Running head: Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental Practice: Are There Enough
Guidelines? An Evaluative Study on The Existing System in a Dental College of Riyadh 1
Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental Practice: Are There Enough Guidelines? An
Evaluative Study on The Existing System in a Dental College of Riyadh
Introduction
While it is essential to the practice of healthcare professionals to concern about patient
safety, it is relatively current that it has been transformed into a specific body of knowledge and
therefore patient safety may be considered as a relatively ‘innovative’ discipline. Its core ideas
are to prevent the occurrence of avoidable adverse events (errors, complications and accidents)
accompanying the practice of healthcare and to reduce the impact of unavoidable adverse events.
This is a simple definition for the multifaceted, complexed nature and many key elements in the
practice of patient safety. There are economic, financial, social, cultural and organizational
matters of a patient safety environment that makes it unpractical to simply define it as the
practicing safe health care or protecting patients from harm by health care professionals. It is
essential for all health care professionals and health care organizations to become more
acquainted with the overall framework of patient safety, to dynamically contribute in hard work
to apply patient safety procedures in everyday practice and to create a culture of patient safety
culture (Yamalik & Perea Pérez, 2012).
There is a constant concern and interest in dentistry for matters related to patients and
practicing safe and quality care in the everyday dental practice. Yet, like other health
professions, more attention is given to patient related matters and safety-related matters
(Yamalik & Dijk, 2013).
Furthermore, there is an emerging professional consideration of risk management, patient
safety and handling errors. Rather than hiding them, errors are now understood as learning
material and by that, the number of publications on dental errors are increasing. As an example,
Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental Practice: Are There Enough Guidelines? An
Evaluative Study on The Existing System in a Dental College of Riyadh 2
prescribing errors in dental practice is a potential ground for development in the medication
management process and patient safety (Yamalik & Dijk, 2013).
An empirical data on the attitudes of dental professionals and dental auxiliaries about the
reporting of medical errors was collected in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia by Al-Nomay et al., (2017),
most respondents (94.4% of them) expressed that medical errors should be reported. Yet, insights
of the norm, personal preferences and existing practices regarding which type of error should be
reported were inconsistent. Only 17.9% of respondents perceived that reporting errors that results
in.
Satisfaction of patient’s in the dental clinics of Riyadh Dental College, Riy...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Perception of Dental Visits among Jazan University Students, Saudi Arabiainventionjournals
Background:regular dental check-ups is fundamental in preventing and detecting dental diseases.Majority of Saudi patients do not have the trend to visit dentist frequently and they go only for emergency treatment and mostly pain is the driving factor. Aim: to evaluate the knowledge, beliefs and attitude of Jazan university students towards dental visits. Materials and Methodology:This descriptive cross-sectional; questionnaire based survey was carried out to evaluate the perception of Jazan university Saudi students towards dental visits. 352 students participated, age range of 20-24 years old. Results: The study revealed pain is the driving factor for most of the dental visits. 47.9%, their 1 stvisits complain was pain, 58% the driving factor for last visit is also pain. Although 29.1% occasionally visit dentist; 43% of them their last visit to dentist was 6 month ago. 47.6% were irregular visitors to dentist because they are afraid from dental needle and pain. 75% of the participants described their feeling at1st visit to dentist to be anxious and afraid. Although 88% of the participants knew that regular dental check-ups is important but this knowledge was not practiced.Only4.3% of the participants are driven to dental visit by dentist advice. Conclusion: there are lack of knowledge, wrong beliefs and negligence of dental visits in our study participants. Dental professional and mass media are not playing their role to change the knowledge and beliefs of the population.Recommendation: dental professionals’ media should be utilized spread knowledge of proper dental care.
Oral health Knowledge, attitudes and behaviour among a sample of Kurdish peop...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
A Review Article Branding Dental Clinic through Corporate Social Responsibili...YogeshIJTSRD
This article reviews the link between corporate social responsibility CSR , brand awareness, brand image, brand satisfaction, and brand loyalty. It would help provide evidence for CSR management and determine CSRs importance for the performance of dental clinics. In their efforts to increase CSR practices and communication to respond to patients demands and needs, which influence dental clinics branding, they would also reassure managers. The literature review indicates that previous studies in the healthcare sector supported a framework, but few were found in the dental care services sector. The article will show the links between CSR practices and communication on dental clinic branding from a review. It may help the decision manager develop a marketing plan and strategies in the private dental healthcare sector. Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul | Dr. Karin Sixl-Daniell "A Review Article Branding Dental Clinic through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44946.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/44946/a-review-article-branding-dental-clinic-through-corporate-social-responsibility-csr/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
47.Rahul VC Tiwari et al. KNOWLEDGE, AWARENESS, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE CONCERNS ABOUT COVID PREVENTION AMONG CLOVE DOCTORS IN INDIA: A QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY. JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH & RESEARCH (VOL. 1, ISSUE 2, JUL - DEC 2020): 3-9
Satisfaction of patient’s in the dental clinics of Riyadh Dental College, Riy...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Perception of Dental Visits among Jazan University Students, Saudi Arabiainventionjournals
Background:regular dental check-ups is fundamental in preventing and detecting dental diseases.Majority of Saudi patients do not have the trend to visit dentist frequently and they go only for emergency treatment and mostly pain is the driving factor. Aim: to evaluate the knowledge, beliefs and attitude of Jazan university students towards dental visits. Materials and Methodology:This descriptive cross-sectional; questionnaire based survey was carried out to evaluate the perception of Jazan university Saudi students towards dental visits. 352 students participated, age range of 20-24 years old. Results: The study revealed pain is the driving factor for most of the dental visits. 47.9%, their 1 stvisits complain was pain, 58% the driving factor for last visit is also pain. Although 29.1% occasionally visit dentist; 43% of them their last visit to dentist was 6 month ago. 47.6% were irregular visitors to dentist because they are afraid from dental needle and pain. 75% of the participants described their feeling at1st visit to dentist to be anxious and afraid. Although 88% of the participants knew that regular dental check-ups is important but this knowledge was not practiced.Only4.3% of the participants are driven to dental visit by dentist advice. Conclusion: there are lack of knowledge, wrong beliefs and negligence of dental visits in our study participants. Dental professional and mass media are not playing their role to change the knowledge and beliefs of the population.Recommendation: dental professionals’ media should be utilized spread knowledge of proper dental care.
Oral health Knowledge, attitudes and behaviour among a sample of Kurdish peop...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
A Review Article Branding Dental Clinic through Corporate Social Responsibili...YogeshIJTSRD
This article reviews the link between corporate social responsibility CSR , brand awareness, brand image, brand satisfaction, and brand loyalty. It would help provide evidence for CSR management and determine CSRs importance for the performance of dental clinics. In their efforts to increase CSR practices and communication to respond to patients demands and needs, which influence dental clinics branding, they would also reassure managers. The literature review indicates that previous studies in the healthcare sector supported a framework, but few were found in the dental care services sector. The article will show the links between CSR practices and communication on dental clinic branding from a review. It may help the decision manager develop a marketing plan and strategies in the private dental healthcare sector. Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul | Dr. Karin Sixl-Daniell "A Review Article Branding Dental Clinic through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44946.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/44946/a-review-article-branding-dental-clinic-through-corporate-social-responsibility-csr/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
47.Rahul VC Tiwari et al. KNOWLEDGE, AWARENESS, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE CONCERNS ABOUT COVID PREVENTION AMONG CLOVE DOCTORS IN INDIA: A QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY. JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH & RESEARCH (VOL. 1, ISSUE 2, JUL - DEC 2020): 3-9
Journal of Management Research ISSN 1941-899X 2016, Vol..docxtawnyataylor528
Journal of Management Research
ISSN 1941-899X
2016, Vol. 8, No. 4
www.macrothink.org/jmr 68
Factors Influencing Consumer Choice of Private Dental
Care Provider in Saudi Arabia
Ala'Eddin Mohammad Khalaf. Ahmad
Associate Professor of Health Marketing, Faculty of Economics and Administration
King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Received: July 26, 2016 Accepted: Sep 23, 2016 Published: October 1, 2016
doi:10.5296/jmr.v8i4.10004 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jmr.v8i4.10004
Abstract
This research is intended to explore the factors influencing consumer choice of private dental
care providers in Saudi Arabia. The current research is descriptive analytical. A purposive
sampling technique was employed to recruit 220 consumers who visited a private dental care
provider. This research showed that factors influencing consumers' choice (information
sources, dentist attributes, dental practice attributes, and demographics) had a positive effect
on consumers' choices of the private dental providers on the one hand. On the other hand, the
demographic factor had no effect on brand. The paper contributes to previous research by
adding to existing knowledge regarding the factors influencing consumer choice of private
dental care provider in Saudi Arabia. The paper makes key recommendations towards
studying the factors influencing the consumers' choice.
Keywords: information sources, dentist attributes, dental practice attributes, consumer choice,
dental practice, Saudi Arabia
Journal of Management Research
ISSN 1941-899X
2016, Vol. 8, No. 4
www.macrothink.org/jmr 69
1. Introduction and Research Questions
A potential healthcare consumer, when looking for and deciding on a healthcare services
provider, considers his or her problems or questions (Kotler, 2001). This problem recognition
is often referred to as self-perceived need, self-assessed need, or subjective need, because it
refers to the need that the patient identifies (Lundegren, 2012). Since perceived need or
problem recognition initiates a potential healthcare consumer to actively pursue information
to choose a healthcare provider (Kotler, 2001) and the consumer behavior of choosing a
healthcare provider may differ according to perceived need, healthcare marketers and
healthcare providers who seek to promote their practice might wonder how the process by
which potential healthcare consumers’ choose their provider differs according to their
self-perceived need.
Perceived need varies from other needs such as normative need, expressed need, and relative
need. Normative need compares health indicators to asocial norm or predetermined desired
standards. Expressed need, or utilization, is worked out according to the consumer numbers
who actually used medical services. Relative need relates to the equity of services (Kuthy and
Siegal, 2003). Furthermore, perceived ne ...
65.Izna, Sasank Kuntamukkula VK, Khanna SS, Salokhe O, Chandra Tiwari RV, Tiwari H. Knowledge and Apprehension of Dental Health Professionals Pertaining to COVID in Southern India: A Questionnaire Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2021 Jun;13(Suppl 1):S448-S451. doi: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_551_20. Epub 2021 Jun 5. PubMed PMID: 34447131; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8375944.
Diabetes Management Policy Proposal
Miatta Teasley
Capella University
NHS-FPX6004 Health Care Law and Policy
Professor Georgena Wiley
May 19, 2022
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master title style
Hello and welcome to today's presentation on drug error regulatory policy proposals. This presentation is intended to provide you, your stakeholders, with all pertinent information regarding the need for an institutional policy to reduce medication errors in medical centers. We will also go over the scope of the recommendations, strategies for addressing medication errors, and stakeholder involvement in putting these strategies into action.
Policy Proposal
Diabetes Management
2
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master title style
This proposal revolves around creating and implementing strategies that will help Med’s caregivers be able to improve on patient care regarding diabetes.
Presentation Outline
Policy on Managing Medication Errors
Need for a Policy
Scope of Policy
Strategies to Resolve Mediation Errors
Role of the Hospital Staff
Positive impact on Working Conditions
Issues in the Application of Strategies
Alterative Perspectives on Mitigating Medication Errors
Stakeholder Participation
3
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master title style
The presentation highlights key functions in any policy implementation process. The steps this presentation takes appear in the order as indicated here. We will start y looking at
Policy on Managing Medication Errors then
Need for a Policy followed by
Strategies to Resolve Mediation Errors. Then the
Role of the Hospital Staff and the
Positive impact on Working Conditions. Also, we will look at
Issues in the Application of Strategies and the
Alterative Perspectives on Mitigating Medication Errors and finally,
Stakeholder Participation
Policy on Managing Medication Errors
4
Health practitioners should create and advance engaging policies
Many Healthcare departments require modernization
Healthcare policies should be adjusted to meet defined benchmarks
Key stakeholders are vital for successful implementation of proposed policies
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master title style
When advocating for organizational regulation changes about federal, state, or local health care guidelines or rules and regulations, healthcare practitioners should be able to create and advance an engaging and logical policy and guideline parameters that will provide a segment, a group, or an entire institution to correct and shed light on issues of accomplishment and execute developments in the quality and safety of medical management.
Despite being recognized as one of the greatest health insurance carriers for people over 65, several departments need to be modernized. The most pr.
patient safety and staff Management system ppt.pptxanjalatchi
Patient Safety is a health care discipline that emerged with the evolving complexity in health care systems and the resulting rise of patient harm in health care facilities. It aims to prevent and reduce risks, errors and harm that occur to patients during provision of health care.
patient safety and staff Management system ppt.pptxanjalatchi
What is Patient Safety? Patient Safety is a health care discipline that emerged with the evolving complexity in health care systems and the resulting rise of patient harm in health care facilities. It aims to prevent and reduce risks, errors and harm that occur to patients during provision of health care.
A Qualitative Research Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty A C...YogeshIJTSRD
This study aims to identify factors affecting patient satisfaction and loyalty in private dental practice using Smile Family Dental Clinic as a case study Convenience Sampling . The researcher identified the factors dental practice related factors which affect patient satisfaction and loyalty regarding their efforts to increase dental practice quality to respond to patients demands and needs, influencing patient satisfaction and loyalty. The literature review indicated that previous studies in the healthcare sector confirmed the relationship mainly are from the quantitative design. Still, few support the dental care services private dental practice sector in the qualitative approach. The researcher developed the theoretical framework from high valid sources of previous research and the consumer behavior model of Kotler and Keller 2016 . The elements of dental practice related factors include Prices, Facilities, Dentist Services, and Staff Services, whic based on Kim et al. 2012 , patient satisfaction and patient loyalty were based on previous research. Purposive Sampling in a total of 10 respondents from 3,689 cases of the clinics population was in a data collection process through online Semi structured interviews and content analysis adopting NVivo software. The results showed that patients perceptions of dentist services are essentially the most, followed by staff services, prices, and facilities. Satisfaction on factors effect on patient loyalty Revisit and Recommendation Intention . Recommendation from peers or relatives influencing them to choose a clinic. A dentists reputation is the most recommendation. Patients are satisfied with dentist and staff services responding to their needs and expectations. The reasonable price and the costs are not high, influencing their satisfaction. Facilities are the least important factor. Further research may help the decision manager develop a marketing plan and strategies in the private dental healthcare sector. The results could be applied to improve quality management and increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty in any company services sector. Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul | Dr. Mamata Bhandar "A Qualitative Research Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty: A Case Study of Smile Family Dental Clinic" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44975.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/44975/a-qualitative-research-factors-affecting-patient-satisfaction-and-loyalty-a-case-study-of-smile-family-dental-clinic/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
Implementing SBAR
Student's Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course Details
Instructor's Name
Date
Implementing SBAR
SBAR communication tool is an effective and simple communication method that works across all the healthcare disciplines to create a safer working environment. Müller et al. (2018) reveal that using SBAR enhances efficacy, accuracy, and efficiency of handoff reports which boosts patient safety by improving communication and encouraging patient involvement Ineffective, absent, or inadequate communication leading to patient safety concerns has become a big problem in many care facilities, including where I work. According to Herawati et al. (2018), poor patient handoff communication from caregivers reduces patient safety. Regardless of the technological advancements, interdisciplinary care providers in many care facilities still do not communicate effectively, threatening patient's safety.
The use of written handoff using SBAR was implemented two years ago in the hospital I work. The handoff is easily accessible by all interdisciplinary team directly working with the patient and this is also used as a communication tool when giving report. According to Uhm et al. (2019), implementing a well-developed SBAR program of communication grounded on learning theory improves nurses' communication skills and boosts their confidence during patient handover. All the team member in the hospital identified the implementation of SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation) as a solution for the persisting communication problem among caregivers, especially during patient handoffs within the hospital. The use of SBAR as a communication tool has been highly effective, reading the SBAR handoff note only allows you to know a lot about the patient situation and history. Implementing the evidence-based intervention is timely and in line with the organization's policies that prioritize patient safety and high-quality care delivery. Standardized processes, including SBAR, have effectively eradicated missing care information incidents and promoted information sharing among healthcare professionals. Studies have established poor communication during patient handoffs as the main cause of misguided actions, lost information, and misinterpretation of critical care information (Uhm et al., 2019). I will desceibe the steps of implementing evidenced practice at my working according to the discussion I had with my manager.
The model for improvement is a four steps approach that guides the effective implementation of SBAR to solve communication problems among caregivers. Planning is the first model's step to implementing the SBAR practice. This phase involves visible and strong leadership from the hospital's senior managers and clinical champions to gather enough support for the practice change (Müller et al., 2018). At this phase, the team should decide where to start the SBAR test by thinking about the area with substantia ...
Call for a standard framework for clinical risk management program to ensure ...Ruby Med Plus
Globally, the patient safety movement got focused in risk management by the publication of “To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System”, in 1999, which articulated the findings of a study of Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the devastating consequences of widespread medical error in the hospitals in USA. In addition to the unfortunate health consequences of medical error, there are direct and indirect costs borne by society as a whole. Patient Safety is the fundamental of the health care system. If care is not provided in a safe manner in a safe environment, the chances for a good outcome are lessened significantly.
As, Institute of Medicine (IOM) noted, “Patients should not be harmed by the care that is intended to help them, nor should harm come to those who work in health care.” The goal of risk management in health care must be to prevent harm from reaching patients and those involved in providing care to those patients and the place where the care is being provided . The aim of Clinical Risk Management is to improve both the safety and quality of care for patients and to reduce the costs of such risks for health care providers ” Hence, the Clinical Risk Management program needs a standard framework to fulfill this objective of Clinical Risk Management in clinical Dentistry. It gives the realization to the Dentist / Dental Team that fallibility is part of the human condition and human condition can’t be changed, but the conditions under which people work can be changed. That explains the need of Clinical Risk Management in Dentistry.
Medication Administration Errors at Children's University Hospitals: Nurses P...iosrjce
Medication administration errors(MAE) can threaten patient outcomes and are a dimension of
patient safety directly linked to nursing care. Children are particularly vulnerable to medication errors because
of their unique physiology and developmental needs.
Aims: The present study aims to examine types, stages and causes of medication errors. Barriers of medication
administration errors reporting and its facilitator at pediatric University hospitals from nurses point of view.
Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in Pediatric intensive care units, medical, surgical and urology
ward of children's university hospital at Mansoura University, intensive care units, kidney dialysis at
Abouelrash pediatric hospital and general wards of Elmonaira at Cairo University Hospitals. 80 nurses were
included in the study after fulfilling the criteria of selection. A structured interview questionnaire that consists
of four sections was used.
Results: The highest types of medication errors as reported by studied nurses occurred when the medication is
delivered by the wrong route, the highest stage of medication errors done by nurses was missing of medication
then patient monitoring and administration and the highest cause of medication errors was due to heavy
workload. The results of this study indicated that the strongest perceived barriers to medication administration
errors reporting were fear from consequences of reporting, then managerial factor and then the process of
reporting from the nurse's viewpoint. The nurses agree that identifying benefits of reporting followed agree that
feeling safe about working environment, and agree that good professional relationship with physicians was the
most facilitating factors of reporting medication errors.
Conclusions: It was concluded that medication errors result from interrelated factors, the strongest perceived
barriers to medication administration errors reporting were fear from consequences of reporting, and good
relationship with nurse managers and physicians were the most facilitators of reporting medication errors.
Recommendation: The study recommended that the assessment of medication errors should be done
periodically and in- service training program about medication administrations should be applied
Interdisciplinary Seminars and First-Aid Textbook on Dental Trauma for Medica...Cecilia Young 楊幽幽
Interdisciplinary Seminars and First-Aid Textbook on Dental Trauma for Medical Students and Practitioners
Cecilia Young*
Independent Researcher, Hong Kong
*Corresponding Author: Cecilia Young, Independent Researcher, Hong Kong.
Received: May 29, 2018 ; Published: June 21, 2018
By administering assessments and analyzing the results, targeted aTawnaDelatorrejs
By administering assessments and analyzing the results, targeted and individualized interventions can be determined to best serve the needs of students with disabilities. The actual implementation of the interventions provides teachers opportunities to collect data and gauge the effectiveness of the interventions in addressing documented student needs. Teachers can also gain important skills and knowledge on how to best advocate for practical classroom interventions. Teachers will also be able to collaborate with colleagues and families in mentoring students to take ownership of learning strategies.
Allocate at least 2 hours in the field to support this field experience,
Part 1: Assessment and Interventions
Select at least one student to whom you will administer the informal RTI assessment created in Clinical Field Experience A. Score the assessment and share the results with the student to increase understanding of his or her strengths and areas for improvement.
Collaborate with the certified special education teacher and the student to develop 2-3 interventions based on the student assessment data to support the student’s progress in the classroom. In addition, detail one intervention that can be incorporated at home with family support.
Use any remaining field experience hours to assist the teacher in providing instruction and support to the class.
Part 2: Reflection
In 250-500 words, summarize and reflect upon the following:
· Describe each intervention, including teacher, student, and family roles, where applicable.
· Your experiences administering the assessment, analyzing the results, and providing the student feedback on his or her performance.
· Explain how you expect the interventions you developed to meet the needs of the student, incorporating his or her assessment results in your response.
· Explain how you will use your findings in your future professional practice.
APA format is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.
This assignment uses a rubric. Review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.
6
Annotated Bibliography
Student’s Name
Course
Instructor’s name.
Institutional Affiliation
October 7, 2021.
Annotated Bibliography
Ali, H., Ibrahem, S. Z., Al Mudaf, B., Al Fadalah, T., Jamal, D., & El-Jardali, F. (2018). Baseline assessment of patient safety culture in public hospitals in Kuwait. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-2960-x
The researchers conducted a cross-sectional study in 16 public hospitals in Kuwait using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC). The study aimed to assess patient safety culture in public hospitals as perceived by hospital staff and relate the findings similar to regional and international ...
1EU HCM505 - 146Research Methodology in Health CriAnastaciaShadelb
1
EU HCM505 - 146
Research Methodology in Health
Critical Thinking Assignment: Research Paper_ Module 12
130 Points
/
Saami Comment by Dale Gooden: Hello Saleh,
Thank you for the hard work on this submission. I enjoyed reading it and have provided my feedback below.
Warmly,
Dr. Gooden
November 26, 2021
Patient Safety Culture in hospitals.
Introduction. Comment by Dale Gooden: You provided a solid introduction, background, and overview of the central theme of your research.
Patient safety is an issue of global public health concern. It refers to preventing patients from harm by implementing a care system that contains errors and learns from medical errors to build a safety culture involving healthcare workers, patients, and healthcare organizations. The safety of patients is critical in care quality. Many patients worldwide have suffered injuries, disabilities, and death due to medical errors or unsafe care. Patient safety culture can be defined as healthcare organizations' values about what is essential and how to operate to protect patients. To achieve a safety culture, organizations and their members need to understand the values, norms and beliefs about the essential attitudes and behaviors associated with patient safety (Ali et al., 2018).
To achieve a culture of safety, organizations should emphasize addressing disparities in the quality of care because the current challenges may worsen the efforts to narrow the gap. Quality and safety are key issues in establishing and delivering accessible, responsive and effective healthcare systems. Poor quality and unsafe patient care increase mortality and morbidity rates throughout the world. About 75% of the healthcare delivery gaps are preventable, and approximately 10% of inpatient admission result from preventable patient harm (Amiri et al., 2018).
Patient safety cultures with strong collaboration and leadership drive and prioritize safety (Wu et al., 2019). Strong leadership and commitment from manger are essential because their attitudes and actions influence the wider workforce's behaviors, perceptions, and attitudes. Other important aspects of the patient safety culture are; effective communication, mutual trust, shared views on the importance of patient safety, engaging the healthcare workforce, acknowledging mistakes, and having a system that recognizes, responds, and gives feedback on adverse events (Alquwez et al., 2018). Patient safety culture is influenced by burnouts, hospital characteristics, communication, position, work area, commitment to the patient safety program, leadership, and patient safety resources and management.
Thesis statement. Comment by Dale Gooden: Include a research question supported with peer-reviewed references to improve your grade.
Patient safety culture focuses on safety in health care by emphasizing the prevention, reporting, and investigation of medical errors that may cause patients' adverse effects, thus reducing harm by implementing n ...
OVERVIEW
Strategy Defined
National Strategy
International Strategy
Writing Assignment Instructions
Conclusion
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY
STRATEGY DEFINED
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY – That is covered in ITS831 – Information Technology Importance in Strategic Planning
According to Oxford:
“a plan of action or policy designed to achieve a major or overall aim.
Strategies can be nested
Strategies require action plans (tactics) to be realized
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY
2
US NATIONAL IT STRATEGIES
National Cyber Strategy
STEM Education Strategic Plan
Department of Defense Cyber Strategy
Department of Commerce Strategic Plan
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY
https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/National-Cyber-Strategy.pdf
https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/STEM-Education-Strategic-Plan-2018.pdf
https://media.defense.gov/2018/Sep/18/2002041658/-1/-1/1/CYBER_STRATEGY_SUMMARY_FINAL.PDF
https://www.commerce.gov/sites/default/files/us_department_of_commerce_2018-2022_strategic_plan.pdf
3
INTERNATIONAL STRATEGY
Bi-lateral Agreements
Multi-National Agreements
Open/Commercial Standards Bodies
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY
https://thediplomat.com/2018/09/comcasa-another-step-forward-for-the-united-states-and-india/
https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/pdf_2010_05/20100517_100517_expertsreport.pdf
https://ubiquity.acm.org/article.cfm?id=1071915
https://www.internetsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Strategy-2025-and-Action-Plan-2020-Development-Process-March-2019.pdf
WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS
Read and analyze the US STEM education strategic plan(linked again here in the speaker notes)
Write a 2-3 page APA formatted paper that addresses the following questions:
Is the strategy properly resourced?
What evidence of nested strategies and plans can you find?
What gaps or areas for improvement can you identify?
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY
https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/STEM-Education-Strategic-Plan-2018.pdf
CONCLUSION
Publicly released strategies give subordinate agencies a direction to go, something they can use to craft action plans
Strategies without supporting plans and resources are pointless
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY
6
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· Research article
· Open Access
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Medication administration error reporting and associated factors among nurses working at the University of Gondar referral hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2015
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volume 15, Article number: 43 (2016)
· 5798 Accesses
· 4 Citations
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Abstract
Background
Medication administration is the final step/phase of medication process in which its error directly affects the patient health. Due to the central role of nurses in medication administration, whether they are the source of an error, a contributor, or an observer they have the profe.
Running head PHD IT 1PHD IT 5Written Interview Qu.docxtodd581
Running head: PHD IT 1
PHD IT 5
Written Interview Questions: PhD IT
Student’s name
Professor’s name
Course title
Date
Phd IT
Q 1: Information technology research interests, importance, and inspiration
Information technology must not be underestimated. Organizations now recognize information technology as a first mover advantage over the competitors. The increased desire for smart cities, sophisticated robotics, and now that the society is in the information age requires technology wizards to help in the transition. Notably, increased cyber attacks reports need more research. I am interested in finding out the emerging threats and safety precautions to lend a hand in reducing losses as a result the threats. The other is data breaching. The wide embrace of electronic commerce and storage of information electronically has led to the breach of sensitive information. Studying information technology in-depth will grant insights on how to govern information. Big data is common today. I would wish to know about the analytics of big data and its applications to make sound decisions. Risk is a fact. Knowledge on enterprise risk management is essential for the management of risks. Information technology varieties reflect the need to research about the technologies for a global world. Data is becoming more complex, calling for data science knowledge.
Q 2: Reasons for selecting PhD in information technology including University of the Cumberlands
Now that the world is driven by information technology is a sign of growth. To a student, this implies increased job opportunities which is a plus if one has a doctorate degree. A doctorate person can fit in careers that require high technology such as information technology consultant, strategist, architect, director, and chief information officer over a master’s person. A PhD will therefore, grant me the theories and strategies important to become a leader in technology management. University of the Cumberlands was chosen because it has been certified by the National Security Agency as well as Homeland Security as a center of excellence in the prevention of cyber threats (University of the Cumberlands, 2018). The university also offers the chance to study online and takes into account the student’s schedule to have time for work and home.
Q 3: Strengths verses weaknesses including impacts
More research is expected of a PhD student. The ability to research and write well will be beneficial in delivering the needed content. A thinker is also required to present substantive knowledge. Sacrifice in terms of time and effort is a must to graduate within the allocated duration. I am well-prepared to pursue this study because of the focus that I have. Additionally, I have shared about my interests and goals with my mentor therefore, assured that I am in the correct field. The selected mentor is knowledgeable about information technology and will get to this person when faced by any challenge. I a.
Running head PERSONALITY INVENTORIES1PERSONALITY INVENTORIE.docxtodd581
Running head: PERSONALITY INVENTORIES 1
PERSONALITY INVENTORIES 9
Personality Inventories as Evidence of Personality
Matthew M. Rosario
University of the Rookies
May 15, 2018
Abstract
It can be difficult to understand law in relations to psychology and the way behavior can be explained in a more practical application. Unfortunately, the advancement of psychology and the perception of law are at a constant struggle with each other because law is specific and psychology is changing. Understanding how juror verdict come to be not from a lawyer standpoint by a psychological one can be beneficial as far a juror selection. Juror selection is the most important part during pre-trial services. Being able to use science to investigate juror personality in regards to personality evidence can create a new theory in psychology and law once the research begins and the length and understanding of the topic is better. This paper will outline information of my research topic.
Personality Inventories as Evidence of Personality
It can be difficult to understand law in relations to psychology and the way behavior can be explained in a more practical application. Unfortunately, the advancement of psychology and the perception of law are at a constant struggle with each other because law is specific and psychology is changing. Law does not change in theory, but psychology does which enhances psychological understanding of the world. Being able to identify juror in favor of a particlar postion during “Voir Dire” can be beneficial during legal preceedings. Voir dire is the ability to rehabilitate the jury by allowing the judge and attorney to observe and ask questions to eliminate bias jurors before selecting the final 12 jurors who will preside over the case (Erik, Marek, 2016). Unfortunately, this method can be used in order to evaluate which juror would be most benefical for a particlar lawyer during a trial. In other words, lawyers have the ability to munapluate the selction process in order to gain juror in their favor. According to Schuller, Erentzen, Vo, and Li (2015) it is the right for one to be tried by an impartial and independent jury from one’s peers, but this can be difficult when peers can be prejudice or possibly chosen by attorneys to benefit their position. At this time there is mininal psychological assessement being conducted in order to understand the jurors position outside of their biases. Because this is a new topic emerging in studies, more research needs to be conducted in order to understand the bases of trial science and the annotation of using trial consultant to create mock trials for juror selection for their advantage. Due to trial science being a new specialty this lead to the research topic can personality inventories indicate a juror verdict during trial? Many researchers concluded that juror background demographic information, education and personality could influence a juror verdict, but did not con.
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Similar to Running head Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental Pra.docx
Journal of Management Research ISSN 1941-899X 2016, Vol..docxtawnyataylor528
Journal of Management Research
ISSN 1941-899X
2016, Vol. 8, No. 4
www.macrothink.org/jmr 68
Factors Influencing Consumer Choice of Private Dental
Care Provider in Saudi Arabia
Ala'Eddin Mohammad Khalaf. Ahmad
Associate Professor of Health Marketing, Faculty of Economics and Administration
King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Received: July 26, 2016 Accepted: Sep 23, 2016 Published: October 1, 2016
doi:10.5296/jmr.v8i4.10004 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jmr.v8i4.10004
Abstract
This research is intended to explore the factors influencing consumer choice of private dental
care providers in Saudi Arabia. The current research is descriptive analytical. A purposive
sampling technique was employed to recruit 220 consumers who visited a private dental care
provider. This research showed that factors influencing consumers' choice (information
sources, dentist attributes, dental practice attributes, and demographics) had a positive effect
on consumers' choices of the private dental providers on the one hand. On the other hand, the
demographic factor had no effect on brand. The paper contributes to previous research by
adding to existing knowledge regarding the factors influencing consumer choice of private
dental care provider in Saudi Arabia. The paper makes key recommendations towards
studying the factors influencing the consumers' choice.
Keywords: information sources, dentist attributes, dental practice attributes, consumer choice,
dental practice, Saudi Arabia
Journal of Management Research
ISSN 1941-899X
2016, Vol. 8, No. 4
www.macrothink.org/jmr 69
1. Introduction and Research Questions
A potential healthcare consumer, when looking for and deciding on a healthcare services
provider, considers his or her problems or questions (Kotler, 2001). This problem recognition
is often referred to as self-perceived need, self-assessed need, or subjective need, because it
refers to the need that the patient identifies (Lundegren, 2012). Since perceived need or
problem recognition initiates a potential healthcare consumer to actively pursue information
to choose a healthcare provider (Kotler, 2001) and the consumer behavior of choosing a
healthcare provider may differ according to perceived need, healthcare marketers and
healthcare providers who seek to promote their practice might wonder how the process by
which potential healthcare consumers’ choose their provider differs according to their
self-perceived need.
Perceived need varies from other needs such as normative need, expressed need, and relative
need. Normative need compares health indicators to asocial norm or predetermined desired
standards. Expressed need, or utilization, is worked out according to the consumer numbers
who actually used medical services. Relative need relates to the equity of services (Kuthy and
Siegal, 2003). Furthermore, perceived ne ...
65.Izna, Sasank Kuntamukkula VK, Khanna SS, Salokhe O, Chandra Tiwari RV, Tiwari H. Knowledge and Apprehension of Dental Health Professionals Pertaining to COVID in Southern India: A Questionnaire Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2021 Jun;13(Suppl 1):S448-S451. doi: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_551_20. Epub 2021 Jun 5. PubMed PMID: 34447131; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8375944.
Diabetes Management Policy Proposal
Miatta Teasley
Capella University
NHS-FPX6004 Health Care Law and Policy
Professor Georgena Wiley
May 19, 2022
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master title style
Hello and welcome to today's presentation on drug error regulatory policy proposals. This presentation is intended to provide you, your stakeholders, with all pertinent information regarding the need for an institutional policy to reduce medication errors in medical centers. We will also go over the scope of the recommendations, strategies for addressing medication errors, and stakeholder involvement in putting these strategies into action.
Policy Proposal
Diabetes Management
2
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master title style
This proposal revolves around creating and implementing strategies that will help Med’s caregivers be able to improve on patient care regarding diabetes.
Presentation Outline
Policy on Managing Medication Errors
Need for a Policy
Scope of Policy
Strategies to Resolve Mediation Errors
Role of the Hospital Staff
Positive impact on Working Conditions
Issues in the Application of Strategies
Alterative Perspectives on Mitigating Medication Errors
Stakeholder Participation
3
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master title style
The presentation highlights key functions in any policy implementation process. The steps this presentation takes appear in the order as indicated here. We will start y looking at
Policy on Managing Medication Errors then
Need for a Policy followed by
Strategies to Resolve Mediation Errors. Then the
Role of the Hospital Staff and the
Positive impact on Working Conditions. Also, we will look at
Issues in the Application of Strategies and the
Alterative Perspectives on Mitigating Medication Errors and finally,
Stakeholder Participation
Policy on Managing Medication Errors
4
Health practitioners should create and advance engaging policies
Many Healthcare departments require modernization
Healthcare policies should be adjusted to meet defined benchmarks
Key stakeholders are vital for successful implementation of proposed policies
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master title style
When advocating for organizational regulation changes about federal, state, or local health care guidelines or rules and regulations, healthcare practitioners should be able to create and advance an engaging and logical policy and guideline parameters that will provide a segment, a group, or an entire institution to correct and shed light on issues of accomplishment and execute developments in the quality and safety of medical management.
Despite being recognized as one of the greatest health insurance carriers for people over 65, several departments need to be modernized. The most pr.
patient safety and staff Management system ppt.pptxanjalatchi
Patient Safety is a health care discipline that emerged with the evolving complexity in health care systems and the resulting rise of patient harm in health care facilities. It aims to prevent and reduce risks, errors and harm that occur to patients during provision of health care.
patient safety and staff Management system ppt.pptxanjalatchi
What is Patient Safety? Patient Safety is a health care discipline that emerged with the evolving complexity in health care systems and the resulting rise of patient harm in health care facilities. It aims to prevent and reduce risks, errors and harm that occur to patients during provision of health care.
A Qualitative Research Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty A C...YogeshIJTSRD
This study aims to identify factors affecting patient satisfaction and loyalty in private dental practice using Smile Family Dental Clinic as a case study Convenience Sampling . The researcher identified the factors dental practice related factors which affect patient satisfaction and loyalty regarding their efforts to increase dental practice quality to respond to patients demands and needs, influencing patient satisfaction and loyalty. The literature review indicated that previous studies in the healthcare sector confirmed the relationship mainly are from the quantitative design. Still, few support the dental care services private dental practice sector in the qualitative approach. The researcher developed the theoretical framework from high valid sources of previous research and the consumer behavior model of Kotler and Keller 2016 . The elements of dental practice related factors include Prices, Facilities, Dentist Services, and Staff Services, whic based on Kim et al. 2012 , patient satisfaction and patient loyalty were based on previous research. Purposive Sampling in a total of 10 respondents from 3,689 cases of the clinics population was in a data collection process through online Semi structured interviews and content analysis adopting NVivo software. The results showed that patients perceptions of dentist services are essentially the most, followed by staff services, prices, and facilities. Satisfaction on factors effect on patient loyalty Revisit and Recommendation Intention . Recommendation from peers or relatives influencing them to choose a clinic. A dentists reputation is the most recommendation. Patients are satisfied with dentist and staff services responding to their needs and expectations. The reasonable price and the costs are not high, influencing their satisfaction. Facilities are the least important factor. Further research may help the decision manager develop a marketing plan and strategies in the private dental healthcare sector. The results could be applied to improve quality management and increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty in any company services sector. Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul | Dr. Mamata Bhandar "A Qualitative Research Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty: A Case Study of Smile Family Dental Clinic" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44975.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/44975/a-qualitative-research-factors-affecting-patient-satisfaction-and-loyalty-a-case-study-of-smile-family-dental-clinic/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
Implementing SBAR
Student's Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course Details
Instructor's Name
Date
Implementing SBAR
SBAR communication tool is an effective and simple communication method that works across all the healthcare disciplines to create a safer working environment. Müller et al. (2018) reveal that using SBAR enhances efficacy, accuracy, and efficiency of handoff reports which boosts patient safety by improving communication and encouraging patient involvement Ineffective, absent, or inadequate communication leading to patient safety concerns has become a big problem in many care facilities, including where I work. According to Herawati et al. (2018), poor patient handoff communication from caregivers reduces patient safety. Regardless of the technological advancements, interdisciplinary care providers in many care facilities still do not communicate effectively, threatening patient's safety.
The use of written handoff using SBAR was implemented two years ago in the hospital I work. The handoff is easily accessible by all interdisciplinary team directly working with the patient and this is also used as a communication tool when giving report. According to Uhm et al. (2019), implementing a well-developed SBAR program of communication grounded on learning theory improves nurses' communication skills and boosts their confidence during patient handover. All the team member in the hospital identified the implementation of SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation) as a solution for the persisting communication problem among caregivers, especially during patient handoffs within the hospital. The use of SBAR as a communication tool has been highly effective, reading the SBAR handoff note only allows you to know a lot about the patient situation and history. Implementing the evidence-based intervention is timely and in line with the organization's policies that prioritize patient safety and high-quality care delivery. Standardized processes, including SBAR, have effectively eradicated missing care information incidents and promoted information sharing among healthcare professionals. Studies have established poor communication during patient handoffs as the main cause of misguided actions, lost information, and misinterpretation of critical care information (Uhm et al., 2019). I will desceibe the steps of implementing evidenced practice at my working according to the discussion I had with my manager.
The model for improvement is a four steps approach that guides the effective implementation of SBAR to solve communication problems among caregivers. Planning is the first model's step to implementing the SBAR practice. This phase involves visible and strong leadership from the hospital's senior managers and clinical champions to gather enough support for the practice change (Müller et al., 2018). At this phase, the team should decide where to start the SBAR test by thinking about the area with substantia ...
Call for a standard framework for clinical risk management program to ensure ...Ruby Med Plus
Globally, the patient safety movement got focused in risk management by the publication of “To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System”, in 1999, which articulated the findings of a study of Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the devastating consequences of widespread medical error in the hospitals in USA. In addition to the unfortunate health consequences of medical error, there are direct and indirect costs borne by society as a whole. Patient Safety is the fundamental of the health care system. If care is not provided in a safe manner in a safe environment, the chances for a good outcome are lessened significantly.
As, Institute of Medicine (IOM) noted, “Patients should not be harmed by the care that is intended to help them, nor should harm come to those who work in health care.” The goal of risk management in health care must be to prevent harm from reaching patients and those involved in providing care to those patients and the place where the care is being provided . The aim of Clinical Risk Management is to improve both the safety and quality of care for patients and to reduce the costs of such risks for health care providers ” Hence, the Clinical Risk Management program needs a standard framework to fulfill this objective of Clinical Risk Management in clinical Dentistry. It gives the realization to the Dentist / Dental Team that fallibility is part of the human condition and human condition can’t be changed, but the conditions under which people work can be changed. That explains the need of Clinical Risk Management in Dentistry.
Medication Administration Errors at Children's University Hospitals: Nurses P...iosrjce
Medication administration errors(MAE) can threaten patient outcomes and are a dimension of
patient safety directly linked to nursing care. Children are particularly vulnerable to medication errors because
of their unique physiology and developmental needs.
Aims: The present study aims to examine types, stages and causes of medication errors. Barriers of medication
administration errors reporting and its facilitator at pediatric University hospitals from nurses point of view.
Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in Pediatric intensive care units, medical, surgical and urology
ward of children's university hospital at Mansoura University, intensive care units, kidney dialysis at
Abouelrash pediatric hospital and general wards of Elmonaira at Cairo University Hospitals. 80 nurses were
included in the study after fulfilling the criteria of selection. A structured interview questionnaire that consists
of four sections was used.
Results: The highest types of medication errors as reported by studied nurses occurred when the medication is
delivered by the wrong route, the highest stage of medication errors done by nurses was missing of medication
then patient monitoring and administration and the highest cause of medication errors was due to heavy
workload. The results of this study indicated that the strongest perceived barriers to medication administration
errors reporting were fear from consequences of reporting, then managerial factor and then the process of
reporting from the nurse's viewpoint. The nurses agree that identifying benefits of reporting followed agree that
feeling safe about working environment, and agree that good professional relationship with physicians was the
most facilitating factors of reporting medication errors.
Conclusions: It was concluded that medication errors result from interrelated factors, the strongest perceived
barriers to medication administration errors reporting were fear from consequences of reporting, and good
relationship with nurse managers and physicians were the most facilitators of reporting medication errors.
Recommendation: The study recommended that the assessment of medication errors should be done
periodically and in- service training program about medication administrations should be applied
Interdisciplinary Seminars and First-Aid Textbook on Dental Trauma for Medica...Cecilia Young 楊幽幽
Interdisciplinary Seminars and First-Aid Textbook on Dental Trauma for Medical Students and Practitioners
Cecilia Young*
Independent Researcher, Hong Kong
*Corresponding Author: Cecilia Young, Independent Researcher, Hong Kong.
Received: May 29, 2018 ; Published: June 21, 2018
By administering assessments and analyzing the results, targeted aTawnaDelatorrejs
By administering assessments and analyzing the results, targeted and individualized interventions can be determined to best serve the needs of students with disabilities. The actual implementation of the interventions provides teachers opportunities to collect data and gauge the effectiveness of the interventions in addressing documented student needs. Teachers can also gain important skills and knowledge on how to best advocate for practical classroom interventions. Teachers will also be able to collaborate with colleagues and families in mentoring students to take ownership of learning strategies.
Allocate at least 2 hours in the field to support this field experience,
Part 1: Assessment and Interventions
Select at least one student to whom you will administer the informal RTI assessment created in Clinical Field Experience A. Score the assessment and share the results with the student to increase understanding of his or her strengths and areas for improvement.
Collaborate with the certified special education teacher and the student to develop 2-3 interventions based on the student assessment data to support the student’s progress in the classroom. In addition, detail one intervention that can be incorporated at home with family support.
Use any remaining field experience hours to assist the teacher in providing instruction and support to the class.
Part 2: Reflection
In 250-500 words, summarize and reflect upon the following:
· Describe each intervention, including teacher, student, and family roles, where applicable.
· Your experiences administering the assessment, analyzing the results, and providing the student feedback on his or her performance.
· Explain how you expect the interventions you developed to meet the needs of the student, incorporating his or her assessment results in your response.
· Explain how you will use your findings in your future professional practice.
APA format is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.
This assignment uses a rubric. Review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.
6
Annotated Bibliography
Student’s Name
Course
Instructor’s name.
Institutional Affiliation
October 7, 2021.
Annotated Bibliography
Ali, H., Ibrahem, S. Z., Al Mudaf, B., Al Fadalah, T., Jamal, D., & El-Jardali, F. (2018). Baseline assessment of patient safety culture in public hospitals in Kuwait. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-2960-x
The researchers conducted a cross-sectional study in 16 public hospitals in Kuwait using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC). The study aimed to assess patient safety culture in public hospitals as perceived by hospital staff and relate the findings similar to regional and international ...
1EU HCM505 - 146Research Methodology in Health CriAnastaciaShadelb
1
EU HCM505 - 146
Research Methodology in Health
Critical Thinking Assignment: Research Paper_ Module 12
130 Points
/
Saami Comment by Dale Gooden: Hello Saleh,
Thank you for the hard work on this submission. I enjoyed reading it and have provided my feedback below.
Warmly,
Dr. Gooden
November 26, 2021
Patient Safety Culture in hospitals.
Introduction. Comment by Dale Gooden: You provided a solid introduction, background, and overview of the central theme of your research.
Patient safety is an issue of global public health concern. It refers to preventing patients from harm by implementing a care system that contains errors and learns from medical errors to build a safety culture involving healthcare workers, patients, and healthcare organizations. The safety of patients is critical in care quality. Many patients worldwide have suffered injuries, disabilities, and death due to medical errors or unsafe care. Patient safety culture can be defined as healthcare organizations' values about what is essential and how to operate to protect patients. To achieve a safety culture, organizations and their members need to understand the values, norms and beliefs about the essential attitudes and behaviors associated with patient safety (Ali et al., 2018).
To achieve a culture of safety, organizations should emphasize addressing disparities in the quality of care because the current challenges may worsen the efforts to narrow the gap. Quality and safety are key issues in establishing and delivering accessible, responsive and effective healthcare systems. Poor quality and unsafe patient care increase mortality and morbidity rates throughout the world. About 75% of the healthcare delivery gaps are preventable, and approximately 10% of inpatient admission result from preventable patient harm (Amiri et al., 2018).
Patient safety cultures with strong collaboration and leadership drive and prioritize safety (Wu et al., 2019). Strong leadership and commitment from manger are essential because their attitudes and actions influence the wider workforce's behaviors, perceptions, and attitudes. Other important aspects of the patient safety culture are; effective communication, mutual trust, shared views on the importance of patient safety, engaging the healthcare workforce, acknowledging mistakes, and having a system that recognizes, responds, and gives feedback on adverse events (Alquwez et al., 2018). Patient safety culture is influenced by burnouts, hospital characteristics, communication, position, work area, commitment to the patient safety program, leadership, and patient safety resources and management.
Thesis statement. Comment by Dale Gooden: Include a research question supported with peer-reviewed references to improve your grade.
Patient safety culture focuses on safety in health care by emphasizing the prevention, reporting, and investigation of medical errors that may cause patients' adverse effects, thus reducing harm by implementing n ...
OVERVIEW
Strategy Defined
National Strategy
International Strategy
Writing Assignment Instructions
Conclusion
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY
STRATEGY DEFINED
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY – That is covered in ITS831 – Information Technology Importance in Strategic Planning
According to Oxford:
“a plan of action or policy designed to achieve a major or overall aim.
Strategies can be nested
Strategies require action plans (tactics) to be realized
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY
2
US NATIONAL IT STRATEGIES
National Cyber Strategy
STEM Education Strategic Plan
Department of Defense Cyber Strategy
Department of Commerce Strategic Plan
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY
https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/National-Cyber-Strategy.pdf
https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/STEM-Education-Strategic-Plan-2018.pdf
https://media.defense.gov/2018/Sep/18/2002041658/-1/-1/1/CYBER_STRATEGY_SUMMARY_FINAL.PDF
https://www.commerce.gov/sites/default/files/us_department_of_commerce_2018-2022_strategic_plan.pdf
3
INTERNATIONAL STRATEGY
Bi-lateral Agreements
Multi-National Agreements
Open/Commercial Standards Bodies
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY
https://thediplomat.com/2018/09/comcasa-another-step-forward-for-the-united-states-and-india/
https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/pdf_2010_05/20100517_100517_expertsreport.pdf
https://ubiquity.acm.org/article.cfm?id=1071915
https://www.internetsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Strategy-2025-and-Action-Plan-2020-Development-Process-March-2019.pdf
WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS
Read and analyze the US STEM education strategic plan(linked again here in the speaker notes)
Write a 2-3 page APA formatted paper that addresses the following questions:
Is the strategy properly resourced?
What evidence of nested strategies and plans can you find?
What gaps or areas for improvement can you identify?
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY
https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/STEM-Education-Strategic-Plan-2018.pdf
CONCLUSION
Publicly released strategies give subordinate agencies a direction to go, something they can use to craft action plans
Strategies without supporting plans and resources are pointless
WE ARE NOT DISCUSSING CORPORATE STRATEGY
6
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·
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· Research article
· Open Access
·
Medication administration error reporting and associated factors among nurses working at the University of Gondar referral hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2015
· ,
· ,
· &
·
volume 15, Article number: 43 (2016)
· 5798 Accesses
· 4 Citations
· 1 Altmetric
·
Abstract
Background
Medication administration is the final step/phase of medication process in which its error directly affects the patient health. Due to the central role of nurses in medication administration, whether they are the source of an error, a contributor, or an observer they have the profe.
Similar to Running head Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental Pra.docx (20)
Running head PHD IT 1PHD IT 5Written Interview Qu.docxtodd581
Running head: PHD IT 1
PHD IT 5
Written Interview Questions: PhD IT
Student’s name
Professor’s name
Course title
Date
Phd IT
Q 1: Information technology research interests, importance, and inspiration
Information technology must not be underestimated. Organizations now recognize information technology as a first mover advantage over the competitors. The increased desire for smart cities, sophisticated robotics, and now that the society is in the information age requires technology wizards to help in the transition. Notably, increased cyber attacks reports need more research. I am interested in finding out the emerging threats and safety precautions to lend a hand in reducing losses as a result the threats. The other is data breaching. The wide embrace of electronic commerce and storage of information electronically has led to the breach of sensitive information. Studying information technology in-depth will grant insights on how to govern information. Big data is common today. I would wish to know about the analytics of big data and its applications to make sound decisions. Risk is a fact. Knowledge on enterprise risk management is essential for the management of risks. Information technology varieties reflect the need to research about the technologies for a global world. Data is becoming more complex, calling for data science knowledge.
Q 2: Reasons for selecting PhD in information technology including University of the Cumberlands
Now that the world is driven by information technology is a sign of growth. To a student, this implies increased job opportunities which is a plus if one has a doctorate degree. A doctorate person can fit in careers that require high technology such as information technology consultant, strategist, architect, director, and chief information officer over a master’s person. A PhD will therefore, grant me the theories and strategies important to become a leader in technology management. University of the Cumberlands was chosen because it has been certified by the National Security Agency as well as Homeland Security as a center of excellence in the prevention of cyber threats (University of the Cumberlands, 2018). The university also offers the chance to study online and takes into account the student’s schedule to have time for work and home.
Q 3: Strengths verses weaknesses including impacts
More research is expected of a PhD student. The ability to research and write well will be beneficial in delivering the needed content. A thinker is also required to present substantive knowledge. Sacrifice in terms of time and effort is a must to graduate within the allocated duration. I am well-prepared to pursue this study because of the focus that I have. Additionally, I have shared about my interests and goals with my mentor therefore, assured that I am in the correct field. The selected mentor is knowledgeable about information technology and will get to this person when faced by any challenge. I a.
Running head PERSONALITY INVENTORIES1PERSONALITY INVENTORIE.docxtodd581
Running head: PERSONALITY INVENTORIES 1
PERSONALITY INVENTORIES 9
Personality Inventories as Evidence of Personality
Matthew M. Rosario
University of the Rookies
May 15, 2018
Abstract
It can be difficult to understand law in relations to psychology and the way behavior can be explained in a more practical application. Unfortunately, the advancement of psychology and the perception of law are at a constant struggle with each other because law is specific and psychology is changing. Understanding how juror verdict come to be not from a lawyer standpoint by a psychological one can be beneficial as far a juror selection. Juror selection is the most important part during pre-trial services. Being able to use science to investigate juror personality in regards to personality evidence can create a new theory in psychology and law once the research begins and the length and understanding of the topic is better. This paper will outline information of my research topic.
Personality Inventories as Evidence of Personality
It can be difficult to understand law in relations to psychology and the way behavior can be explained in a more practical application. Unfortunately, the advancement of psychology and the perception of law are at a constant struggle with each other because law is specific and psychology is changing. Law does not change in theory, but psychology does which enhances psychological understanding of the world. Being able to identify juror in favor of a particlar postion during “Voir Dire” can be beneficial during legal preceedings. Voir dire is the ability to rehabilitate the jury by allowing the judge and attorney to observe and ask questions to eliminate bias jurors before selecting the final 12 jurors who will preside over the case (Erik, Marek, 2016). Unfortunately, this method can be used in order to evaluate which juror would be most benefical for a particlar lawyer during a trial. In other words, lawyers have the ability to munapluate the selction process in order to gain juror in their favor. According to Schuller, Erentzen, Vo, and Li (2015) it is the right for one to be tried by an impartial and independent jury from one’s peers, but this can be difficult when peers can be prejudice or possibly chosen by attorneys to benefit their position. At this time there is mininal psychological assessement being conducted in order to understand the jurors position outside of their biases. Because this is a new topic emerging in studies, more research needs to be conducted in order to understand the bases of trial science and the annotation of using trial consultant to create mock trials for juror selection for their advantage. Due to trial science being a new specialty this lead to the research topic can personality inventories indicate a juror verdict during trial? Many researchers concluded that juror background demographic information, education and personality could influence a juror verdict, but did not con.
Running head: PHASE 2 1
PHASE 1 16
GenY Xploit Implementation Plan
Ken Wiechert
Robert Varela
Lakisha Trammel
Grand Canyon University: ENT-435
06/9/2019
GenY Xploit Implementation Plan
Innovation is a team activity that involves the intersection of different fields, bringing together diverse ideas, abilities, and/or methods that result in a physical product, a process, or a service that impacts society in a timely manner (National Academy of Engineering, 2015). It is imperative to influence innovation in an organization to stay in existence with other competitors. Before Team B can embrace the final phase of implementing a plan that will captivate the audience buy-in power there are two other phases that need to take place. Phase 1 has already been established and that is to purpose several innovative ideas to nominate for our new product along with a description of the models used to circulate an extensive evaluation of each product. Team B evaluated several innovation ideas mainly using the NOMMAR model which evaluated the customer needs, technology options, potential market, business model, realistic approach, and the relevancy (Miller Competition Series, n.d.). Phase 2 will finalize the name of a product, provide a description of the GenY Xploit gaming console, what value will it provide to our customer needs, utilizing the NOMMAR model a detailed implementation plane that that will include contingency, risks, budget, time frame, target market and visuals to increase readability and professional exploits.
GenY Xploit Gaming Console
Team B unanimously nominated the GenY Xploit gaming console for our new product. Introducing the new GenY Xploit gaming console into the market arena will give gamers a whole new jolt of gaming experience. The gaming console will introduce a unique design of software compatibility that will allow gamers to perform cross-platform gaming to compete with each other online no matter what gaming console they are using.
According to Karlsson, & Nystrom (2003), “The introduction of a new product on the market can basically be made in two different ways. A product can be either totally new to the market or it can be the result of a major change in an existing product” (p 136). The Gen Y Xploit is totally a new gaming console product that has the potential to revolutionize the gaming industry all over the world. Team B is excited and ready to establish this new gaming console to the gaming community world which we feel is hungry and ready for a new gaming console to take center stage. If that is not enough, we are confident that GenY Xploit will fulfill all their desires and needs for centuries to come. Presently, the latest marketing model for the gaming industry consists between two competitors, Microsoft Xbox One X and the Sony PlayStation 4 (PS4), even though the Nintendo Switch is a gaming system they are not equally comparable. It is time to beef up the competit.
Running head PERSONAL MISSION STATEMENT1PERSONAL MISSION ST.docxtodd581
Running head: PERSONAL MISSION STATEMENT
1
PERSONAL MISSION STATEMENT
4
Personal Mission Statement
Name
PSY/699
Instructor name
date
Personal Mission Statement
To begin with, I have set my eyes on becoming a social worker. Further, through my involvement in the realm of social work, I hope to help as many individuals as I can. For a long a time, I have exhibited immense passion and the need to come to the assistance of individuals who are grappling with a vast array of unsavory circumstances. My passion is as a result of my experiences of the suffering of many people whom I have interacted with throughout my life. Notably, the majority of these people had to contend with abuse and neglect for a long time. Moreover, my need is as a result of my comprehension of the fact that transforming the globe commences with the assistance of a just a single individual and having the ability to empathize with individuals. Having witnessed so much suffering throughout my life, I feel that it is right for me to do whatever I can to bring smiles to faces of individuals who have faced diverse challenging situations in their life. In this way, I believe that I will be able to bring much-needed positive contributions to my preferred profession.
Further, I bring various positive and unique qualities to social work, the most prominent of which include empathy, active listening, and persuasion. Firstly, empathy relates to the capability of an individual to identify with the situation in which another individual is. Undoubtedly, empathy is immensely critical in the realm of social work owing to the fact that it aids those partaking in the field to not only comprehend but also assist others in ascertaining solutions to their problems. Apart from this, active listening is equally critical in social work because it helps in establishing trust, opening doors, and coming to the discovery of important details regarding the people seeking the assistance of social workers. In this way, their unique circumstances can be understood. Additionally, the value of persuasion cannot be stressed enough, as it aids in influencing, coaxing, or inviting individuals to take action, for instance, when it comes to the transformation of client behavior.
With respect to how I see my role in the profession evolving through time, I hope that I will start working as a child welfare social worker in a hospital. I intend to offer services to children who are grappling with abuse and neglect owing to the actions of their parents. On top of this, I intend to assist children coming from families that do not earn enough income. In addition, I hope that I will become a hospital manager of child welfare five years after starting my practice of social work. Following the attainment of two to three years’ experience as child welfare social worker, on top of undergoing additional management training, I hope that I will be able to land the position. In addition, I intend to start a non-profit communit.
Running head PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENTPERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT.docxtodd581
Running head: PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT 6
Personality development
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Introduction
The purpose of this paper is to explain the concepts and theories of personality development. People tend to think widely about personality at the workplace, in schools, and in other social events. People place immediate focus on the personality and make judgments about shyness, helpful people. (Davis & Panksepp 2018) Personality makes each individual the way they are. Researchers in psychology and other fields have overtime in history researched how the personality of individuals developed. The development of personality refers to the organization of human behavior patterns, which brings uniqueness amongst various individuals. Many factors can result in personality changes such as the genetic factors, the environment one is living, styles of parenting, and other very important variables. The development of personality allows individuals to adopt an impressive personality and makes one be unique. Various psychologists have developed various theories that explain the development of human personality. Some of the theories of personality development include the psychodynamic theory, neural biological theory, the traits theory, and cognitive theory. (Rohsenow & Pinkston-Camp 2016)
Psychodynamic theory
The development of personality takes place through a certain series of stages. Each of these stages has unique conflict features in psychology. The development of human personality is developed from a number of components of the human mind. Feud believed that the three components include the id, the ego, and the superego. The id is concerned with the question "want to do that now," it is characterized by the gratification of certain basic needs and has an aspect of urgency. The superego places focus on some essential rules and morals in society. This is closely related to the commonly referred to as the human conscience. The development happens as individuals grow from childhoods to adulthood. The ego is mainly rational and part of our inner personality. A number of psychologists have criticized the feuds ideas about personality development and have rather applied the effect that the child's environment and their culture affect the development of their personality. (Rohsenow & Pinkston-Camp 2016)Alfred explored and developed a very comprehensive theory of psychodynamic personality.
The psychologists focused on the strong drive, which compensates for inferiority feelings. He developed the idea of an inferiority complex which described a situation where an individual lacks their worth and perceive themselves below the standards of other people in the society. Erickson was another psychologist who was very instrumental in the development of psychological development theory. (Brandes 2019) He argued that the development of the human personality was based on t.
Running Head PERSONAL NURSING PHILOSOPHY 1PERSONAL NURSING P.docxtodd581
Running Head: PERSONAL NURSING PHILOSOPHY 1
PERSONAL NURSING PHILOSOPHY 2
Personal nursing philosophy
Student name
Professor
Course
Date of submission
This paper focuses more on nursing paradigms that are comprised of four key elements. These factors include persons/clients, health, environment, and nursing, where each is subjected to own theoretical connotation and has an essential role in enhancing and promoting healthcare. In this regard, the paper outlines and contrast approaches and is in line with these four approaches in efforts to attain modern health care. Various theories in this regard try to give a vivid description of the environment and critical role in healthcare. All the stakeholders are therefore supposed to collectively work together as one of attaining a competitive advantage, healthcare and create a conducive work plan that total defense potential alignment of healthcare. This theory creates a personal definition that applies to the scenario in an exemplifying the applicability in the nursing processes (Warren W. Tryon, 2019).
In my analysis and interpretation, Person metaparadigm focuses more on recipient care and the patient. This facet extends and encompasses factors such as culture, personal spiritual aspects, family friends, and the associate economic status. This fact has been proved by a research hat outlined that the current world view of nursing has existentialism and humanism transcendence, which are based on their own interpretation and perception. The nature of intensive care that is acceded to a patient in some cases is based on the personal attribute and predetermined forces that surround one self. The third part is always crucial in attaining healthcare through could and proviso of essential secondary services that help in the healing processes. This is a closely associated environment metaparadigm; it deals with both external and external factors that relate to competent and reliable patient care. Some of the factors that are defined in this phase include interacting with patients, which changes the cognitive perspective of the subject. Visitors, as well as surrounding, are vital factors that can be used to determine and offer the best services to a patient (Saul McLeod,, 2015).
Am sure that nurse and the integrated practices of theories have established s scope and level of abstraction that has developed a proper framework through the nursing situation. Through capacity building a convinced that nurse intervention is the road map of attaining all phenomena and goals of universal healthcare. In this case, the use of cognitive theory appliance is predominating, arguing that intellectual structure and processes must be followed. The nurse must, therefore, attain a high degree of competency through the use of one's thought, interpretation of the environment, and correct assumption. In my opinion, this is the most critical aspect that requires professional input to attain effective, effi.
Running Head PHILOSOPHICAL WORLDVIEW1PHILOSOPHICAL WORLDVIEW.docxtodd581
Running Head: PHILOSOPHICAL WORLDVIEW 1
PHILOSOPHICAL WORLDVIEW 2
Philosophical Worldview
Kathy Greggs
Liberty University
05/27/2020
1. Which philosophical worldview most closely aligns with your perspective and the way that you view problems in the world? How so?
The approach in which we view greatly affects the approach in which we take for research purposes. I did not have that idea until I read the philosophical worldview and gained a detailed comprehension of that it involves. From this knowledge, I have found out that from the four philosophical worldview one that closely aligns with my perspective and my view of problems in the world is the pragmatic technique. This is because my approach of viewing and handling issues is based on the experience of the vice theory. Based on pragmatic view, reality exist as physical realities, psychological and social realities that involve subjective experience and perception, language, and culture. Knowledge is based on reality of the world and our experiences (Petersen, & Gencel, 2013).
2. How does understanding the connection between philosophical worldview and research methodology assist in your research approach?
The capability to associate philosophical world views to various research methodologies is essential to me. It aids in making it easier to focus on main issue of research thus making the right decision on the type of data collection methods to be used and the type of data analysis to be used. It is essential to note that the connection between the philosophical worldview and the research approach available since it will aid in defining if I implement the quantitative method or the qualitative approach. Based on the research carried out by Robson and McCarran (2016), the quantitative approach is basically focuses on the natural sciences and numerical data; as the qualitative approach is based majorly on non-numerical data and believed to be better suited for social research on individuals. Nevertheless, as pragmatist both approaches could be implemented based on my perspective or basic consensus.
3. Compare/contrast research philosophical worldview with that of a Christian worldview. Are there any areas that are problematic, or do most philosophical worldviews appear to be congruent with a Christian worldview?
A world view is a way in which we comprehend life and the world as well as the reality. The Christian worldview is a great conceptualization of the world based on a Christian view. Based on the philosophical worldviews, positivism according to me of the only one that is problematic to a Christian word view since it disclaims invisible theoretical concepts (Robson & McCarran, 2016). Post-positivism is a new worldview that tends to replace positivism and it is in line to the Christian worldview since it takes into consideration the uncertainties that positivism rejects. The other approaches are inline to the Christian world view since they are more open to the social n.
Running Head PHIL WORKSHOP1PHIL WORKSHOP 2.docxtodd581
Running Head: PHIL WORKSHOP 1
PHIL WORKSHOP 2
Phil Workshop
Name:
Institutional Affiliation:
Phil Workshop
One
According to Kant’s theory, the wrongness or rightness of actions do not rely on their outcomes but on if they tend to fulfill our responsibilities. Kant believed that there has to be a supreme guideline when it comes to morality which he mentioned to be the categorical imperative. Kant mentioned that when looking at categorical imperative, he believed that whether actions are wrong or right relies not on their consequences although on if an individual fulfils their duties (Bowie, 2002). In the philosophy according to Kant, there are diverse aspects that we learn up to date. These include: ethics, utilitarianism, among others (Winch, 2015). The limitations of this aspect are however somewhat severe. According to research, most philosophers tend to know much about several topics although they do not have any tangible mastery of a particular subject in a thorough way (Hossieni, et.al, 2016).
Both Aristotle and Kant argued that an action was classified to be moral it got to be partaken with a moral result in mind. Aristotle breaks with Kant and believes that there are not such things as the Forms or Eidos which are permanent and eternal and real. Whatever feelings one is subjected to, determines how they develop. It is better that we understand the definition of personifications.
Two
FGM, that is, female genital mutilation is a concept which denotes all the processes that involve total or partial removal of parts of the exterior female genitalia or maybe causing other injuries to the organs for non-medical or cultural reasons. According to a report by the World Health Organization on 31st January, 2018, FGM has no health benefits for women and girls. In addition, it is a violation of the women’ and girls’ violation (Reisel & Creighton, 2015). When it comes to the morals and ethical aspects of FGM, there ought to be a reasoned public dialogue regarding how well to get rid of harmful aspects of the mutilation of female genitals via laws, policies and education.
Also, debate is supposed to get encouraged in diverse academies dealing with bioethics on how medical specialists could fulfil both their moral and ethical duties in the acknowledgement of the religious traditions when it comes to their patients. Goodness is whatever promotes the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. This is because not all actions are morally acceptable despite the positive consequences attained. John Mill explained that the greatest happiness is the pleasure and lack of pain. Happiness is the end desirable thing that either brings pleasure or is a means of pleasure. In that case, FGM is clearly an unethical issue.
When looking at ethical relativism, the theory tends to hold a morality which is relative towards the norms of an individual’s culture. That is, if an action is wrong or right relies upon the moral norms of the c.
Running head PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION-EXISTENCE OF GOD .docxtodd581
Running head: PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION-EXISTENCE OF GOD 1
PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION-EXISTENCE OF GOD 2
Student's name: Emmanuel Domenech
Professor's name: Dr. Tina Wood
Topic: Stage 1: Choosing your Philosophical Question
Institution: University of Maryland University College
Date: April 14, 2019
Final Project Stage 1: Choosing your Philosophical Question
Week Four: Philosopher: Thomas Aquinas, Primary Text: Summa Theologica, Part 1, Question 2, Article 1-3
Q1. Does God really exist?
I am highly interested in supporting the philosophy because it has been a debate that has existed for some millennium. God has been the cause of conflict and the reason for peace in some parts of the world. People who find a reason not to believe in him have always been secluded from the rest. Also, those who trust in him have been seen as hypocrites since their mistakes judge them. This is a philosophy that is interesting since it brings about the relationship between socioeconomic and political aspects of human beings in relation to the influence of a supernatural being. I would like to know that God exists in our world and this starts with the materials presented by the Philosophy of Aquinas. I would not want to choose a side and sound bias, but I would like to use facts to present my findings.
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RUNNING HEAD PERSONAL BRANDING ACTION PLANPERSONAL BRANDING ACT.docxtodd581
RUNNING HEAD: PERSONAL BRANDING ACTION PLAN
PERSONAL BRANDING ACTION PLAN 2
PERSONAL BRANDING ACTION PLAN
NAME
MAY 2019
I) Keywords that best describe myself
a) Strategist
b) Motivator
c) Fitness Consultant
d) Talent enabler
II) Passions and Values
a) Passions
i) Community Service
ii) Healthy and mental fitness living
iii) Mentorship
b) Values
i) Commitment
ii) Integrity
iii) Resilience
III) Value Proposition
I am a servant to my clients. I am entrusted with a task that is vital in personality development. It is paramount that my deeds and speech emulate my training. I am open to criticism and take up challenges easily. This position carries a responsibility to be a custodian of values as well as instill them to those I rub off shoulders with.
IV) Personal Branding/Networking Goals
Develop a blog and post tips twice a week.
Attend organized empowerment talks and apply to become one of the speakers.
Engage in online forums and social media chat rooms.
V) Elevator Pitch
Did you know it takes the average person just two seconds to look at a company logo and decide if they like it? Being a personal trainer, I can tell you for a fact that people judge you as fast as they would with a logo. I am interested in building inter-personal skills as well as maintaining one’s mental fitness. My passion is coming up with unique ways to help my clients express themselves by what they say, do and wear. I would be thrilled to help you achieve your personal goals.
References
How to Give an Elevator Pitch (With Examples). (n.d.). Retrieved from Indeed Career Guide: https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/interviewing/how-to-give-an-elevator-pitch-examples
The Definitive Guide to Personal Branding. (n.d.). Retrieved from Brand Yourself: https://brandyourself.com/definitive-guide-to-personal-branding
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Running head PERFORMANCE1PERFORMANCE2Case Scena.docxtodd581
Running head: PERFORMANCE 1
PERFORMANCE 2
Case Scenario
Case Scenario
The most striking point in this scenario is that the union’s collective bargaining covenant has “decoupled compensation from performance” (Hale, 2007). This means that the worker performance cannot be incentivized through benefits and compensation. This results to the assumption that without anything to gain it would be meaningless to appraise the performance of the workers. Besides, even from the union’s perspective, having performance metrics in hand, especially if they are trending up, can only strengthen their position at the next negotiation of the collective bargaining agreement.
However, it is also clear that the HR director erred in deciding to evaluate the effectiveness of the performance appraisal process by indexing that supposed effectiveness to the number of managers who adopted the process. That metric is useful only if the frequency of adoption is a proxy for gains in performance, a line of reasoning in need of clarification and exposition. One way for the HR director to flesh this out would be to obtain an understanding of why some managers were adopting the new performance appraisal process and why some were not. If the municipality’s managers are in fact concerned with the performance of their units, the survey would presumably point to ways the managers think the new process helps or does not help them get a handle on the productivity of their employees. The advantage of this would be that the survey would provide invaluable feedback, with which the performance appraisal process could be tweaked to address the concerns of the non-adopters and build upon the positives as seen by the adopters. The takeaway is that it is not entirely correct to assert that “the number of managers using the form has no bearing on productivity” (Hale, 2007) – the number of managers adopting the new process could serve to evaluate the process’ effectiveness, but only with some auxiliary development.
As Hale points out, the most straightforward metric for determining the value of the new appraisal process would be to measure “whether performance had improved” (Hale, 202). But, perhaps just as clearly, there seems to be something wrong with the reasoning implicit in that response. It seems shortsighted to apply the broad desideratum of improved performance to the seemingly more fundamental prerequisite initiative of becoming better able to measure performance (Hale, 2007).
Assuming many additional criteria are required to evaluate the value of the HR director’s new appraisal process. Given that the ‘industry’ in question is a municipality, relevant productivity and people performance metrics are to be found in, for example, time-at-task, attainment of objectives, and rework. For example, if the municipality receives a call about a broken water line, the time-at-task involved in repairs, the successful repair, any need for rework, plus response time, all repr.
Running Head PERTINENT HEALTHCARE ISSUE1PERTINENT HEALTHCAR.docxtodd581
Running Head: PERTINENT HEALTHCARE ISSUE 1
PERTINENT HEALTHCARE ISSUE 2
Analysis of Pertinent Healthcare Issue
Students Name:
Institutional Affiliation:
Impact of increasing cost in a health organization
Introduction
The cost of receiving healthcare service is becoming a serious national healthcare concern. It has been established that the United States spend more on healthcare, in relation to the national income than any other industrialized nation. However, achieving minimum cost means having to make certain hard compromises which have never been easy. For example, low expenditure on research and development, limitation in terms of the choices of health coverage or healthcare providers and having to wait for long before using new technologies. The health system has gone through a series of transformational changes that has seen the cost of healthcare provision sky-rocket. The most affected are among the 41 million uninsured Americans who are unable to cater for the cost of insurance as well as the underinsured whose coverage program cannot cater for their overall health needs. The major catalyst behind the rising cost of healthcare has been; the rising number of aging population that take great benefit from the technologies created for lengthening life span, lifestyle choices like adoption of sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy eating habits resulting to obesity and cardiovascular disorders among others.
Cost impact on health organization.
Increasing cost has impacted the national health organization/system in so many ways. The impacts are not only experienced by the patients but the providers, employers, payers (insurance bodies) and even other employees within the health organization. Firstly, an array of transformational changes has been made i.e. payment transformation where a shift has been made from volume-based (fee-for service payment) which has high cost implications to value-based models and also the development of primary care in attempt to counter increasing cost. The turnover of healthcare providers has also faced a fair share of cost impact. The providers burdened by the feeling of denying patients services due to inability to cater for cost or lack of insurance loses meaning of services and morale to continue with the service. Consequently, advancement in training and education improve the providers’ patient service and more enhanced application of Evidence-Based practice appears costly and unaffiliated hence promoting low morale. Morbidity and mortality cases has been on the rise. Advanced technology used in diagnosis/treatment of serious medical conditions has become expensive and some of them are not covered by the insurance (core payments) hence late interventions taken after serious damage. The is also an indication of lowered patient engagement as far healthcare decision making is concerned since patients with financial challenge have limited options and are sometimes forced to comply with the physici.
Running head PayneABUS738001PayneABUS738001.docxtodd581
Running head: PayneABUS738001
PayneABUS738001
Human Resource Management and Employee Turnover
BUS-7380 Qualitative Business Research Design and Methodology
Week 1
Amenia Payne
Dr. Lawrence Ness
May 17, 2020
Introduction to Problem
How an organization along with its performance is affected by human resource management (HRM) policies that play an important role in the organization for performance and growth of employees and organization is a widely discussed topic (Boudreau 1991; Jones& Wright, 1992; Kleiner 1990). Different sources contend that work rehearses that advance superior, for example, exhaustive representative enrollment and choice methods, motivator pay, and execution the executives frameworks, and broad worker inclusion and preparing, will in general upgrade the capacities of a company's present and future representative's information, aptitudes, inspiration, just as the maintenance of value workers (Jones and Wright, 1992; U.S. Division of Labor, 1993). The human asset strategies of the association will be in general assistance +7. The year 2006 was the year when HR managers noticed that were approximately 46% and considered employee turnover their top post priority in workforce and organization and that took the peak from 2012 that was 25% in that year.
Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) explained that it has different causes for lessening employee turnover ought to be imperative for any association that involves (1) employee turnover can turn out to be exorbitant rapidly, (2) undesirable turnover influences the presentation of any association, (3) as the accessibility of talented representatives diminishes, it will turn out to be progressively hard to hold looked for after workers. According to a study, it was analyzed that employee turnover can be too costly that annually it can shoot up to 200% of annual salaries that is a great loss for organizations caused mainly due to turnover. Now with these staggering figures, it is very difficult for organizations today to fully understand the concept of employee retention and turnover and how to decrease the overall process and how to handle turnover (Mayhew, 2019). Similarly, trained employees and loyal workforce of the organization get replaced with new employees that take additional time to get trained hence organizations face a loss of time along with loss of resources and money (Iqbal, 2010). Employee turnover should only be done when it is essential for any organization to replace existing employees with new talent and that will only be done when organizations know that this turnover will give benefit and growth to the organization (Meyer, 2011). Employee turnover has termed as a risky choice as it involves the major risks in any organization for current and future project implications by human resource management (Iqbal, 2010).
An organization’s business strategic plans for execution should be contingent on current and potential employees. Throu.
Running head NURSING RESEARCH 1NURSING RESEARCH 7.docxtodd581
Running head: NURSING RESEARCH 1
NURSING RESEARCH 7
Nursing Research
Student's Name
Institutional Affiliation
Nursing research
Obesity and Weight Management Programs
Introduction to the Problem
The problem under investigation in this research is the issue of obesity and weight management. This topic was selected because it the issues is affecting many people today around the world and most significantly in the United States. Thousands of people worldwide are dying from obesity and overweight related illnesses such as diabetes, cancer, high blood pressure among many others (Obesity & weight control: Health risks, weight loss & bariatric surgery, n.d.). Therefore, it has a huge impact on the healthcare system since it has increased the problems that healthcare professionals and facilities are facing. Hospitals are now congested mainly due to diet related illnesses, obesity being at the top of the list, which causes short staffing due to the increasing patients numbers relative to providers’ numbers. The providers, especially nurses, may then suffer from burnout and thus affecting the quality of care that they provide. Several weight management programs have then been created in order to tackle the serious problem of obesity. Therefore, conducting a proper research on obesity and weight management programs is very crucial since it will help in providing in-depth understanding of the whole issue and thus useful in developing and implementing ways that can curb the problem by proper implementation of these programs. This will improve the conditions of healthcare facilities and eventually the quality of care provided.
The Problem
The problem is obesity and weight management programs. Obesity is a medical condition that occurs when an individual has excess body fat or weight that might have some significant effect on his or her health (Hu, 2008). On the other hand, weight management is the process of embracing long-term lifestyle modification to keep a healthy body weight on depending on the age, gender, and height of an individual. They include methods such as eating heathy food and increasing the levels of physical activity. Weight management programs are then the initiatives that are created in controlling the weight of individuals in order to control such conditions as obesity. Managing one’s weight through these programs is very important part of their health because they avoid being overweight and obese to reduce the risks of medical conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure and stroke. The intake of diet considered unhealthy, lack of physical exercise and practicing unhealthy lifestyles such as too much intake of alcohol, smoking may lead to increase in weight, and thus a person is considered overweight. This is when the body contains too much body fat above the required amount. Obesity then occurs after being overweight when the calorie intake of a person goes higher than the amount of energy that .
Running head PERCEIVED BENEFITS AND BARRIES ON MMR VACCINE 1 .docxtodd581
Running head: PERCEIVED BENEFITS AND BARRIES ON MMR VACCINE 1
Perceived Benefits and Barriers about the MMR Vaccine among the Parents of a Pediatric
Population in South Florida
Florida International University
PERCEIVED BENEFITS AND BARRIES ON MMR VACCINE 2
Background
According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 1 in 4 people
in the United States will be hospitalized and one out of every 1,000 people with measles will
develop brain swelling that could lead to brain damage. Given the possible severity when
obtaining Measles, the CDC recommends to protect children against measles by obtaining a
vaccine that provides enduring insurance against all strains of measles (Measles, 2018). The
Measles, Mumps, and Rubella vaccine (MMR) is administered in two doses in order to prevent
an individual from obtaining one of those diseases. The first dose was given to children when
they are about 13 months old, which offers 90 to 95% protection against those diseases. The
second dose increases those protection odds to become 99%, which is administered before a
child turns five years old. In order for the vaccine to be immune in our system, we need to
achieve at least 95% of immunity to those diseases (Gardner, 2010).
Side effects of MMR vaccine
There is for all intents and purposes no medication without reactions. Gentle symptoms of MMR
vaccine include the following: fever, mild rash, and swelling of the glands in the cheeks or neck.
Moderate reactions include: febrile seizures, brief joint inflammation, and impermanent
thrombocytopenia. Serious side effects of MMR vaccine are amazingly uncommon, but can
include serious allergic responses. Other serious side effects are rare to the point that it is
difficult to recognize whether they are caused by the vaccine, which includes: deafness, long-
term seizures, coma, lowered consciousness, and lasting brain damage (Mahmić-Kaknjo, 2017).
PERCEIVED BENEFITS AND BARRIES ON MMR VACCINE 3
Barriers
Obtaining immunization has been viewed as one of the best general wellbeing accomplishments
of the twentieth century for their job in killing smallpox and controlling polio, measles, rubella,
and different irresistible ailments in the United States. Regardless of their adequacy in
forestalling and destroying illness, routine youth vaccine take-up remains problematic. Parent
refusal of immunizations has added to flare-ups of vaccine preventable infections, for example,
measles and pertussis (Maglione, 2014). Late episodes of measles in the United Kingdom and
United States have awoken reestablished worry about vaccination dismissal. The rate of
vaccination take-up has fallen. Individuals' view of vaccine protection and effectiveness has
appeared to be an imperative factor for immunization take-up that, in the meantime, can spread
between people (Medus, 2014).
Research has shown that guardians' frames of mind .
Running Head PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 1PATHOPHYSIOLOGY5.docxtodd581
Running Head: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 1
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5
Pathophysiology
Student name
School
Instructor
Date
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a joint inflammatory disorder that can, at times, extend the effects to other body organs like lungs and blood vessels; The condition complicates the body's immune system with the advancement of the symptoms( explain types of symptoms) and citation needed(>>>>>>>>) Patients suffering from RA are prune to severe conditions that may arise as the condition matures. patients have distinct symptoms expressed outwardly based on the level and stage of the inflammatory disorder, some of which are similar to those expressed by the patients in the case study. The condition is not hereditary or family born but thought to result from genetic risk factors such as…… (citation needed) The patient in the case study was aware that increased inflammatory could result in the highlighted symptoms and thus presented them to identify whether they were emanating from the condition or any other source of infection.
Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
A variety of gene pairs are associated with the RA condition as significant risk factors. The causative genes to the condition are suspended in the immune system function ( citation). Change in human Leukocyte antigen genes (HLA) in the significant contributor to Rheumatoid Arthritis ( citation needed). The genes, RLA-DRB1, are highly associated with triggering the Rheumatoid Arthritis condition. It is associated with the production f body proteins. The HLA proteins assist the immune system in distinguishing immune proteins and those proteins produced by body invaders like viruses (Soo P, n.d). Variation in other genes has a little impact on the condition ( citation needed).
Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.
Immunosuppression is a process that subdues the human immune system to individuals undergoing organ transplants or those with autoimmune conditions like Rheumatoid Arthritis(>>>>>>>>). The process involves administering drugs to ensure that the immune system does not repel the organs being transplanted (McCance & Huether, 2019). The physicians must first carry an examination of different body organs them makes a prescription to the patient. After the examination, a strict medical plan or therapy session is created, which patients should stickily follow. During the process, the doctor monitors the patients effectively on a close observation. Immunosuppression has different side effects in the body, some of which arise due to the drugs ( citation needed). The effects include; decrease in bony density, a decrease in muscle functioning, effect on the operation of muscle fiber, which reduces muscle protein production and cases of hyperglycemia and severe diabetes. The effects get controlled through regular exercise. This paragraph should lead to the 4th or next paragraph this p
Invasiv.
Running head PASTORAL COUNSELLING ON MENTAL HEALTH1PASTORAL .docxtodd581
Running head: PASTORAL COUNSELLING ON MENTAL HEALTH 1
PASTORAL COUNSELLING ON MENTAL HEALTH 36
Pastoral Counseling on Mental Health
Student’s Name
Course
Institutional Affiliation
Pastoral Counseling on Mental Health
Chapter 4 Results4.1 Introduction
In this chapter, the researcher is going to present the results and findings obtained from the research. The primary objective of the study was to find out the effects of pastoral counseling on mental health. The researcher conducted a research survey to obtain the relevant data that was required to achieve the research objective. The data collection tool that was used in this study was a survey questionnaire that contained a total of 21 questions. The design of the questionnaire was in line with the specific objectives of this study. This chapter will present the respondents' background information, and the findings obtained from the analysis in line with the research objectives.
4.2 Data Analysis
Descriptive statistics were used in the discussion of the findings of the research. The results were explained using percentages. The target respondents of the study were sampled using simple random sampling. However, the primary target sample was that of people who had experienced some form of mental health at a certain point in their lives. The primary criterion for sampling was that the individual participant must have attained the age of 18 years and above.
4.3 Response Rate
Herein the response rate is the total number of people who completed the survey correctly and met the requirements of the researcher. In this study, a total of 106 participants completed the study. Before the survey was conducted, the respondents were taken through the details of the survey before they could give consent or decline. The reason they were chosen to take part in the study was that they were members of the Deliverance Center for all Nations Church and that they were of 18 years and above.
Further, they were informed of the candidate undertaking the research. Additionally, the researcher told the respondents that the objective of the study was to find out whether the church members sought pastoral counseling as a remedy for addressing mental health issues and whether pastoral counseling had a positive impact on the organization. The respondents were made aware that there was no benefit whatsoever of taking part in the research, and it was voluntary. The potential risks that the respondents would experience in the study were made known to them, which were the same risks one would encounter in their daily lives. The participants were informed that the information they gave would be confidential, and no one else will access them apart from the researcher. Possible contacts were availed to the respondents in case they intended to contact a third party regarding the research.
Once the participants had been taken through the details, they were asked whether they were willing to proceed with the survey or .
Running head PART C MARKETING PLAN YOUR COMPANY NAME 111.docxtodd581
Running head: PART C: MARKETING PLAN YOUR COMPANY NAME 1
11
PART C: MARKETING PLAN 2
Part C: ABC Marketing Plan (Change to your name of business here)
Your Name
MKT500 Marketing Management
Strayer University
Dr. Lisa Amans
Date submitted
Introduction (note this is not bold)
Describe or list the feedback you received on Part B of your marketing plan. Do not just list the feedback. Explain how you will use the feedback to improve your plan.
Next, re-introduce your company you shared in Part A/B.
Lastly, review what you will share; pricing and distribution strategy; integrated marketing communications; plan, public relations, sales promotion, and personal selling plan; competitive analysis; online and direct marketing plan; and social responsibility/cause related marketing plan.Pricing and Distribution Strategy
Write an introduction here. Minimum of three sentences.
Develop the company’s pricing and distribution strategy. Suggestion, use elements from Discussion Week 7 to help you with this section.
Pricing Strategy
Text starts here (pricing strategy should be in comparison to your competition – example, do you plan to do a penetration or skim strategy? Relate this to your readings and learnings from textbook, page 180-183).
Distribution Strategy
Text starts here (discuss how customers will buy, are you multi-channel? Omnichannel? What is your logistics and supply chain management strategy (i.e., who are your vendors and how will you interact with them, will you use wholesalers, will you have dealers/retailers)? Do not confuse the way you market to a customer as a distribution channel. Distribution is how a customer will buy, i.e., the path to purchase; it is not advertising. Distribution strategy is your route to market. Are you online, brick-and-mortar, reselling to retailers, using wholesalers, what is your supply chain management, vendors?Integrated Marketing Communications
Write an introduction here. Minimum of three sentences.
Develop the integrated marketing communications plan most relevant for your product / service and audience. This section has many points, be thorough.
Message Strategy
Develop your message strategy. How do you plan to be consistent with your traditional and social media choices?
Media Strategy
Develop your media strategy. What are your media choices and how will you use them. What is your rationale for your choices and why are they relevant to your target market. Public Relations, Sales Promotion, and Personal Selling Plan
Write an introduction here. Minimum of three sentences.
Develop your public relations, sales promotion, and personal selling plan most relevant for your product / service and audience. Introduction of this section here; minimum three sentences.
Public Relations Plan
Text here. Think about how you can use press releases on new product introductions or news to share with the public.
Sales Promotion Plan
Text here. Most familiar uses of sales promotions are couponin.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
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The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
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Running head Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental Pra.docx
1. Running head: Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental
Practice: Are There Enough
Guidelines? An Evaluative Study on The Existing System in a
Dental College of Riyadh 1
Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental Practice: Are
There Enough Guidelines? An
Evaluative Study on The Existing System in a Dental College of
Riyadh
Introduction
While it is essential to the practice of healthcare professionals
to concern about patient
safety, it is relatively current that it has been transformed into a
specific body of knowledge and
therefore patient safety may be considered as a relatively
‘innovative’ discipline. Its core ideas
are to prevent the occurrence of avoidable adverse events
(errors, complications and accidents)
accompanying the practice of healthcare and to reduce the
impact of unavoidable adverse events.
This is a simple definition for the multifaceted, complexed
nature and many key elements in the
2. practice of patient safety. There are economic, financial, social,
cultural and organizational
matters of a patient safety environment that makes it unpractical
to simply define it as the
practicing safe health care or protecting patients from harm by
health care professionals. It is
essential for all health care professionals and health care
organizations to become more
acquainted with the overall framework of patient safety, to
dynamically contribute in hard work
to apply patient safety procedures in everyday practice and to
create a culture of patient safety
culture (Yamalik & Perea Pérez, 2012).
There is a constant concern and interest in dentistry for matters
related to patients and
practicing safe and quality care in the everyday dental practice.
Yet, like other health
professions, more attention is given to patient related matters
and safety-related matters
(Yamalik & Dijk, 2013).
Furthermore, there is an emerging professional consideration of
risk management, patient
safety and handling errors. Rather than hiding them, errors are
3. now understood as learning
material and by that, the number of publications on dental errors
are increasing. As an example,
Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental Practice: Are
There Enough Guidelines? An
Evaluative Study on The Existing System in a Dental College of
Riyadh 2
prescribing errors in dental practice is a potential ground for
development in the medication
management process and patient safety (Yamalik & Dijk, 2013).
An empirical data on the attitudes of dental professionals and
dental auxiliaries about the
reporting of medical errors was collected in Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia by Al-Nomay et al., (2017),
most respondents (94.4% of them) expressed that medical errors
should be reported. Yet, insights
of the norm, personal preferences and existing practices
regarding which type of error should be
reported were inconsistent. Only 17.9% of respondents
perceived that reporting errors that results
in major harm is the present practice. More than 68% of the
participants disclosed a personal
4. belief, a perception of the norm and a present practice that
errors must be reported by the erring
dentist. Respondents at government establishments were more
likely to report errors than those at
private establishments (Al-Nomay et al., 2017).
The Problem
Dentists are now practicing more surgical procedures in their
dental setting, the
possibility of experiencing litigation from malpractice has
significantly increased. Having good
skills and techniques are not sufficient enough; dental
professionals must dynamically and
thoroughly adhere to strategies of reducing risk to support the
minimizing or eliminating harm
and lawsuits. The dentist can avoid possible harm and lawsuits
by devoting better attention to
detail, by adhering to good practice, and managing patients’
expectations and outcomes in an
improved matter (Dym, 2012).
Dental professionals are at risk of being exposed to severe
implications on health from
occupational exposure to infections. It has been previously
acknowledged in several areas and
5. researches the matters of compliance with risk management
procedures, the effects of which can
be reduced by technical developments, employment of
guidelines in best practice and by
Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental Practice: Are
There Enough Guidelines? An
Evaluative Study on The Existing System in a Dental College of
Riyadh 3
regularly emphasizing policies of infection control locally with
training and awareness
campaigns (Westall & Dickinson, 2017).
A study done by Alhamad et al., (2015) in the Eastern Province
of Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia reporting the prevalence of medical emergencies in
dental clinics and self‑perceived
competence of dentists. Over 60% of the participants have
encountered medical emergencies at
least once. The most common medical emergency experienced
by the dentists is vasovagal
syncope by 53.1%, hypoglycemia 44.8% and foreign body
aspiration was reported by only 5.5%.
Over 74.3% of the respondents stated that they are supplied
with emergency kits in their clinics.
6. Around 33% of the dentists in the study were either lacking
confidence or lack the knowledge to
use emergency drugs (Alhamad et al., 2015).
Reducing the risk for medication error by improving dental
prescriptions quality and to
encourage the rational use of prescriptions, and patient safety.
One study reported that dental
extractions are shown to be related with a low but substantial
postoperative risk of sepsis,
particularly in senior patients and those with chronic systemic
diseases. In an investigation
regarding errors of radiographs with undergraduate students, it
was observed that 64.06% of the
images were acceptable, and 35.94% of the images were
unacceptable. Accordingly, it was
proposed that good training and knowledge of the distribution
of anatomical region and the types
of error can help prevent these errors and retaking of the
radiographic images. Reporting and
examining errors could significantly benefit in identifying the
core contributing factors (Yamalik
& Dijk, 2013).
Purpose of the Study
7. According to the mentioned literature, knowing and analyzing
the factors that cause
errors is critical in order to initiate changes which will prevent
the errors. It also critical to
Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental Practice: Are
There Enough Guidelines? An
Evaluative Study on The Existing System in a Dental College of
Riyadh 4
understand that single errors or events are usually the outcome
of the convergence of several
contributing factors. For that, preventing errors necessitates a
systemic approach to change the
conditions that lead to these errors (Yamalik & Dijk, 2013).
Like all healthcare professionals, it is also expected from dental
professionals to have an
improved knowledge, awareness and concern when it comes to
patient safety and risk
management, and that it is practiced in the daily dental care
delivery. Though, patient safety is
more widely recognized in healthcare organizations all over the
world, numerous health
professionals still do not effectively practice it. Moreover,
8. healthcare students are not widely
taught regarding the practice of patient safety and risk
management (Yamalik & Dijk, 2013).
Significance of The Study
The aims of this study are:
1. To improve awareness of the significant risk of errors during
the delivery of dental care
among dental professionals.
2. To provide data on the working practices and clinical
environment of dental clinics and how
they prevent errors from happening in the first place,
3. To focus on the problems with compliance to risk
management procedures in dental clinics,
4. To recognize and recommend possible methods and practices
to prevent occupational errors,
5. To recommend future studies to investigate the compliance
with risk management system
between dental professionals by studying their perspective.
Research Question
To analyze the perspectives of dental professionals on the
current practices of risk
management and patient safety guidelines in order to prevent
9. dental practice errors from
Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental Practice: Are
There Enough Guidelines? An
Evaluative Study on The Existing System in a Dental College of
Riyadh 5
happening. Evaluate the current guidelines applied in dental
facilities and assess its efficacy and
effectiveness in patient safety and risk management.
Methodology
The included population number in the government dental
college in Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia from faculty, clinicians, interns and fourth and fifth year
students are a total of 152. A
self‑administered questionnaire to110 randomly selected from
the included population to achieve
a confidence rate of 95% and a margin error of 5%. The
questionnaire is prepared and modified
under the supervision of an experienced faculty member.
The questionnaire has been pilot tested on a sample of 15
licensed dental professionals
practicing in government and private clinics in Riyadh to test
participants’ understanding of the
10. questions and prevent errors in its administration. The pilot
study was tested for validity using
Cronbach’s alpha validity test with a .9376 reliability score.
The study objectives will be
described prior to the questionnaire for the respondents to
comprehend and give an informed
consent. Licensed dental physicians, dental hygienist and dental
students in the fourth year and
above are included in this study. Dental students who have less
than a year of dental care
experience and dental assistants will be excluded from this
study.
The questionnaire will consist of six sections, first section will
cover questions on
demographics: The number of years in dental practice, dental
qualification and the field of
experience in dental practice (private, government or both), and
the academic qualifications of
the dental professional. The second sections will cover
questions on the participants general
knowledge in risk management and patient safety (Yamalik &
Dijk, 2013). Section three will list
errors associated with clinical documents, information and
referral of patients in the dental clinic,
11. questions will ask if there are risk management and patient
safety guidelines to prevent those
Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental Practice: Are
There Enough Guidelines? An
Evaluative Study on The Existing System in a Dental College of
Riyadh 6
errors from happening. Section four will list pharmacological
prescribing errors, questions will
ask if there are risk management and patient safety guidelines to
prevent those errors from
happening and the source of the guidelines. Section five will
list errors from surgical events,
questions will ask if there are risk management and patient
safety guidelines to prevent those
errors from happening and the source of the guidelines. Section
six will list probable accidents
(random events, unpredicted and unanticipated injury or harm to
the patient) in dental practice,
questions will ask if there are risk management and patient
safety guidelines to prevent those
errors from happening and the source of the guidelines
(Yamalik & Perea Pérez, 2012).
12. Statistical Software Package SPSS will be used to perform
statistical analyses. Frequencies and
proportions of diverse responses will be measured for
categorical variables.
Results
Appropriate statistical methods and tests will be used for
analysis of the results.
Discussion
The results obtained will be discussed considering the available
local and international
studies and review.
Conclusion and Recommendations
The conclusion and recommendations will be derived from the
results and discussion.
Patient Safety and Risk Management in Dental Practice: Are
There Enough Guidelines? An
Evaluative Study on The Existing System in a Dental College of
13. Riyadh 7
References
AlBaker, A. A., Al-Ruthia, Y. S. H., AlShehri, M., &
Alshuwairikh, S. (2017). The
characteristics and distribution of dentist workforce in Saudi
Arabia: A descriptive cross-
sectional study. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 25(8), 1208-
1216.
Alhamad, M., Alnahwi, T., Alshayeb, H., Alzayer, A.,
Aldawood, O., Almarzouq, A., & Nazir,
M. A. (2015). Medical emergencies encountered in dental
clinics: A study from the
Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Journal of family &
community medicine, 22(3), 175.
Al-Nomay, N. S., Ashi, A., Al-Hargan, A., Alshalhoub, A., &
Masuadi, E. (2017). Attitudes of
dental professional staff and auxiliaries in Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia, toward disclosure of
medical errors. The Saudi dental journal, 29(2), 59-65.
Dym, H. (2012). Risk management in the dental office. Dental
Clinics, 56(1), 113-120.
Westall, J. O., & Dickinson, C. (2017). Compliance with
occupational exposure risk
14. management procedures in a dental school setting. British
dental journal, 222(11), 859.
Yamalik, N., & Dijk, W. (2013). Analysis of the attitudes and
needs/demands of dental
practitioners in the field of patient safety and risk management.
International dental
journal, 63(6), 291-297.
Yamalik, N., & Perea Pérez, B. (2012). Patient safety and
dentistry: what do we need to know?
Fundamentals of patient safety, the safety culture and
implementation of patient safety
measures in dental practice. International dental journal, 62(4),
189-196.
SheetRespondent IDCollector IDCustom Data 1By answering
this questionnaire, you approve that your identity and the
identity of your organization will be kept anonymous and all
data collected from this study will be used for research and
developmental purposes only.NationalityDental
QualificationField of Dental ExperienceNumber of Years in
Clinical Dental PracticeWould you agree that more and more
emphasis is placed on the issue of ‘Patient Safety & Risk
Management’ within the health arena in recent years?Do you
agree that there is a need for dental practitioners to become
more familiar with and be more knowledgeable on the topic of
‘Patient Safety & Risk Management’?In your current practice,
do you have any documents or activities regarding patient safety
15. in dental practice?In your current practice, do you have any
documents or activities regarding risk management’ in dental
practice?Are you aware of any national laws/regulations in
Saudi Arabia regarding Risk Management’ in dental
practice?Are you aware of any national laws/regulations in
Saudi Arabia regarding ‘Patient Safety” in dental
practice?Would you agree that your current practice is able to
provide information and knowledge to dental practitioners
regarding ‘Patient Safety & Risk Management’?Would you
support a ‘Patient Safety Manual for Dental Practice’ developed
by your current practice?Is there a ‘Patient Safety Manual for
Dental Practice’ in your current practice?Which of the
following topics would you consider to be included in the
‘Patient Safety Manual for Dental Practice’? (select all that
apply)In your practice, have you encountered patient documents
with histories that lack essential data (clinical and allergic
background and updated information about medication)?In your
practice, have you encountered patient documents with
abbreviations (or bad handwriting) that lead to confusion on the
part of other professionals at the same center using the same
history?Have you ever failed to provide adequate information to
the patient about the procedure, its potential risks or
recommendations that must be followed to avoid
complications?Have you ever encountered inaccuracies in
patient referrals to other professionals that may lead them to
make mistakes?In your practice, have you encountered
difficulties in the indication of the drug (in relation to the type
of drug, dose or duration of treatment)?In your practice, have
you encountered allergic reactions that occur because of a lack
of adequate medical records?In your practice, have you
encountered drug interactions that occur because the prescribing
practitioner lacks the relevant pharmacological knowledge or
fails to update the list of drugs taken by the patient?In your
practice, have you treated patients who received duplication of
drugs? (as common with anti-inflammatories) because of a
lack of coordination among the various professionals
16. prescribing for the same patient.In your practice, have you
treated patients who received the wrong dose of drug? (as
common in children and in patients with alterations in the
metabolism or elimination of drugs).In your practice, have you
encountered errors in treatment planning due to lack of adequate
clinical records before treatment?In your practice, have you
encountered errors in the type of procedure performed
(motivated by incorrect patient identification or inadequate
clinical history)?In your practice, have you encountered errors
in the area of intervention (ex. wrong-site surgery) that occur as
a result of forgetfulness or the inappropriate interpretation of
records by the professional?In your practice, have you
encountered errors in preoperative prophylaxis in medically
compromised patients?In your practice, have you encountered
errors in the monitoring and control of operated patients (as no
postoperative instruction sheet or lack of post-surgical
control)?In your practice, have you encountered post-surgical
infections (detected late or inadequately treated)?In your
practice, have you ever had a patient fall (due to poorly
organized furniture, architectural barriers, slippery floors,
etc.)?In your practice, have you encountered heavy or sharp
instruments or apparatus fall on the patient?In your practice,
have you ever treated a patient that had accidental cuts and
burns during treatment?In your practice, have you ever treated a
patient that had ingested or inhaled small dental material?In
your practice, have you ever treated a patient that had suffered
eye damage during
treatment?ResponseResponseResponseResponseOpen-Ended
ResponseResponseResponseResponseResponseResponseRespons
eResponseResponseResponseDefinition of patient safety &
general informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careOthersResponseResponseResponseResponseResponseRespo
17. nseResponseResponseResponseResponseResponseResponseResp
onseResponseResponseResponseResponseResponseResponseRes
ponse10390561123221177729ApproveSaudiPostgraduateGovern
mental practice4YesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoDefinition of
patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs
and patient safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential
elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesY
esNo10390553772221177729ApproveNon-
SaudiPostgraduateBoth private and
governmental15YesYesYesYesNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeYesYesNo KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety &
general informationRisk managementInfection controlEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs
and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceYesYesNoYesYesNot sureNot
sureYesYesYesNoNoNoNot sureNot
sureYesNoNoNoNo10390484867221177729ApproveSaudiStude
nt (4th-5th year)Governmental
practice2NoYesNoYesNoNoYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential elements of
patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoN
oNo10390483953221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental practice3No KnowledgeYesYesYesNo
KnowledgeYesYesYesYesInfection controlTeam
workYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNot
sureNoNoNoNoNoNoNo10390468284221177729ApproveSaudiS
tudent (4th-5th year)Governmental
practice2YesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNo KnowledgeLegal
aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyEssential
18. elements of patient safety for ambulatory careYesNoNot
sureNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNot sureNot sureNot sureNoNot
sureNoNot sureNot
sureYesNo10385471518221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-
5th year)Governmental
practice2YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoRisk
managementInfection controlEthical aspects of patient
safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential elements of
patient safety for ambulatory careNot sureNoNoNot
sureYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo1038542270
0221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th year)Governmental
practice2YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesRisk
managementLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
No10385228520221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental practice1.5No KnowledgeYesYesNo
KnowledgeYesYesYesYesNo KnowledgeDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlEthical aspects of
patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential elements of
patient safety for ambulatory careYesYesNoNot
sureNoNoNoNoNoNot
sureNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNo10385136206221177729Appr
oveSaudiStudent (4th-5th year)Both private and
governmental1YesYesNo
KnowledgeYesNoNoYesYesYesDefinition of patient safety &
general informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlLearning from errorsEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
No10384935430221177729ApproveSaudiGraduateGovernmental
practice4YesYesNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesNo KnowledgeDefinition of
patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
19. importantRisk managementInfection controlLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNot sureYesNot sureNoYesNoNot
sureYesYesYesNot sureNoNot sureNot
sureNoNoNoNo10384672461221177729ApproveSaudiStudent
(4th-5th year)Governmental
practice5YesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesRisk managementLegal
aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care
and quality assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for
ambulatory
careNoNoNoYesYesYesNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoYesNoN
oYes10384643246221177729ApproveSaudiGraduateGovernmen
tal practice4YesYesNoYesNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeYesNo KnowledgeRisk managementLearning from
errorsDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careNot sureYesNot sureNoNot sureNoNot sureNot sureNot
sureNoYesNot sureNoNot
sureNoNoNoNoNoNo10384607931221177729ApproveSaudiStud
ent (4th-5th year)Governmental practice4YesYesNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNoNoYesYesNoRisk
managementInfection controlLearning from errorsEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs
and patient safetyEssential elements of patient safety for
ambulatory careNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNot
sureNoYesNoNoNoNo10384568816221177729ApproveNon-
SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental
practice20YesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNo
20. No10384461241221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental
practice2YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesInfection
controlLearning from errorsLegal aspects of patient
safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoN
oNoYesNo10384459702221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-
5th year)Governmental practice2YesYesNo KnowledgeYesNo
KnowledgeNoYesYesNoDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementLearning from errorsQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesYesNot sureNoNot sureNot sureNot sureNot
sureYesNot sureNoNot sureNot sureNot
sureNoNoNoNoNo10384445913221177729ApproveSaudiStuden
t (4th-5th year)Governmental practice1YesYesYesNoNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesYesNoDefinition of patient safety
& general informationRisk managementInfection controlTeam
workLearning from errorsLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs
and patient safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential
elements of patient safety for ambulatory careNot
sureNoYesNot sureYesNoNoNoNoYesNot sureNot sureNoNot
sureNoNoNoNoNoNo10384431854221177729ApproveSaudiStud
ent (4th-5th year)Governmental
practice2YesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementLearning from errorsLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyNot sureYesNot sureNot
sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot
sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot
sureNoNoNoNo10384426656221177729ApproveSaudiStudent
(4th-5th year)Governmental
practice4NoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationRisk managementLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
21. assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNot
sureNoNo10384387699221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-
5th year)Governmental practice2YesYesNoNoNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeYesYesNoWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careNoNot sureNoNoYesNot sureNot sureNot sureNot
sureNoYesNot sureNot sureNot
sureNoNoNoNoNoNo10383695137221177729ApproveSaudiGra
duateGovernmental practice4YesYesNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeYesNo KnowledgeNoYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationRisk managementInfection
controlLearning from errorsEthical aspects of patient
safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesYesNot sureYesNoNot
sureNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesNot sureYesYesNot
sureNo10383687272221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental
practice3YesYesNoYesYesYesYesYesNoWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementLearning from errorsLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNo
NoNo10382241614221177729ApproveNon-
SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental practice10YesYesYesYesNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesYesYesDefinition of patient safety
& general informationRisk managementInfection controlEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs
and patient safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential
elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNot
sureNoNoNoNoNo10382238101221177729ApproveSaudiStuden
t (4th-5th year)Governmental
practice5YesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNoRisk
22. managementLearning from errorsEthical aspects of patient
safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careNoYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoN
o10381975402221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental practice3YesYesYesYesNoNoNoNo
KnowledgeYesDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careOthersYesYesYesNoNot sureYesNot sureNoNoNot
sureNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNo10381870408221177729Appr
oveSaudiStudent (4th-5th year)Governmental
practice5YesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNoRisk
managementInfection controlLearning from errorsEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs
and patient safetyYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNot
sureNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo10381782511221177729
ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th year)Governmental
practice2YesYesNoNoNoNoNo KnowledgeYesYesDefinition of
patient safety & general informationRisk managementInfection
controlEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyEssential elements of patient
safety for ambulatory
careYesNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoN
o10381773589221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental
practice3YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoInfection
controlLearning from errorsEthical aspects of patient
safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceYesYesNoNoYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNoNot
sureNoNoNoYesNoYesYes10381761297221177729ApproveSau
diStudent (4th-5th year)Governmental
23. practice3YesYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationInfection controlEthical aspects of
patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential elements of
patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNo
No10381759184221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental practice3No
KnowledgeYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyYesNoNoNot
sureNoYesYesNot sureNoNot
sureNoYesNoYesYesYesNoYesNoYes10381719307221177729A
pproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th year)Both private and
governmental3YesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNoRisk
managementInfection controlLegal aspects of patient
safetyNoYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoYesYesYesNoYes
YesNoNo10381718727221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental practice3YesYesNoNoNo KnowledgeNoNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential elements of
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careYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNot sureYesYesYesNot
sureYesYesNot sureNot sureYesNoNot
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year)Governmental practice2No
KnowledgeYesYesNoYesYesNoNoYesDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceYesYesYesNoYesNoYesYesNoYesYesNoNoYesNoNo
24. NoNoNot sureNo10381645408221177729ApproveSaudiStudent
(4th-5th year)Governmental practice3YesYesYesYesNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesYesNo KnowledgeDefinition of
patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careNot sureNot sureNoNoYesYesNoNot sureNot sureNot
sureNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNo10381625760221177729Appr
oveSaudiStudent (4th-5th year)Governmental
practice3YesYesNo KnowledgeYesNoNoNo
KnowledgeYesNoRisk managementInfection controlLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyEssential elements of
patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoYesYesNoYesYe
sNoNo10381592154221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental
practice2YesYesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyYesYesYesYesYesNoNot sureNot
sureNoYesYesNoNoYesYesNoYesYesNoNo1038157772422117
7729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th year)Governmental
practice2YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesYesDefinition of patient
safety & general informationRisk managementInfection
controlLearning from errorsEthical aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYe
sNoNoNo10381559529221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Both private and
governmental3YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesDefinition of
patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
25. from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careNoYesNoNoNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot
sureNoNoNoNot sureNoNot
sureNoYesNoNoNo10381503200221177729ApproveSaudiPostgr
aduateBoth private and governmental14YesYesYesYesNoNoNo
KnowledgeYesNoDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNoNot sureYesNoNot
sureYesNoYesNoNoNoYesYesYesNot
sureNoNoNo10381454970221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-
5th year)Governmental practice2No
KnowledgeYesYesYesNoYesNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsQuality care and quality assuranceNoNoNoNot sureNot
sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot
sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot
sureNot
sure10381446164221177729ApproveSaudiPostgraduateGovernm
ental practice14YesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesNoRisk
managementInfection controlDrugs and patient safetyQuality
care and quality
assuranceNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoN
oNo10381414251221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental
practice2YesYesNoNoYesNoYesYesYesDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
26. careYesYesYesYesNot sureNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNot
sureNoYesYesNoNo10381411991221177729ApproveSaudiStude
nt (4th-5th year)Governmental
practice2YesYesNoYesNoNoYesYesNoWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementLearning from errorsEthical aspects
of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNo
NoNo10381400626221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental practice2YesYesNoNo KnowledgeNoNoNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeDefinition of patient
safety & general informationEthical aspects of patient
safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
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sureNot sureNot
sureYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNo10381395260221177729Approv
eSaudiStudent (4th-5th year)Governmental
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of patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careOthersNoYesNoNot sureYesNoNoNoNot sureYesNoNoNot
sureNot sureYesNoYesNot sureNoNot
sure10381384031221177729ApproveNon-
SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental practice15YesYesNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNoYesYesNo
KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety & general
informationRisk managementEthical aspects of patient
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sureYesNoNoNot sureNot
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SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental practice12YesYesNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNoYesYesNo
KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety & general
27. informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNot sureNot sureNot sureNoNot
sureNoYesNoYesNoNoNo10381365842221177729ApproveSaud
iStudent (4th-5th year)Governmental practice3YesYesNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNoNoYesNoDefinition
of patient safety & general informationInfection controlEthical
aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care
and quality assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for
ambulatory
careYesYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNo
No10381339645221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental
practice2YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesYesWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementLearning from errorsEthical aspects
of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential elements of
patient safety for ambulatory
careYesNoYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
No10381338492221177729ApproveSaudiPostgraduateBoth
private and governmental7YesYesNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeYesYesYesYesNo KnowledgeDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careOthersYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoN
oNoNo10381337819221177729ApproveSaudiPostgraduateBoth
private and
governmental15NoYesYesYesNoNoYesYesYesDefinition of
patient safety & general informationRisk managementInfection
controlTeam workEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects
28. of patient safetyQuality care and quality assuranceNoNoYesNot
sureYesYesNot sureNoNot
sureYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesNo1038128045422117772
9ApproveSaudiGraduateGovernmental
practice15YesYesYesNoNoYesYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceNoYesNoYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYesYesYesYesNoY
esYesNoNoNo10381239364221177729ApproveNon-
SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental practice11YesYesYesNo
KnowledgeNoNoYesYesNo KnowledgeWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlEthical aspects of
patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential elements of
patient safety for ambulatory careYesYesNot
sureYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNot sureNoNot sureYesYesNoYesNot
sureNoNo10381225085221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-
5th year)Governmental practice2YesYesNoNoYesYesYesYesNo
KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety & general
informationRisk managementTeam workLearning from
errorsDrugs and patient
safetyNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNo
No10381193121221177729ApproveSaudiPostgraduateBoth
private and governmental2YesYesNo KnowledgeYesNoNoNo
KnowledgeYesNo KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety &
general informationRisk managementInfection controlEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs
and patient
safetyNoYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoN
oNo10381193007221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental practice3YesYesYesYesNoNoYesNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeRisk managementInfection
controlEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyQuality care and quality
29. assuranceYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoN
oNoNoNo10381185642221177729ApproveNon-
SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental
practice17YesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesYesDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantInfection controlTeam workLearning from errorsDrugs
and patient safetyEssential elements of patient safety for
ambulatory careYesNoNoNot sureYesNot
sureYesNoNoYesYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNo103811424212
21177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th year)Governmental
practice2YesYesYesNo KnowledgeNoNoYesYesNo
KnowledgeRisk managementInfection controlYesYesNot
sureNot sureYesNoNot sureNoNoNoNot sureNoNot
sureYesYesNoYesNot sureNoNot
sure10381142095221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental
practice3YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNot sureNot sureYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNot
sureYesYesNoYesNot
sureNoNo10381140269221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-
5th year)Governmental practice3YesYesYesYesNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesYesNoDefinition of patient safety
& general informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careNot sureYesNoYesYesNoNoNoNot sureYesNoNoNoNot
sureNoNoNoYesNoNo10381132723221177729ApproveSaudiStu
dent (4th-5th year)Both private and
governmental3YesYesYesYesYesYesNoYesNoDefinition of
30. patient safety & general informationRisk managementLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesN
oNoNo10381129426221177729ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental
practice3YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNoNoYesNot sureNot sureNoNoNot sureNoNoNot
sureYesYesNoYesNot
sureNoNo10381127490221177729ApproveNon-
SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental
practice10YesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesYesDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlEthical aspects of
patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential elements of
patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo
No10381085431221177729ApproveSaudiPostgraduateGovernme
ntal practice25YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo
KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlLearning from errorsEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyEssential
elements of patient safety for ambulatory careYesYesYesNot
sureNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNo103810828
54221177729ApproveSaudiPostgraduateGovernmental
practice7YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlEthical aspects of
patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyQuality care and
31. quality assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for
ambulatory careYesYesNoNot sureYesNot
sureYesYesYesYesYesNot sureNot
sureYesYesNoNoNoNoNo10381073049221177729ApproveSaud
iGraduateGovernmental practice7YesYesYesNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesYesYesDefinition of patient safety
& general informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesYesYesNot sureNot sureNot
sureNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNo1038105378922117
7729ApproveSaudiGraduateBoth private and
governmental5YesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesYesDefinition of
patient safety & general informationRisk managementInfection
controlTeam workLegal aspects of patient safetyQuality care
and quality
assuranceYesYesYesNoYesNoYesNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNo
NoNoNoNo10381046033221177729ApproveNon-
SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental
practice4YesYesNoYesNoNoNo KnowledgeYesYesDefinition of
patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNoYesYesNoNoYesNot sureYesYesYesNot
sureYesYesYesYesYesYesNo10373560411221177729ApproveS
audiGraduateGovernmental practice5YesYesNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesYesNo
KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlLearning from errorsLegal aspects
of patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and
quality assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for
32. ambulatory careYesYesNot sureNot sureYesNot sureNot
sureNot sureNot sureYesNot
sureNoNoYesYesNoYesYesNoNo103717863192.21E+08Approv
eSaudiGraduateGovernmental
practice4YesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNo KnowledgeDefinition
of patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesYesNot sureYesNot sureNoNoNoYesNoNot sureNot
sureNoNoNoNoYesNoNo103694000412.21E+08ApproveNon-
SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental practice15YesYesYesYesNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesYesNoDefinition of patient safety
& general informationRisk managementInfection controlTeam
workEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careNot sureYesNoYesYesNoNoYesYesYesYesNoYesNot
sureYesYesNoNoNoNo103671400152.21E+08ApproveSaudiGra
duateGovernmental practice3YesYesYesYesNoNoNo
KnowledgeYesNo KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety &
general informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyYesYesNot
sureNoYesNoYesNoNot sureYesNot sureNoNot
sureYesYesYesYesYesNoNo103665911202.21E+08ApproveSau
diPostgraduateGovernmental practice8YesYesYesNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesNo
KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyEssential elements of
patient safety for ambulatory careYesYesNoYesYesNot
sureNoNoNoYesYesNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNo103664617732.
33. 21E+08ApproveSaudiPostgraduatePrivate
practice18YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoYesYesYesNoYesYesNoYe
sNoYesNo103659963002.21E+08ApproveSaudiPostgraduateGov
ernmental practice20YesYesYesYesNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeYesYesYesInfection controlLegal aspects of patient
safetyNot sureNoNoNoNoNoNoNot sureYesYesNot
sureNoNoNoNot
sureYesNoNoNoNo103659447832.21E+08ApproveSaudiGraduat
eGovernmental
practice4YesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs
and patient
safetyYesYesNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYe
sYesYesNo103659402472.21E+08ApproveSaudiGraduateGover
nmental practice4YesYesYesYesNoNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeYesNo KnowledgeWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNot sureNoYesYesNot
sureNoNot
sureNoNoYesYesNoNo103658744742.21E+08ApproveSaudiStu
dent (4th-5th year)Both private and governmental3No
KnowledgeYesYesYesNoNoNo KnowledgeYesNoDefinition of
patient safety & general informationRisk managementInfection
controlLearning from errorsEthical aspects of patient
safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential elements of
34. patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesN
oNoNo103657556532.21E+08ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental practice3YesYesNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesYesNo
KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careNoYesNoNoYesNot sureNot
sureNoNoYesNoYesNoNoYesNoYesYesNoNo103657197482.21
E+08ApproveSaudiPostgraduateGovernmental
practice2YesYesNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeYesYesNo KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety &
general informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
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sureNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo103655440812.21E+08Approv
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KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNoYesYesNo
KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceYesYesYesNot
sureYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoYesYesNoNo1036495
13912.21E+08ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental
practice2YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesRisk
managementLearning from errorsQuality care and quality
35. assuranceYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesY
esYesYesYesYesYes103648045012.21E+08ApproveNon-
SaudiGraduateBoth private and governmental6No
KnowledgeYesNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesNo KnowledgeDefinition of
patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality assuranceNot sureNot sureNot
sureNot sureNot sureYesNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot
sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot
sureNot sureNot sure103647402052.21E+08ApproveNon-
SaudiGraduatePrivate
practice4YesYesNoNoYesYesYesYesYesRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workEthical aspects of
patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential elements of
patient safety for ambulatory
careYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNo
No103644633612.21E+08ApproveNon-SaudiGraduatePrivate
practice10YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNoNoYesNoNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoN
oNo103642894252.21E+08ApproveNon-SaudiGraduatePrivate
practice9YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs
and patient safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential
elements of patient safety for ambulatory careYesNoNoNot
sureYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo103641131
382.21E+08ApproveNon-SaudiGraduatePrivate
practice8YesYesYesNoYesYesNoYesNoDefinition of patient
36. safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs
and patient safetyEssential elements of patient safety for
ambulatory careNot sureNot sureNoNot
sureYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNo1036363
76862.21E+08ApproveNon-SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental
practice12YesYesYesYesNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeYesYesYesDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlLearning from errorsEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs
and patient safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential
elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesYesYesYesNoNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNot
sureNot
sureNoYesYesNoYesYesNoNo103634979302.21E+08ApproveS
audiGraduatePrivate practice12YesYesNoNo
KnowledgeNoYesNoYesNo KnowledgeTeam
workOthersNoYesNot sureYesNoNot sureYesNot sureNoYesNot
sureYesNot sureYesNot sureYesNoYesNot
sureYes103632428992.21E+08ApproveNon-
SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental
practice16YesYesNoNoYesYesYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementTeam workEthical aspects of patient
safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo
No103632268212.21E+08ApproveSaudiStudent (4th-5th
year)Governmental practice1YesYesYesYesNoNoYesNo
KnowledgeYesDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
37. assuranceYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoYesNoYesNoYes
NoNoYesNo103632225242.21E+08ApproveSaudiPostgraduateG
overnmental practice4YesYesNoNoNoNoNo
KnowledgeYesNoDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantInfection
controlTeam workLearning from errorsEthical aspects of patient
safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential elements of
patient safety for ambulatory careYesYesNoNoNot
sureNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNo10362745900
2.21E+08ApproveSaudiGraduateGovernmental
practice4YesYesYesNoYesYesYesYesYesWhy patient safety is
importantInfection controlLearning from errorsQuality care and
quality
assuranceYesNoYesYesYesYesYesNoYesYesNoYesYesYesNoY
esYesNoYesYes103626774912.21E+08ApproveSaudiGraduateG
overnmental practice5YesYesNo
KnowledgeYesYesYesYesYesNo KnowledgeDefinition of
patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careOthersNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNo
YesNoNo103623879392.21E+08ApproveNon-
SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental practice12YesYesNoNoNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesYesNoDefinition of patient safety
& general informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlEthical aspects of patient
safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesNot sureNoYesYesNoYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNot
sureNot
sureNoNoNoNoNo103623000062.21E+08ApproveSaudiGraduat
eBoth private and
governmental2YesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoNoDefinition of
38. patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNot sureNoYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNot sureNoYesNot
sureNoNoYesNoNo103622777442.21E+08ApproveSaudiPostgra
duateGovernmental
practice4YesYesNoNoYesYesYesYesNoRisk
managementInfection
controlOthersYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoN
oYesNoNo103622615292.21E+08ApproveSaudiGraduateGovern
mental practice4YesYesNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesNo
KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlLearning from errorsEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs
and patient safetyEssential elements of patient safety for
ambulatory careYesYesNot sureNot sureYesNot sureNot
sureNot sureNot sureYesNot
sureNoNoYesYesNoYesYesNoNo103621472162.21E+08Approv
eSaudiGraduateGovernmental practice4No KnowledgeYesNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesNoYesNo
KnowledgeRisk managementInfection controlLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyEssential elements of patient
safety for ambulatory careYesYesNot sureNot
sureYesNoNoNoNoYesNot sureNoNoNoNot sureNoNot
sureYesNoNo103621280662.21E+08ApproveSaudiPostgraduate
Both private and
governmental3NoYesYesYesNoNoYesYesYesDefinition of
patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
39. assuranceNoYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoN
oNoNoNo103621235812.21E+08ApproveSaudiPostgraduateGov
ernmental
practice29YesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesDefinition of
patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyEssential elements of
patient safety for ambulatory
careNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNo1
03621147992.21E+08ApproveSaudiPostgraduateGovernmental
practice12YesYesNo
KnowledgeYesYesYesYesYesYesDefinition of patient safety &
general informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlDrugs and patient safetyQuality
care and quality
assuranceYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
NoNo103621053022.21E+08ApproveSaudiGraduateGovernment
al practice5YesYesNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesNo
KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementLearning from errorsEthical aspects of patient
safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs and patient
safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential elements of
patient safety for ambulatory careYesYesNot sureNot sureNot
sureNot sureYesNot sureNot sureNot
sureYesNoYesYesYesNoYesYesNoNo10362986138220784427A
pproveSaudiGraduateGovernmental
practice8YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesNot sureNot sureYesYesNot sureYesYesNoYesNot
40. sureNoNot
sureNoYesNoYesNoNoNo10362947389220784427ApproveSaud
iGraduateGovernmental
practice5YesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNoWhy patient safety is
importantEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyYesYesYesYesYesNot sureYesNoNoYesNot
sureNoNot sureYesYesYesNoNoYesNot
sure10362888108220784427ApproveSaudiGraduateBoth private
and governmental5YesYesNoYesNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeYesYesYesRisk
managementYesYesYesYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNot
sureNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNo10362871803220784427Approv
eNon-SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental
practice22YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo KnowledgeDefinition
of patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNot sureYesYesNoNot sureNoNoNoNot
sureNoNoNoNot
sureNoNoYesNoNo10363445729220784427ApproveSaudiStude
nt (4th-5th year)Governmental
practice3YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNot sureNot sureNot sureNot sureNoNot
sureNoYesNoYesNoNot sureNoNoNoNot
sureNoNo10363419235220784427ApproveNon-
SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental
practice18YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNo KnowledgeDefinition
of patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementYesYesNoNoYesNot sureNoNoNot
41. sureNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNot
sureNoNo10363408393220784427ApproveSaudiGraduateGover
nmental practice6YesYesNo KnowledgeNoNoNoYesYesNo
KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety & general
informationOthersYesYesNoNoYesNot sureNoNot sureYesNot
sureNoYesYesNoNoYesYesNoNoNo10363294995220784427Ap
proveSaudiGraduateBoth private and governmental5YesYesNo
KnowledgeYesNo KnowledgeNo KnowledgeYesYesNo
KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesYesYesYesNot
sureNoNoNoNoyesYesNoNoYesNoYesYesNoNo1036327252422
0784427ApproveSaudiPostgraduateBoth private and
governmental11YesYesNoYesNoNoYesYesYesDefinition of
patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesNot sureNot sureYesNot sureNoNot sureNoNot
sureYesNoNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNo10362535184220784427
ApproveNon-SaudiPostgraduateGovernmental
practice15YesYesNoNoNoNoYesYesNo KnowledgeDefinition
of patient safety & general informationRisk
managementInfection controlLearning from errorsEthical
aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient safetyDrugs
and patient safetyQuality care and quality assuranceEssential
elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNoYesYesNoNot sureNoNot
sureYesYesNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYesNo1036252716922078442
7ApproveSaudiPostgraduateBoth private and
governmental12YesYesNoYesNo KnowledgeNo
KnowledgeYesYesYesDefinition of patient safety & general
42. informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNot sureNot sureNot sureYesNoNoNot
sureYesYesNoNoYesYesNoYesYesNoNo1036252615522078442
7ApproveSaudiPostgraduateBoth private and
governmental8YesYesNoYesYesYesYesYesYesDefinition of
patient safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNot sureYesYesNot sureNoNoNot sureYesNot
sureNoNot
sureYesYesNoYesNoNoNo10362526153220784427ApproveSau
diGraduateGovernmental
practice4YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNot sureYesYesNot
sureNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNo10362802036220
784427ApproveSaudiGraduateGovernmental
practice5YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesNoDefinition of patient
safety & general informationWhy patient safety is
importantRisk managementInfection controlTeam workLearning
from errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of
patient safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesNoNot sureYesNoNot sureNoYesNoNot
sureNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNo10362789023220784427Appr
oveSaudiGraduateBoth private and governmental5YesYesNo
43. KnowledgeYesNo KnowledgeNoYesYesNo
KnowledgeDefinition of patient safety & general
informationWhy patient safety is importantRisk
managementInfection controlTeam workLearning from
errorsEthical aspects of patient safetyLegal aspects of patient
safetyDrugs and patient safetyQuality care and quality
assuranceEssential elements of patient safety for ambulatory
careYesYesNot sureNot sureNoNot
sureNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNo