This document provides an overview of rotary drilling rig systems and components. It defines what a drilling rig is and lists various acronyms used in drilling operations. It describes the major systems on a drilling rig including the hoisting system, rotary system, circulating system, power system, blowout prevention system, and monitoring systems. It also summarizes key components that make up each system such as the drawworks, drill pipe, kelly, blowout preventers, mud pumps, shale shakers, and monitoring equipment. Miscellaneous rig equipment is outlined including the rig floor, pipe handling tools, mud tanks, and rig layout. Online courses for drilling rig training are mentioned at the end.

1. Rotary Drilling Rig Systems
Overview

2. Rotary Drilling Rig
Systems

3. What is drilling Rig ?
A drilling rig is a machine that creates
holes in the earth's subsurface. It can
be used to drill, water, oil and gas wells.

4. Drilling Rig Acronyms
DP – Drill pipe
HWDP- Heavy weight drill pipe
DC- Drill collar
BOP- Blow out preventer
TDS- Top drive system
WOB-Weight on bit
ROP- Rate of penetration
GPM- Gallon per minutes
SPP- stand pipe pressure
VFD – Variable frequency drive
SCR-Silicon controlled rectifier

5. Drilling Rig Acronyms
AC-Alternating current
DC- direct current
RIH – Run in hole
POOH- Pull out of hole
PDC -Polycrystalline diamond compact
TSP -Thermally stable polycrystalline diamond
RSS- Rotary steerable system
BHA- Bottom hole assembly
bbl- barrel

6. Drilling Rig Acronyms
OD- Outer Diameter
ID- Inner Diameter
CRT- Casing Running Tool
EMW- Equivalent Mud Weight
HTHP-High Temperature High Pressure
FOSV-Full Open Safety Valve
MAASP- Maximum Allowable Annulus Surface Pressure
SIDPP-Shut In Drill Pipe Pressure
PPG – Pound Per Gallon
IADC-International Association Of Drilling Contractors

7. Drilling Rig Acronyms
SICP-Shut In Casing Pressure
SCR-Slow Circulation Rate
TOC- Top Of Cement
TD-Total Depth
TVD- True Vertical Depth
MD-Measured Depth
MOC- Management of Change
LCM-Loss Circulation Material
COC-Certificate of Conformance
CO2-Carbon Dioxide
H2S-Hydrogen Sulphide

8. Drilling Rig Acronyms
MWD- Measurement While Drilling
LWD- Logging While Drilling
LOT-Leak Off Test
KMW-Kill Mud Weight
ICP-Initial Circulating Pressure
FCP-Final Circulating Pressure
BHP-Bottom Hole Pressure
MW-Mud Weight
ESD-Emergency Shutdown
ERD-Extended Reach Drilling

9. Drilling Rig Acronyms
WOC – Weight On Cement
HSE-Health Safety and Environment
HCR – High Closing ratio
OSHA-Occupational Safety And Health Administration
OBM-Oil Base Mud
WBM-Water Base Mud
QA-Quality Assurance
QC-Quality Control
OB-Over Balance
UB-Under Balance

10. Hoisting system
Components
 Drawwork
 Drilling line
 Crown block
 Mast /derrick
 Travelling block
 Hook
 Storage reel spool
Note:
Crown block is located on
top of mast/derrick.

11. Hoisting System Components

12. Derrick vs Mast

13. Gear transmission
 Expensive
 Reliable
 Compact design, light weight
Chain transmission
 Cheaper
 Not reliable
 Bulky and heavy weight
Types Of Draw works

14. Hoisting System Components
Derrick Mast

15. Hook
Travelling
block
Dead line
anchor
Drilling line
storage
spool
Crown
Block
Hoisting System Components

16. The rotary system includes all of the
equipment used to achieve bit rotation
Kelly
system
Top Drive
System

17. Saver
Sub
Kelly
Upper kelly Cock
SwivelLower
kelly
Cock
Kelly system Parts and Their
functionsPin Type Kelly
Bushing
Pin Square Kelly
Bushing

18. TDS Components functions

19. Difference Between Kelly Drive and TDS
Drive
Kelly TDS

20. Drill string components
Drill pipe
HWDP
Spiral DC
Slick DC
Stabilizer
Drilling Jar

21. Drill string components
Drill pipe
HWDP
Spiral DC
Slick DC
Stabilizer
Drilling Jar

22. Dog
leg
What are key seat, dog leg and differential
sticking?

23. Formation: Is subsurface rock layers that bit will drill. There
may be several formations to be drill to reach target zone.
Kick: is flow of formation fluid into wellbore during drilling. It
happen when drilling fluid (mud) column hydrostatic pressure
is less than formation pressure . Well is shut in with BOP and
formation fluid is circulated out and mud weight is increased.
Formation pressure
Formation pressure is the pressure of fluid contained in pore
space of rockHydrostatic pressure
Is the pressure that is generated by the weight of liquid above
a measurement point, when the liquid is at rest.
P=0.052*MW*Depth
*** MW is the drilling fluid density in pounds per gallon,
*** Depth is the true vertical depth or head "in feet
*** 0.052 is a unit conversion factor
*** P = pressure in psi (pound per square inch)
Formation? Kick? Formation and Hydrostatic
pressure?

24. Stabilizers are used
to:
Center /stabilize BHA
Control hole deviation.
Reduce the risk of differential sticking.
Ream out doglegs and keyseats.
Dog
leg
What are key seat, dog leg and differential
sticking?

25. Welded type string
stabilizer
Integral stabilizer

26. Near Bit stabilizer
String stabilizer

27. Cross overs
Cross over join two tubular joint of different
threads
Float valve
are plunger or flapper type valves used in
drill string above bit.
It prevent string from plugging by back flow
from annulus to drill string and avoid
entrance of formation fluid inside drill
string in case of kick.

29. The circulating system is used to circulate drilling fluid down through the
drill string and up the annulus, carrying out the drilled cuttings from the face
of the bit to surface

30. Mud pump
Shale
shaker
De-sander De-silter Centrifuge
Rotary
hose
Cut point>74
micron
Cut point>40
micron
Cut point>20
micron
Cut point>4 micron
Stand Pipe
Circulating system components and their function
Cut Point: is Particle size that have specific chance to be removed by solid control
equipment.

31. The power system is a one of the most important aspect of drilling rig
because it is needed to power up all drilling rig systems (rotary,
circulating, hoisting, blow out preventer and monitoring systems etc.)
VFD –Variable frequency drive
(AC)
SCR –Silicon control rectifier
(DC)

32. Lighting for Mast
and rig floor

33. Lighting for Mud
tanks

34. Lighting for Mini camp

35. Wire line operation

36. Blow out Prevention System
What is Blow out?
Blow Out: A blowout is the uncontrolled release of crude oil and/or
natural gas from an oil well or gas well after pressure control systems
have failed.
Blowout Preventer (BOP) is an assembly of specialized valves or similar
mechanical devices installed, during drilling, between the wellhead system
and the drill floor. It is used to seal, control and monitor the well in case of
kick.

37. Blow out Prevention System
Consists of:
 Accumulator
 BOP control panels
 Annular BOP
 Pipe Ram
 Variable Bore ram
 Blind Ram/Shear Ram BOP
 Mud cross (Drilling spool)
 Kill line
 Choke line
 Choke manifold
 Choke control panel
 Mud gas separator (Poor Boy)

38. 4 Way Valve
• is actually 3 position & 4 way valve
• It can be actuated by remote
panels or can be operated
manually from accumulator to
close or open BOP
Annular BOP
• Can close around any
round tubular
• Can be used to strip
in and out with
pressure in wellbore
Pipe Ram BOP
* Close around
Particular size tubular
Shear Ram BOP
 Used to cut
tubular (DP,
casing, tubing
etc.) in case
uncontrolled well
situation
Choke control panel
It is located on rig floor and is used
to control hydraulic chokes
(automatic choke) of chokemanifold
while circulating out kick.

39. HCR valve Choke manifold
Poor Boy
Manual Valve
Mud cross / Drilling
spool
Ring gas kit

40. Rig Monitoring system is used to monitor drilling parameters like mud
tanks volume, ROP, WOB, torque, drill string weight and SPP etc .

41. Monkey board:
It is derrickman's working platform and
used to rack drill pipe stands.
Misleneous Rig Components
Substructure
Is steel frame foundation on which mast/
derrick and draw work sit. It provide
necessary clearance for BOP stack under
rig floor.

42. Supports the heavy electrical cables that
feed the power from the control panel to
the rig motors.
Electric Cable Tray:
Fuel Tanks:
Fuel storage tanks for the power
generating system.

43. Rig Floor
work area or platform on which the rig
crew conducts operations, usually adding
or removing drill pipe to or from the drill
string
Casing stabbing board
Is platform located at +/- 35 ft on mast from
rig floor On the mast where casing hand
help to align casing to stab in on casing
string.
Pipe Basket
It is basket where tubular (DP,DC, HWDP) are
store.

44. Driller’s Console:
The control panel, located on the rig floor,
where the driller controls drilling operations
Side door Elevators:
A set of clamps that grips drill sting or
casing string to lower or raise in wellbore.
Slip hold drill pipe or casing pipe in rotary
table
Slip:
Single Joint Elevators:
Pick up single joint of tubular from cat walk.
Rig floor Miscellaneous
equipment

45. Manual Tongs:
The large wrenches used for turning when
making up or breaking out drill pipe,
casing, tubing, or other pipe
Power tong
Power tong is hydraulically operated tong
to speed up making or breaking process of
tubular connections
Hydraulic slip
It is hydraulically operated slip to hold tubular in rotary table
Hydraulic unit
Its provide hydraulic power to operate
power tong , draw work, TDS and BOP
trolley

46. Safety Clamp:
Its set of gripping elements (dies) to hold
firmly drill collar and prevent slipping of
drill collar from drill collar slip.
Cat head
It is hydraulically operated and used to
apply force to manual tongs with steel wire
for make up or break up of tubular
connections.
Stair
Stair is attached with rig floor for personnel
to go up or come down from rig floor

47. Weight Indicator:
A device for measuring the weight of the
drill string.
IBOP ( Inside Blow Out Preventer)
It is plunger type flow control valve that
only permit fluid to pump down and work
as check valve.
It must kept open on rig floor to be used
in well control situation.
Full opening safety valve
It is ball type safety valve used for
controlling flow from drill string in well
control situation.
A L shape key is used to open and close
this valve.
It must kept in open position on rig

48. Lifting subs
lifting sub is used with drill collar, elevator
is latched with lifting sub and drill collar is
lowered in or pull out from bore hole
Lifting Cap
It is make up on tubular box to pick up or
lay down tubular with air host hook.
Chain Tong
Used to screw in two tubular manually.

49. Mud Bucket
Is barrel type device used around drill pipe to collect
mud and drain to flow line while POOH.
BOP trolley
It is located below rig, mounted on track
guide. It is used for handling BOP stack for
installation and removal BOP from well
head.

50. Cat walk and V-door
Cat walk is ramp structure from where
tubular are picked up to rig floor by air
hoists.
Where as V-door is opening on rig floor
that provide access to bring tubular from
cat walk with air hoists
Air Hoist
It is pneumatically operated
wench used to pick up
tubular from cat walk.

51. Tricone Bit Breaker
This is piece of equipment which is used to
make up or break out tricone bit from drill
string by applying required torque with
manual tongs.
PDC Breaker
It is used to make up or break out PDC bit
from drill string.

52. Rat hole
Is hole on rig floor cased with pipe and is
used to rack kelly.
Mouse hole
Is also hole on rig floor cased with pipe and
is used to place drill pipe for making up
connection.

53. Dog house
Used as store on rig floor to place rig
equipment.
Flow line
It is large OD pipe which take mud return
from BOP stack bell nipple to shale shaker.

54. Drill pipe circulating head
It is device make up with drill string with circulating hose or
high pressure checkson lines for following purposes.
** PT casing through drill string with cement unit
** Performing cement job through stinger.
** For circulating through string to change out rotary hose or
wash pipe.Casing circulating head
Make up to casing string with hose
washing down any tight spot (restriction)
while running casing.
Circulating hose
It is made up between circulating head and stand
pipe for circulation.
Drill pipe Cement stringer
It is used to perform casing cement job with inner string. It is
stabbed into casing shoe and cement is pumped through
inner string.

55. Chiksan line loop
It is high pressure line used for cement pumping
job and casing/tubing pressure testing.
Chiksan swivel:
It has ball bearing and have ability to
rotate for aligning connection of swivel to
make up with chiksan line.
Low torque valve
is a valve which can be easily operated with
a bar and is used with chiksan line to
Pressure test chiksan line .

56. Degasser
It is located on down stream of shale shaker on mud tank
and is used to remove any entrap gas in mud while controlling gas kick
Agitator :
Are used to agitate mud to prevent settling down of solids from mud.
mud tanks miscellaneous
equipment
Mud
Is mixture of water and chemicals used as drilling fluid to drill the well mainly for remo
Cutting and to overcome formation pressure.

57. Mixing Hopper
Used to mix mud chemicals in mud tanks.
Mud gun
Used to shear/mix mud in the mud tank it is usually installed near to
Corner of mixing tank. It enhance agitation of mud, Where agitation by
agitator is limited, as agitator is installed in the middle of tank.
It can be used to transfer mud between the mud tanks.

58. Mud balance
It is used to measure mud weight in pcf or ppg.
Mud cup and mud funnel
Mud cup is used to collect mud sample.
Mud funnel is used to measure mud viscosity.

59. Trip Tank
Is 50 to 60 bbl tank used to monitor well while RIH and POOH.
Reserve tank
Is mud tank where extra mud is prepared
and stored and can be transferred to active
tank when needed.Water tank
Store water for mixing mud, cement slurry
or for draw work brake cooling purposes
Diesel tank
Store diesel for mixing oil base mud, OBM
is used to drill reactive shale
Active tank
Is mud tank from where mud is sucked and
pump to well and is same tank where
return come back.

60. Drilling Rig General Lay out

61. Drilling rig Online Courses
Email:info@rigskills.com
Website: Rigskills.com