Rosa Parks was a civil rights activist born in 1913 in Alabama. She is known for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger on a segregated bus in 1955, sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The year-long boycott challenged segregation laws and helped launch the Civil Rights Movement. Rosa Parks worked to end segregation and fight for equal rights through various organizations. She received many honors for her activism, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom, before passing away in 2005.