Description:
This course is designed to be a capstone project in which the
student will use all the skills, attitudes and knowledge acquired
from the program curriculum to address an important problem
or launch a program initiative related to the administration of
criminal justice. The objective of this course is primarily an
outcomes assessment for the Graduate Program. For successful
completion of this course and the Master of Science in Criminal
Justice Administration degree requirements, students must
demonstrate both a mastery of the curriculum content, and an
articulated ability to apply what has been learned to
professional endeavors.
The current criminal system is complex and places critical
demands on those who must supervise and manage its
organizations. The criminal justice administrator must possess
highly developed analytical and problem-solving skills. In this
course the student is expected to demonstrate the highest level
of academic and professional skills as applied to a “real-world”
problem. Upon completion of this course students should be
able to:
A. Demonstrate the skills, attitudes and knowledge acquired
from the Master of Science in Criminal Justice Administration
program curriculum to address a problem or to launch an
initiative.
B. Apply what has been learned in the curriculum content to a
“real-world” situation.
C. Define a problem specific to the student’s agency or
community.
D. Summarize factors bearing on the problem or initiative
identified.
E. Elaborate on the factors identified and critically analyze their
significance.
F. Produce a list of possible solutions to the problem.
G. Evaluate the possible solutions and conclude which solution
(s) is most persuasive.
H. Recommend a final recommended action or series of actions.
I. Write a draft of an Administrative Position Paper detailing
your problem-solving proposal according to specific guidelines
provided by your professor.
J. Write the final Administrative Position Paper according to
specific guidelines that reflects the highest academic and
professional standards.
Course Grades:
The following represents the point values assigned for the
various course assignments as well as the final grade scale.
Information Gathering and Analysis: The student must utilize
supporting documentation for the paper that includes library,
networking, and computer-based research for the gathering of
sufficient information to successfully complete the paper.
Paper Organization: The student must demonstrate the ability to
organize and present a coherent paper.
Theoretical Integration and Application: The student must
demonstrate the ability to integrate theoretical knowledge with
concrete information and to apply the strategies that will
support the paper. The work should represent student own
originality of information.
NOTE: Excluding the reference page, no more than 15% of the
entire document can be direct quoted material. Any submission
that fails to follow this requirement will not be accepted and the
student will receive a grade of “Fail”.
The following grading criteria will be used to measure each
student’s performance on the Applied Project.
Information gathering and analysis (30 maximum points)
Organization: (30 maximum points)
Theoretical Integration and Application: (40 maximum
points)
NOTE: Failure to submit the problem, draft copies of your
project by the required dates could reduce your final grade by a
total of 20 points. The critiquing of your colleagues paper must
be done.
Grades
Pass= 75 points or above
Fail = 74 points or below
Academic Dishonesty:
Other than those papers that were developed within the Master
of Science in Criminal Justice Program at Saint Leo University;
nopreviously submitted papers, articles, reports or projects, in
whole or in part, to any university or college will be accepted.
Academic dishonesty is representing another’s work as one’s
own, active complicity in such falsification, or violating test
conditions. Plagiarism is stealing and passing of ideas and
words of another as one’s own or using the work of another
without crediting the source.
The sanctions for academic dishonesty such as cheating on an
examination, plagiarism, forgery of academic documents
(including signing another’s name), the copying of computer
programs or information, and similar offenses are as follows:
1. The minimum sanction for the first offense is an “F” for the
test or assignment, but the usual sanction is an “F” in the course
where the violation took place.
2. The minimum sanction for the second offense is an “F” in the
course, but the usual sanction is suspension of the student from
St. Leo University.
Student with Disabilities:
Students with disabilities, who need accommodation, should
contact Amanda Becker in the Office of Disability Services
(room #207, second floor of the Student Activities Building),
352-588-8464, or email [email protected].
The use of Wikipedia as a resource for any assignment will not
be accepted.
Critique of Papers
Assignments maybe critiqued by your professor on the message
board. The critiques include areas of: deficiencies, needing
improvement as well as positive attributes. The comments are
to promote further student learning. No grade will be posted on
any assignments where other students can see and will only be
posted in the Gradebook within the class.
During the next 16 weeks, you will have three assignments that
will require you to provide feedback to your classmates on their
writing. These assignments are nothing more than an attempt to
provide constructive feedback as well as provide learning to the
individual doing the critique. Below is the list of assignments
that will require critiquing.
Schedule
Assignment
Original to be Posted
Critique to be posted
Post Problem
No later than August 26
No later than August 28
Post Factors
No later than September 2
No later than September 4
Post Draft 1
No later than September 23
No later than September 25
Post Draft 2
No later than October 21
No later than October 23
Post Draft 3
No later than November 11
Post Final Paper
No later than December 1
Critiquing Process
The process for critiquing is simple as long as each of you read
the requirements. Each critique will be done in Microsoft Track
Changes and will be posted the following week on the message
board in the area identified as “Critique of Problem, Critique of
Draft 1 and Critique of Draft 2”.
1. By Wednesday of Week #1 you are to locate a partner within
the class to work with on critiquing each other’s paper.
2. When you post your assignment, for example: Post Problem
on the discussion board, you are to post it as an attachment
using Microsoft Word. I will review your paper and I will make
comments, but these comments will be general in nature.
3. You will then download your partner’s paper and begin to
critique it using Microsoft Word Track Changes. You will be
looking for grammatical errors, content errors, APA formatting
errors and scholarly writing. Your critique is to be complete, as
you will be graded on how well you provided feedback.
4. You will post the critique on the message board in the area
identified as “Critique of ____”. The area will always be
listed under the section that was posted. You must only take
one week to critique the work and repost.
5. The individual that has been critiqued will be able to review
the comments and hopefully gain further insight and learning.
The paper is NOT to be redone or reposted. The critique is only
for your information.
Critiquing Eloquence
I do not want anyone taking the critiquing personal. This is
strictly being used to provide critical feedback to your work.
As a graduate student, you will be evaluated on your writing
and these assignments will hopefully prepare you for this
journey and enable you to become better. I do not want to see
sarcasm or derogatory wording by the individual critiquing. If
you read your paper and do not agree with the assessment, you
can converse with your partner if you wish. There is no need to
have a discussion or to do a reprint. Any comments made on
your papers do not have to be accepted—meaning that you do
not have to make the suggested changes. Again, the comments
are to be used as a tool.
It is my sincere hopes that this process will assist you in two
ways: Learning how to develop a quality paper and identify
potential problems in your own writing.
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ADMINISTRATIVE POSITION
PAPER
1. Each student must turn in their Administrative Position
Paper on your scheduled date. One letter grade will be deducted
automatically for each week a Position Paper is late.
2. The Administrative Position Paper must be no less than
twelve (12) discussion pages but no more than fourteen (14)
discussion pages in length. Margins which are too wide will
reduce your page count.
3. The Administrative Position Paper must be completed in
Microsoft Word (products such as Word Pad, Word Perfect and
other similar software will not be accepted), typed and double-
spaced, using Times New Roman font, size 12 pts, and one-inch
margins.
4. While extensive research is not the object of the
Administrative Position Paper, students shall use and list no
less than fifteen (15) different scholarly reference sources,
using a standard APA** format. Multiple uses of a single source
reference will detract from your grade. Only one website is
allowed. No news sources are acceptable.
5. Students are expected to use proper grammar and
punctuation.
6. Proper APA** style citations must be used.
7. No more than 15% percent of the paper can be QUOTED
material. This paper is designed to be the author’s original
work.
9. The Administrative Position Paper Format must be
followed exactly as described herein..
SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS
PROBLEM SUBMISSION:
You are required to submit within the first week of class, and
later then midnight (Eastern Time), August 26, 2018, the
Problem section of your project. The Problem is to be posted
on the message board in the area designated as “POST
PROBLEM HERE”.
Attach the Problem in a Microsoft Word document or place it in
the body of your posting.
FACTORS BEARING ON THE PROBLEM
You are required to submit an attachment in Microsoft Word to
the discussion board that includes, both the problem
statement and the factors bearing on the problem by September
2, 2018. The Factors Bearing on the Problem link on the
discussion board.
DRAFT #1 SUBMISSION:
You are required to submit an attachment a Partial Draft
Submission #1 which is a copy of your project that includes the
following: The Problem and Factors Bearing on the Problem,
and as much as is completed of the discussion by September 23,
2018. The Partial Draft Submission #1 is to be posted on the
message board in the area designated as “POST DRAFT #1
HERE”.
Post should include: Cover Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on
the Problem, Discussion (whatever has been done) and
Annotated References – DO NOT INCLUDE A CONCLUSION
or ACTION RECOMMENDED. You will number them as
outlined in the submission requirements. I am not expecting
that these two are completed, but what I am looking for is the
formation of your paper. The Partial Draft Submission #1 does
two things, it allows you to begin to put your thoughts on paper
and it allows me to review your progress. Any comments made
by me to you will be communicated in a reply email.
It is suggested that during all of the drafts you are submitting
you color coat each of the factors a different color, other than
the color “RED”. Then when you research each factor, the
information that you write on the factor is the color of that
factor. This way, you can see how much information you have
on each factor and it is a good way to judge what resources or
information is needed. Remember the final submission must not
have the colors, so for this submission, change all to black. If
this is not clear, please get with your instructor.
DRAFT #2 SUBMISSION:
You are required to submit an attachment a Partial Draft
Submission #2 which is a copy of your project that includes the
following: The Problem and Factors Bearing on the Problem,
and as much as is completed of the discussion by October 21,
2018. The Partial Draft Submission #2 is to be posted on the
message board in the area designated as “POST DRAFT #2
HERE”.
Post should include: Cover Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on
the Problem, Discussion (whatever has been done) and
Annotated References – DO NOT INCLUDE A CONCLUSION
or ACTION RECOMMENDED. You will number them as
outlined in the submission requirements. I am not expecting
that these four items be completed, but what I am looking for is
the formation flow of your paper. The Partial Draft Submission
#2 does two things, it allows you to begin to put your thoughts
on paper and it allows me to review your progress. Any
comments made by me to you will be communicated in a reply
email.
DRAFT #3 TURNITIN SUBMISSION:
You are required to submit a draft copy of your project by
November 11, 2018 to the assignment board located under the
activities tab, identified by DRAFT #3 ONLY (DO NOT POST
TO DRAFT #3 ONLY/REVISION 1) and on the Message Board
in the area identified as “Post Draft #3.” This draft copy must
follow the project guidelines set forth in the Administrative
Position Paper requirements. The Second Reader will not
critique your draft Administrative Position Paper.
Post should include: Cover Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on
the Problem, Discussion, and Conclusion (include Action
Recommended) and Annotated References.
FINAL SUBMISSION:
No Later than, December 1, 2018 you are required to:
1. Post final copy of the Administrative Position Paper to the
Message Board in the area marked “POST FINAL PAPER” to
the assignment board under the activities tab and to Chalk and
Wire. The Chalk and Wire submission is located in Module 8
and titled “Administrative Position Paper”. Your paper will be
graded ONLY in Chalk and Wire, therefore, If you do not
SUBMIT to CHALK and WIRE you will receive an “F” Failure
grade for this assignment—NO EXCEPTIONS.
NO CREDIT IS GIVEN IF THESE REQUIREMENTS ARE NOT
FOLLOWED BY THE SPECIFIED DATES.
Administrative Position Paper Definition
The Administrative Position Paper defined as "the overview of a
problem and the presentation of a proposed solution(s) for
others to consider."
Steps to Follow
The student's task is to place yourself in the position of a
member of a Criminal Justice planning staff; to review an
approved agency problem; to summarize some research on the
topic, and to write a paper for a chief or other criminal justice
executive to act on. You must provide one or more
recommended solutions for the problem you select.
Your writing must be clear and concise so the criminal justice
executive can readily understand the problem, review the facts,
comprehend the reasoning behind the solution/recommendations
and be prepared to take action. Your research must reflect high
academic quality.
The Administrative Position Paper Format - DO NOT DEVIATE
FROM THIS FORMAT
Cover Page
The Administrative Position Paper must have a cover page using
the APA format:
- Running Head: DESCRIPTOR (Top Left- shorter than
title)
- Page Number (Top Right)
- Title of your Administrative Position Paper
- Your name
- University
(Note- DO NOT include anything else on your paper)
The cover sheet does not count in the total number of pages
required.
The remainder of the format for the Administrative Position
Paper is divided into five (5) sections as follows: Use Roman
Numerals to identify the five (5) sections, use capital letters to
identify paragraphs (or factors in section II)
I. The Problem
The statement of the problem tells the criminal justice executive
what the difficulty is; what problem is to be solved. No
discussion is necessary at this point. In later sections you will
be elaborating on the facts, issues, solutions, etc.
The Problem does not count in the total number of pages
required.
II. Factors Bearing on the Problem
This section includes facts or statements of truth which
can be substantiated. For example, "The average education level
of the police officer in this city is 14.5 years (or high school
plus 2 1/2 years college)." Another example might be, "Last
year the citizens of this county only reported 200 crimes in
progress to the police" or "the jail population averaged 20%
above maximum capacity in fiscal year 1983/84."
List each fact separately. (Use bullets to identify factors,
however each factor MUST be a complete sentence). Each bullet
item must ONLY be two sentences. You are to have 4 factors
and if you require more, you must get permission from your
instructor. Also, you must have an introductory statement to
this section explaining what the section means. This
introduction must be 2 -3 sentence ONLY.
Also at the end of the listed factors, the student must list any
assumptions which lend weight to their final
recommendation/solutions. Example: Assumption- It is assumed
that if the victims of crimes are compensated for their time
spent testifying in court, more citizens will be willing to
become involved in prosecutions; or, it is assumed that better
trained officers will be able to more effectively communicate
with the public. The assumption goes after the last factor.
You are to color each of the factors. Then when you are writing
your information on a factor in the discussion section, you color
the wording to match the factor. This way you have a clear
visual on how much information you have written on the topic.
You may keep the colors on the paper for each of the
submissions, except the final submission.
The Factors do not count in the total number of pages required.
III. Discussion
The discussion section is the "meat and potatoes" of the
Administrative Position Paper. It contains the critical analysis
of the problem and all possible factors researched. This is the
critical area for the student to show the professor and your
administrator you have done your research properly. This is the
longest section. Cite all facts by using in-text citations. Nothing
in the Discussion Section should contain personal knowledge,
experience, or opinion from the author. Only facts---and ---
each fact must be formatted with an in-text citation according to
the APA format. Do not uses case studies and if you are going
to use a personal communication, you are only permitted to use
one and it should be no more than one (1) short paragraph. No
charts, diagrams, case studies or long quoted material is to be
used in the Discussion area. If you need to use charts,
diagrams, case studies or quotes, you must put them into an
Appendix and only refer to them in the Discussion Section.
Material must be paraphrased and provided a citation; however
we will allow 15% of your entire paper to have quotes. If you
are unsure of what the difference is between paraphrasing and
direct quoted material, get with your instructor.
The Discussion does count in the total number of pages
required. The Discussion should be no less than twelve (12)
pages and no more than fourteen (14) pages.
Rule of thumb: Four (4) Factors- Each factor
should have 3.0 to 3.5 pages for each one.
IV. Conclusion
Now that you've shown how you reasoned through the problem,
state a conclusion. The conclusion is nothing more than a brief
statement of the best possible solution or solutions which you
have described in detail in the Discussion section. You do not
need to continue the discussion. You should not introduce new
material in this section. Example: "Although new jails could be
constructed to house more inmates, a new program of
community custody for first offenders convicted of nonviolent
crimes would prove more cost-effective."
The Conclusion does count in the total number of pages
required. The Conclusion should be only one (1) complete
page.
. Action Recommended This section does not have a Roman
Numeral and goes after the conclusion section. In this section
you tell the instructor (and the criminal justice executive) what
your final recommended action is. Alternate possible actions
have already been reviewed in your Discussion section. You're
making a commitment to a single course of action. Example: "It
is recommended that the city hire five more prosecuting
attorneys and three more judges in order to make the court
system more expedient." You include several steps that must be
done in support of your action recommended, including a time
frame for possible action steps, and a budget if appropriate.
The Action Recommended does not count in the total number of
pages required; however, it must not be less than two (2) pages.
Be detailed in your assessment.
References:
Finally, include a section entitled References which lists all of
your references as an annotated references using the APA**
format. If you are unfamiliar with how to write an annotated
reference, please review the following website for this
information
http://www.library.cornell.edu/olinuris/ref/research/skill28.htm.
The references must be in alphabetical order. Your paper WILL
NOT be accepted if the references are not annotated.
The References do not count in the total number of pages
required.
Appendix:
If applicable, must be located after the References and
identified by letter.
The Appendix does not count in the total number of pages
required.
Class Assignments:
Unlike traditional content-oriented courses, this final course
represents a capstone requirement for the Master’s Degree in
Criminal Justice Administration and as such is more
independent in nature. Therefore, after agreement is reached
between the professor and the student on the problem, in
subsequent weeks, the student will conduct independent
research, if appropriate develop a draft Administrative Position
Paper and work on revisions suggested by the professor.
Collaborate Conference Calls: There will be Collaborate
Sessions, which are non-mandatory and will be held at the
below indicated dates and times. Each Collaborate Conference
will last approximately one hour and you will be required to
discuss your paper with your fellow students and me. While I
serve as a mentor and facilitator, the student is ultimately
responsible for the quality of their paper and the discussions
that we have. It is your responsibility to understand the
Collaborate system, BEFORE you join the conference call,
therefore I would set up your computer in advance of the
meeting.
Collaborate Access Link (Conference Calls):
https://us.bbcollab.com/guest/639de23c231b42b09a5c513d4b26
5d98
Important Term Dates:
August 20, 2018 Term Begins
August 20, 2018 First Collaborate Conference – 7:30 pm
(Eastern Time)
August 22, 2018 Sign up for a Critique Partner Complete
August 26, 2018 Problem Due – Post on Message Board
August 28, 2018 Critique of Problem due – Post on Message
Board
September 2, 2018 Factors Bearing on the Problem- Post on
Message
September 4, 2018 Collaborate Conference Call – 7:30 pm
(Eastern Time)
September 4, 2018 Critique-Factors on the Problem-Post on
Message Board
September 23, 2018 Post Draft #1- Post on Message Board- Post
should include: Cover Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on the
Problem, Discussion (whatever has been done) and References –
DO NOT INCLUDE A CONCLUSION or ACTION
RECOMMENDED
September 25, 2018 Critique of Draft #1- Post on Message
Board
October 21, 2018 Post Draft #2- Post on Message Board- Post
should include: Cover Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on the
Problem, Discussion (whatever has been done) and References –
DO NOT INCLUDE A CONCLUSION or ACTION
RECOMMENDED
October 23, 2018 Critique of Draft #2- Post on Message
Board
November 11, 2018 Post Draft #3 Turnitin Submission–Post on
Message Board and turnitin.com- Post should include: Cover
Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on the Problem, Discussion
(whatever has been done), Conclusion and References, your
instructor will critique in Grademark or Track Changes
December 1, 2018 Post Final Project - Message Board &
www.turnitin.com
Post should includes: Cover Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on
the Problem, Discussion, and Conclusion (include Action
Recommended) and References
December 9, 2018 Semester Ends- Grades Entered
13
Running head MENTAL HEALTH IN LAW ENFORCEMENT1MENTAL HEALTH IN.docx

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  • 1. Running head: MENTAL HEALTH IN LAW ENFORCEMENT 1 MENTAL HEALTH IN LAW ENFORCEMENT 4 Mental Health in Law EnforcementIndya KamaraSaint Leo University I. The Problem Mental health is an increasing problem in law enforcement. While mental illnesses may not be a direct correlation to crimes that are committed, offenders are found populating the jails and prisons (Peterson, 2014). When offenders are arrested and jailed for the crimes that they commit, through experience in the field, they are under-treated for mental illnesses. II. Factors Bearing the Problem The bearing factors comes in many forms as there can be many different things that play a role in the under-treatment of mental illnesses in offenders in the law enforcement realm. Evans, Huang, & Hser (2011) argues that the contributing factors to mentally ill offenders being under-treated are due to the lack of assessments of mental health needs, trained professionals, and
  • 2. lack of multiple locations to treat those who are struggling with mental illnesses. i. The behaviors that offenders exhibit are at times overlooked by law enforcement officials on a whole. Law enforcement officials are not recognizing the behaviors of offenders that exhibit the characteristics of being mentally ill as it comes in different forms with different people. There are many officers that are not aware of mental health illnesses which they may need additional training recognizing the behavioral signs and symptoms. ii. Due to the lack of training an officer may receive, they may miss the behavioral sign or symptoms and are unable to properly assess offender’s needs. Officer’s inability to assess what an offender’s needs are puts them at a disadvantage to offer treatment versus putting them in the jail environment untreated. Many times, offenders are not assessed for mental illnesses unless they are suspected of having symptoms of mental illnesses and are committed involuntarily by an officer or voluntarily on their own in an effort of seeking help. In many cases, offenders are transported to jail instead of a psychiatric facility to seek help for that offender. iii. While offenders are in their mental illness state, they are oftentimes unaware of what is happening to them to request the help that they need. On the other hand, some offenders may be aware of what may be wrong with them and are in denial so they fail to accept treatment. iv. Withholding medications that have successfully managed patient symptoms are also an issue with the jail system. Individuals may have encounters with the law due to stopping medications and instead of patients being restarted on medications that keep them regulated, those medications such as antipsychotic medications continue to be withheld in the
  • 3. correctional facilities. Thereby, continuing the cycle of mismanagement of behavioral health issues. References Evans, E., Huang, D., & Hser, Y. (2011). High-risk offenders participating in court-supervised substance abuse treatment: Characteristics, treatment received, and factors associated with recidivism. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 38(4), 510-25. doi:http://dx.doi.org.saintleo.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s11414-011- 9241-3 Peterson, J. (2014, April 21). Mental Illness Not Usually Linked to Crime, Research Finds. American Psychological Association. Retrieved August 20, 2018, from http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2014/04/mental-illness- crime.aspx. Saint Leo University School of Education and Social Services Graduate Studies in Criminal Justice CRJ 590 Applied Project in Criminal Justice Administration Fall 2018 Professor: Dr. Robert J. Diemer Telephone: 352-588-8974 Office Location: Saint Edward Hall, Room #113 Office Hours: Mondays: 2:00 – 9:30 pm (Eastern Time)
  • 4. Email:[email protected] AND/OR Instructor: Christine Sereni-Massenger, Esq. Telephone: Will be provided by instructor Email:[email protected] AND/OR Instructor: Dr. Carla Coates Telephone: Will be provided by instructor Email:[email protected] AND/OR Instructor: Dr. Forrest Beach Telephone: 706-575-1721 Email:[email protected] AND/OR Instructor: Dr. Steven Chernick Telephone: will be provided by instructor Email:[email protected] AND/OR Instructor: Dr. Karin May Telephone: will be provided by instructor Email:[email protected] Course Dates: Starts- August 20, 2018 Ends- December 9, 2018 Class Meetings: Collaborate Conferences Dates and times listed below Credit Hours: 6 Prerequisites: Successful completion of all courses in the Masters of Science in Criminal Justice Program
  • 5. Required Text Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association: (2001). 6th Edition, Washington D.C.: American Psychological Association. Recommended Textbooks/Academic Journals: Babbie, E. (2000). The Practice of Social Research, 9th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Campbell, D.T.& Stanley, J.C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi- Experimental Designs for Research. Chicago: Rand McNally. Cavanagh, M.E. & Helba, S. (2003). Policing within Professional Framework. Upper Saddle River, JH: Prentice Hall. Chelimsky, E. (1997). The Coming Transformations in Evaluations. In E.Chelimsky & W.R. Shadish (Eds.), Evaluations for the 21st century: A handbook (pp. 1-26). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Cole, G.G. & Gertz, M.G. (2002). The Criminal Justice System: Politics and Policies, 8th ed., Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Cook, T.D. (1997). Lessons Learned in Evaluation Over the Past 25 years. In E. Chelimsky & W.R. Shadish (Eds.), Evaluations for 21st Century: A Handbook (pp.30-52). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Fields, C. (1999). Controversial Issues in Corrections. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon Fuller, J. and Hickey, E. (1999). Controversial Issues in Criminology. Boston, MA:
  • 6. Allyn and Bacon. Hagan, J. (2000). Research Methods in Criminal Justice and Criminology, 5th ed. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon. Hancock, B.W. & Sharp, P.M. (2004). Public Policy, Crime, and Criminal Justice. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Horvath, F. (1999). Controversial Issues in Criminal Justice. Boston MA: Allyn and Bacon Houston, J. & Parsons, W.W. (1998). Criminal Justice and the Policy Process. Chicago: Nelson-Hall. Mark, M.M., Henry, G.T., & Julnes, G. (2000). Evaluation: An Integrated Framework for Understanding, Guiding and Improving Policies and Programs. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Moore, M.H. (1994). Research Synthesis and Policy Implications. In D.P. Rosenbaum (Ed.), The Challenge of Community Policing: Testing the Promises (pp. 285-299). London: Sage. Newcomer, K.E., Hatry, H.P. and Wholey, J.S. (1994). Meeting the need for practical evaluation approaches: an introduction. In JS. Wholey, H.P. Hatry & K.E. Newcomer (EDS), Handbook of Practical Program Evaluation (pp. 1-10). SanFrancisco:Jossey-Bass. Patton, M.Q. 1997. Utilization-focused Evaluation: The New Century Text. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • 7. Pawson, R., Tilley, N. (1997). Realistic Evaluation. London: Sage. Peak, K. (2003). Justice Administration: Police, Courts and Corrections Management. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Peak, K. and Glensor, R. (1999). Community Policing and Problem Solving, 2nd edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Posavac, E.J. & Carey, R.G. (1989). Program evaluation: Methods and case Studies. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Prentice Hall. Potter, G.W., & Kappeler, V.E. (2002). Research Ethics and Research Funding: A case study of easy virtue. In M.C. Braswell, B.R. McCarthy, & B.J. McCarthy (Eds.), Justice, Crime, and Ethics, 4th ed. (pp. 375- 394). Cincinnati, OH: Anderson. Rossi, P.H., Freeman, H.E. and Lipsey, M.W. (1999). Evaluation: A Systematic Approach, 6th ed. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Ryan, M. & Wall, D.S. (2001). Policy Networks in Criminal Justice. Great Britain: Palgrave Macmillan. Sewell, J. (1999). Controversial Issues in Law Enforcement. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. Shadish, W.J., Cook, T.D. and Leviton, L.C. (1991). Foundations of Program Evaluation:Theories of Practice. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • 8. Sherman, L.W., et al. (1997). Preventing Crime: What Works, What Doesn’t: What’s Promising: A Report to the United States Congress. Technical Report. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice. Stoltz, B.A. (2002). Criminal Justice Policy Making: Federal Approaches and Issues. Westport, CT: Green wood Publishing Group Swanson, M., Territo, L. and Taylor, B. (2005). Police Administration: Structure Processes and Behavior, 6th edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Weiss, C.H. (1998). Evaluation: Methods for Studying Programs and Policies. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Welsh, W.N. & Harris, P.W. (1999). Criminal Justice Policy and Planning. Cincinnati: Anderson Publishing Company. Course Description: This course is designed to be a capstone project in which the student will use all the skills, attitudes and knowledge acquired from the program curriculum to address an important problem or launch a program initiative related to the administration of criminal justice. The objective of this course is primarily an outcomes assessment for the Graduate Program. For successful completion of this course and the Master of Science in Criminal Justice Administration degree requirements, students must demonstrate both a mastery of the curriculum content, and an articulated ability to apply what has been learned to professional endeavors.
  • 9. The current criminal system is complex and places critical demands on those who must supervise and manage its organizations. The criminal justice administrator must possess highly developed analytical and problem-solving skills. In this course the student is expected to demonstrate the highest level of academic and professional skills as applied to a “real-world” problem. Upon completion of this course students should be able to: A. Demonstrate the skills, attitudes and knowledge acquired from the Master of Science in Criminal Justice Administration program curriculum to address a problem or to launch an initiative. B. Apply what has been learned in the curriculum content to a “real-world” situation. C. Define a problem specific to the student’s agency or community. D. Summarize factors bearing on the problem or initiative identified. E. Elaborate on the factors identified and critically analyze their significance. F. Produce a list of possible solutions to the problem. G. Evaluate the possible solutions and conclude which solution (s) is most persuasive. H. Recommend a final recommended action or series of actions. I. Write a draft of an Administrative Position Paper detailing your problem-solving proposal according to specific guidelines
  • 10. provided by your professor. J. Write the final Administrative Position Paper according to specific guidelines that reflects the highest academic and professional standards. Course Grades: The following represents the point values assigned for the various course assignments as well as the final grade scale. Information Gathering and Analysis: The student must utilize supporting documentation for the paper that includes library, networking, and computer-based research for the gathering of sufficient information to successfully complete the paper. Paper Organization: The student must demonstrate the ability to organize and present a coherent paper. Theoretical Integration and Application: The student must demonstrate the ability to integrate theoretical knowledge with concrete information and to apply the strategies that will support the paper. The work should represent student own originality of information. NOTE: Excluding the reference page, no more than 15% of the entire document can be direct quoted material. Any submission that fails to follow this requirement will not be accepted and the student will receive a grade of “Fail”. The following grading criteria will be used to measure each student’s performance on the Applied Project. Information gathering and analysis (30 maximum points) Organization: (30 maximum points) Theoretical Integration and Application: (40 maximum points)
  • 11. NOTE: Failure to submit the problem, draft copies of your project by the required dates could reduce your final grade by a total of 20 points. The critiquing of your colleagues paper must be done. Grades Pass= 75 points or above Fail = 74 points or below Academic Dishonesty: Other than those papers that were developed within the Master of Science in Criminal Justice Program at Saint Leo University; nopreviously submitted papers, articles, reports or projects, in whole or in part, to any university or college will be accepted. Academic dishonesty is representing another’s work as one’s own, active complicity in such falsification, or violating test conditions. Plagiarism is stealing and passing of ideas and words of another as one’s own or using the work of another without crediting the source. The sanctions for academic dishonesty such as cheating on an examination, plagiarism, forgery of academic documents (including signing another’s name), the copying of computer programs or information, and similar offenses are as follows: 1. The minimum sanction for the first offense is an “F” for the test or assignment, but the usual sanction is an “F” in the course where the violation took place. 2. The minimum sanction for the second offense is an “F” in the course, but the usual sanction is suspension of the student from St. Leo University. Student with Disabilities: Students with disabilities, who need accommodation, should contact Amanda Becker in the Office of Disability Services
  • 12. (room #207, second floor of the Student Activities Building), 352-588-8464, or email [email protected]. The use of Wikipedia as a resource for any assignment will not be accepted. Critique of Papers Assignments maybe critiqued by your professor on the message board. The critiques include areas of: deficiencies, needing improvement as well as positive attributes. The comments are to promote further student learning. No grade will be posted on any assignments where other students can see and will only be posted in the Gradebook within the class. During the next 16 weeks, you will have three assignments that will require you to provide feedback to your classmates on their writing. These assignments are nothing more than an attempt to provide constructive feedback as well as provide learning to the individual doing the critique. Below is the list of assignments that will require critiquing. Schedule Assignment Original to be Posted Critique to be posted Post Problem No later than August 26 No later than August 28 Post Factors No later than September 2 No later than September 4 Post Draft 1 No later than September 23 No later than September 25 Post Draft 2
  • 13. No later than October 21 No later than October 23 Post Draft 3 No later than November 11 Post Final Paper No later than December 1 Critiquing Process The process for critiquing is simple as long as each of you read the requirements. Each critique will be done in Microsoft Track Changes and will be posted the following week on the message board in the area identified as “Critique of Problem, Critique of Draft 1 and Critique of Draft 2”. 1. By Wednesday of Week #1 you are to locate a partner within the class to work with on critiquing each other’s paper. 2. When you post your assignment, for example: Post Problem on the discussion board, you are to post it as an attachment using Microsoft Word. I will review your paper and I will make comments, but these comments will be general in nature. 3. You will then download your partner’s paper and begin to critique it using Microsoft Word Track Changes. You will be looking for grammatical errors, content errors, APA formatting errors and scholarly writing. Your critique is to be complete, as you will be graded on how well you provided feedback. 4. You will post the critique on the message board in the area identified as “Critique of ____”. The area will always be listed under the section that was posted. You must only take one week to critique the work and repost. 5. The individual that has been critiqued will be able to review the comments and hopefully gain further insight and learning. The paper is NOT to be redone or reposted. The critique is only for your information.
  • 14. Critiquing Eloquence I do not want anyone taking the critiquing personal. This is strictly being used to provide critical feedback to your work. As a graduate student, you will be evaluated on your writing and these assignments will hopefully prepare you for this journey and enable you to become better. I do not want to see sarcasm or derogatory wording by the individual critiquing. If you read your paper and do not agree with the assessment, you can converse with your partner if you wish. There is no need to have a discussion or to do a reprint. Any comments made on your papers do not have to be accepted—meaning that you do not have to make the suggested changes. Again, the comments are to be used as a tool. It is my sincere hopes that this process will assist you in two ways: Learning how to develop a quality paper and identify potential problems in your own writing. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ADMINISTRATIVE POSITION PAPER 1. Each student must turn in their Administrative Position Paper on your scheduled date. One letter grade will be deducted automatically for each week a Position Paper is late. 2. The Administrative Position Paper must be no less than twelve (12) discussion pages but no more than fourteen (14) discussion pages in length. Margins which are too wide will reduce your page count. 3. The Administrative Position Paper must be completed in Microsoft Word (products such as Word Pad, Word Perfect and other similar software will not be accepted), typed and double- spaced, using Times New Roman font, size 12 pts, and one-inch margins. 4. While extensive research is not the object of the
  • 15. Administrative Position Paper, students shall use and list no less than fifteen (15) different scholarly reference sources, using a standard APA** format. Multiple uses of a single source reference will detract from your grade. Only one website is allowed. No news sources are acceptable. 5. Students are expected to use proper grammar and punctuation. 6. Proper APA** style citations must be used. 7. No more than 15% percent of the paper can be QUOTED material. This paper is designed to be the author’s original work. 9. The Administrative Position Paper Format must be followed exactly as described herein.. SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS PROBLEM SUBMISSION: You are required to submit within the first week of class, and later then midnight (Eastern Time), August 26, 2018, the Problem section of your project. The Problem is to be posted on the message board in the area designated as “POST PROBLEM HERE”. Attach the Problem in a Microsoft Word document or place it in the body of your posting. FACTORS BEARING ON THE PROBLEM You are required to submit an attachment in Microsoft Word to the discussion board that includes, both the problem statement and the factors bearing on the problem by September 2, 2018. The Factors Bearing on the Problem link on the discussion board. DRAFT #1 SUBMISSION: You are required to submit an attachment a Partial Draft
  • 16. Submission #1 which is a copy of your project that includes the following: The Problem and Factors Bearing on the Problem, and as much as is completed of the discussion by September 23, 2018. The Partial Draft Submission #1 is to be posted on the message board in the area designated as “POST DRAFT #1 HERE”. Post should include: Cover Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on the Problem, Discussion (whatever has been done) and Annotated References – DO NOT INCLUDE A CONCLUSION or ACTION RECOMMENDED. You will number them as outlined in the submission requirements. I am not expecting that these two are completed, but what I am looking for is the formation of your paper. The Partial Draft Submission #1 does two things, it allows you to begin to put your thoughts on paper and it allows me to review your progress. Any comments made by me to you will be communicated in a reply email. It is suggested that during all of the drafts you are submitting you color coat each of the factors a different color, other than the color “RED”. Then when you research each factor, the information that you write on the factor is the color of that factor. This way, you can see how much information you have on each factor and it is a good way to judge what resources or information is needed. Remember the final submission must not have the colors, so for this submission, change all to black. If this is not clear, please get with your instructor. DRAFT #2 SUBMISSION: You are required to submit an attachment a Partial Draft Submission #2 which is a copy of your project that includes the following: The Problem and Factors Bearing on the Problem, and as much as is completed of the discussion by October 21, 2018. The Partial Draft Submission #2 is to be posted on the message board in the area designated as “POST DRAFT #2 HERE”.
  • 17. Post should include: Cover Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on the Problem, Discussion (whatever has been done) and Annotated References – DO NOT INCLUDE A CONCLUSION or ACTION RECOMMENDED. You will number them as outlined in the submission requirements. I am not expecting that these four items be completed, but what I am looking for is the formation flow of your paper. The Partial Draft Submission #2 does two things, it allows you to begin to put your thoughts on paper and it allows me to review your progress. Any comments made by me to you will be communicated in a reply email. DRAFT #3 TURNITIN SUBMISSION: You are required to submit a draft copy of your project by November 11, 2018 to the assignment board located under the activities tab, identified by DRAFT #3 ONLY (DO NOT POST TO DRAFT #3 ONLY/REVISION 1) and on the Message Board in the area identified as “Post Draft #3.” This draft copy must follow the project guidelines set forth in the Administrative Position Paper requirements. The Second Reader will not critique your draft Administrative Position Paper. Post should include: Cover Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on the Problem, Discussion, and Conclusion (include Action Recommended) and Annotated References. FINAL SUBMISSION: No Later than, December 1, 2018 you are required to: 1. Post final copy of the Administrative Position Paper to the Message Board in the area marked “POST FINAL PAPER” to the assignment board under the activities tab and to Chalk and Wire. The Chalk and Wire submission is located in Module 8 and titled “Administrative Position Paper”. Your paper will be graded ONLY in Chalk and Wire, therefore, If you do not SUBMIT to CHALK and WIRE you will receive an “F” Failure
  • 18. grade for this assignment—NO EXCEPTIONS. NO CREDIT IS GIVEN IF THESE REQUIREMENTS ARE NOT FOLLOWED BY THE SPECIFIED DATES. Administrative Position Paper Definition The Administrative Position Paper defined as "the overview of a problem and the presentation of a proposed solution(s) for others to consider." Steps to Follow The student's task is to place yourself in the position of a member of a Criminal Justice planning staff; to review an approved agency problem; to summarize some research on the topic, and to write a paper for a chief or other criminal justice executive to act on. You must provide one or more recommended solutions for the problem you select. Your writing must be clear and concise so the criminal justice executive can readily understand the problem, review the facts, comprehend the reasoning behind the solution/recommendations and be prepared to take action. Your research must reflect high academic quality. The Administrative Position Paper Format - DO NOT DEVIATE FROM THIS FORMAT Cover Page The Administrative Position Paper must have a cover page using the APA format: - Running Head: DESCRIPTOR (Top Left- shorter than title) - Page Number (Top Right) - Title of your Administrative Position Paper
  • 19. - Your name - University (Note- DO NOT include anything else on your paper) The cover sheet does not count in the total number of pages required. The remainder of the format for the Administrative Position Paper is divided into five (5) sections as follows: Use Roman Numerals to identify the five (5) sections, use capital letters to identify paragraphs (or factors in section II) I. The Problem The statement of the problem tells the criminal justice executive what the difficulty is; what problem is to be solved. No discussion is necessary at this point. In later sections you will be elaborating on the facts, issues, solutions, etc. The Problem does not count in the total number of pages required. II. Factors Bearing on the Problem This section includes facts or statements of truth which can be substantiated. For example, "The average education level of the police officer in this city is 14.5 years (or high school plus 2 1/2 years college)." Another example might be, "Last year the citizens of this county only reported 200 crimes in progress to the police" or "the jail population averaged 20% above maximum capacity in fiscal year 1983/84." List each fact separately. (Use bullets to identify factors, however each factor MUST be a complete sentence). Each bullet item must ONLY be two sentences. You are to have 4 factors and if you require more, you must get permission from your instructor. Also, you must have an introductory statement to this section explaining what the section means. This introduction must be 2 -3 sentence ONLY.
  • 20. Also at the end of the listed factors, the student must list any assumptions which lend weight to their final recommendation/solutions. Example: Assumption- It is assumed that if the victims of crimes are compensated for their time spent testifying in court, more citizens will be willing to become involved in prosecutions; or, it is assumed that better trained officers will be able to more effectively communicate with the public. The assumption goes after the last factor. You are to color each of the factors. Then when you are writing your information on a factor in the discussion section, you color the wording to match the factor. This way you have a clear visual on how much information you have written on the topic. You may keep the colors on the paper for each of the submissions, except the final submission. The Factors do not count in the total number of pages required. III. Discussion The discussion section is the "meat and potatoes" of the Administrative Position Paper. It contains the critical analysis of the problem and all possible factors researched. This is the critical area for the student to show the professor and your administrator you have done your research properly. This is the longest section. Cite all facts by using in-text citations. Nothing in the Discussion Section should contain personal knowledge, experience, or opinion from the author. Only facts---and --- each fact must be formatted with an in-text citation according to the APA format. Do not uses case studies and if you are going to use a personal communication, you are only permitted to use one and it should be no more than one (1) short paragraph. No charts, diagrams, case studies or long quoted material is to be used in the Discussion area. If you need to use charts, diagrams, case studies or quotes, you must put them into an Appendix and only refer to them in the Discussion Section. Material must be paraphrased and provided a citation; however
  • 21. we will allow 15% of your entire paper to have quotes. If you are unsure of what the difference is between paraphrasing and direct quoted material, get with your instructor. The Discussion does count in the total number of pages required. The Discussion should be no less than twelve (12) pages and no more than fourteen (14) pages. Rule of thumb: Four (4) Factors- Each factor should have 3.0 to 3.5 pages for each one. IV. Conclusion Now that you've shown how you reasoned through the problem, state a conclusion. The conclusion is nothing more than a brief statement of the best possible solution or solutions which you have described in detail in the Discussion section. You do not need to continue the discussion. You should not introduce new material in this section. Example: "Although new jails could be constructed to house more inmates, a new program of community custody for first offenders convicted of nonviolent crimes would prove more cost-effective." The Conclusion does count in the total number of pages required. The Conclusion should be only one (1) complete page. . Action Recommended This section does not have a Roman Numeral and goes after the conclusion section. In this section you tell the instructor (and the criminal justice executive) what your final recommended action is. Alternate possible actions have already been reviewed in your Discussion section. You're making a commitment to a single course of action. Example: "It is recommended that the city hire five more prosecuting attorneys and three more judges in order to make the court system more expedient." You include several steps that must be done in support of your action recommended, including a time frame for possible action steps, and a budget if appropriate. The Action Recommended does not count in the total number of
  • 22. pages required; however, it must not be less than two (2) pages. Be detailed in your assessment. References: Finally, include a section entitled References which lists all of your references as an annotated references using the APA** format. If you are unfamiliar with how to write an annotated reference, please review the following website for this information http://www.library.cornell.edu/olinuris/ref/research/skill28.htm. The references must be in alphabetical order. Your paper WILL NOT be accepted if the references are not annotated. The References do not count in the total number of pages required. Appendix: If applicable, must be located after the References and identified by letter. The Appendix does not count in the total number of pages required. Class Assignments: Unlike traditional content-oriented courses, this final course represents a capstone requirement for the Master’s Degree in Criminal Justice Administration and as such is more independent in nature. Therefore, after agreement is reached between the professor and the student on the problem, in subsequent weeks, the student will conduct independent research, if appropriate develop a draft Administrative Position Paper and work on revisions suggested by the professor. Collaborate Conference Calls: There will be Collaborate Sessions, which are non-mandatory and will be held at the below indicated dates and times. Each Collaborate Conference will last approximately one hour and you will be required to discuss your paper with your fellow students and me. While I
  • 23. serve as a mentor and facilitator, the student is ultimately responsible for the quality of their paper and the discussions that we have. It is your responsibility to understand the Collaborate system, BEFORE you join the conference call, therefore I would set up your computer in advance of the meeting. Collaborate Access Link (Conference Calls): https://us.bbcollab.com/guest/639de23c231b42b09a5c513d4b26 5d98 Important Term Dates: August 20, 2018 Term Begins August 20, 2018 First Collaborate Conference – 7:30 pm (Eastern Time) August 22, 2018 Sign up for a Critique Partner Complete August 26, 2018 Problem Due – Post on Message Board August 28, 2018 Critique of Problem due – Post on Message Board September 2, 2018 Factors Bearing on the Problem- Post on Message September 4, 2018 Collaborate Conference Call – 7:30 pm (Eastern Time) September 4, 2018 Critique-Factors on the Problem-Post on Message Board September 23, 2018 Post Draft #1- Post on Message Board- Post should include: Cover Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on the
  • 24. Problem, Discussion (whatever has been done) and References – DO NOT INCLUDE A CONCLUSION or ACTION RECOMMENDED September 25, 2018 Critique of Draft #1- Post on Message Board October 21, 2018 Post Draft #2- Post on Message Board- Post should include: Cover Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on the Problem, Discussion (whatever has been done) and References – DO NOT INCLUDE A CONCLUSION or ACTION RECOMMENDED October 23, 2018 Critique of Draft #2- Post on Message Board November 11, 2018 Post Draft #3 Turnitin Submission–Post on Message Board and turnitin.com- Post should include: Cover Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on the Problem, Discussion (whatever has been done), Conclusion and References, your instructor will critique in Grademark or Track Changes December 1, 2018 Post Final Project - Message Board & www.turnitin.com Post should includes: Cover Page, Problem, Factors Bearing on the Problem, Discussion, and Conclusion (include Action Recommended) and References December 9, 2018 Semester Ends- Grades Entered 13