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Root knot disease of tomato
The document discusses root knot disease in tomatoes and other vegetables caused by nematodes such as Meloidogyne javanica, leading to significant yield losses and various symptoms including slow growth and wilting. It details pathogen characteristics, life cycle, and effective management strategies, including crop rotation, field sanitation, and the use of organic amendments. Key chemical controls and resistant varieties are also mentioned for effective disease management.
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Root knot disease of tomato
- 1. Root Knot ofTomato/Vegetables DR. RAJBIR SINGH Assistant Professor Department of Plant Pathology Gochar Mahavidyalaya, Rampur Maniharan, Saharanpur (UP), India Affiliated to Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut (UP), India Email: rajbir25805@yahoo.com, rajbirsingh2810@gmail.com Cell No. 91-9456613374
- 2. Root Knot ofTomato / Vegetables • Infect brinjal, okra, cucurbits, chili, g. nut etc. • All over the world • All parts of country • More disease when with fungi & bacteria • Loss – 60% in all vegetables
- 3. Symptoms : • Slowgrowth & dwarfing • ↓ Leaf size • Yellowing of leaves • Pl. show nutrition deficiency • Wilting if Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Verticillum etc. present • Some time scroching of leaf in margin • Patches in the field
- 4. • Main symptoms– root knot / root gall • Main & lateral roots – swell –spherical to elongate • Galls d/n in shape & size • Rotting of gall • No flowering / less flowering • No fruiting / less fruiting
- 15. Pathogen – Meloidogynejavanica M. incognita M. arenaria • Egg size – 67 – 128 x 33 - 52 µm (ellipsoid) • Adult male – 1.2 – 1.5 mm (long) • 0.03 – 0.36 mm (width) • Female – 0.42 – 1.3 mm (long), pear shaped • 400 – 500 eggs / female
- 18. • Survive insoil as gall – later galls rotting- nematode free • Larva move – 1 cm/day • Roots exudates attract larva • Larva secret saliva into the pl. cell • II & III stage larva differentiate by stylet & stouter • IVth stage - differentiate ♂ / ♀ • Sex depend on nutrition • Sex differentiation – sexual dimorphism
- 19. • Giant cell– dissolution of middle lemma • Hypertrophy & Hyperplasia – gall formed • Gall – paricycle, paranchyma & endodermis cells • Life cycle - 25 days at 27° C 80 days at 14° C • Tem. – 25 - 28° C • Soil – sandy loam
- 20. Disease Management • Selectionof field • Field sanitation • Crop rotation of 2-3 years • Deep ploughing • Flooding • Organic amendments – saw dust, neem cake, jatropha @250 Q/ha. Use before 3 weeks of planting • Streaming – hot water - 50° C for 30 minutes • Feuradan – 2.5 kg / ha, Temic, Thimate, Nemacur @ 25kg/ha, Carbofuran, Rugby @ 2 kg a.i./ ha • Dis. Res. Var.- SL 120, Nematex, Banaraj joint, PV - 1, Hissar Lalit
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