Rosa Parks was born in 1913 in Alabama and experienced racism as a child. She became a prominent civil rights activist after her pivotal role in the 1955 Montgomery bus boycott. On December 1, 1955 in Montgomery, Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger on a segregated bus, as was required by law. Her action sparked the Montgomery bus boycott, which lasted over a year and helped launch the civil rights movement. Parks received numerous honors for her work, including being called "the first lady of civil rights" and "the mother of the freedom movement" by the U.S. Congress. She remained an icon of resistance to racial segregation until her death in 2005 at the age of