Rock cycle PowerPoint

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
ResourcesChapter menu
BY: EMMA, ELISHA, AND DILLON
Rock Cycle

The Rock Cycle
• A rock is a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or
more minerals or organic matter.
• New rock forms from old rock material constantly.
• The series of processes in which a rock forms, changes
from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again
by geological processes is called the rock cycle.
The Rock Cycle
Chapter 10

The Rock Cycle
Pictures

Pictures

The Value of Rock
• Rock has been an important natural resource for as long as
humans have existed.
• Ancient and modern civilizations have used granite,
limestone, marble sandstone, slate and other rocks as
construction materials.
• Rock is also an important ingredient in concrete and
plaster, both of which are commonly used in construction.
The Rock Cycle
Chapter 10

ResourcesChapter menu Resources
Processes That Shape the Earth
• Certain geological processes make and destroy rock.
• These processes shape the features of our planet.
• These processes also influence the type of rock that is
found in certain areas.
The Rock Cycle
Chapter 10

Processes That Shape the Earth, continued
• Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition The process in
which water, wind, ice, and heat break down rock is
called weathering.
• Weathering is important because it breaks down rock
into fragments of which sedimentary rock is made.
The Rock Cycle
Chapter 10

• The process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity
transports soil and sediment from one location to another
is called erosion.
• The process in which sediment moved by erosion is
dropped and comes to rest is called deposition.
The Rock Cycle
Chapter 10

• Heat and Pressure Sedimentary rock can also form
when buried sediment is squeezed by the weight of
overlaying layers of sediment.
• If the temperature and pressure are high enough, the rock
can change into metamorphic rock.
• If the rock gets hot enough to melt, this creates the magma
that eventually cools to form igneous rock.
The Rock Cycle
Chapter 10

• How the Cycle Continues Buried rock is exposed at the
Earth’s surface by a combination of uplift and erosion.
• Uplift is the movement within the Earth that causes rocks
inside the Earth to be moved to the surface.
• When uplifted rock reaches the Earth’s surface,
weathering, erosion, and deposition begin.
The Rock Cycle
Chapter 10

Illustrating the Rock Cycle
• The rock cycle is the continual process by which new
rock forms from old rock material.
Round and Round It Goes
• Rocks may follow various pathways in the rock cycle.
The following Visual Concepts presentation show the
different ways rock may change when it goes through the
rock cycle.
The Rock Cycle
Chapter 10

Rock Classification, continued
• Each class of rock can be divided further, based on
differences in the ways rocks form.
• Igneous rock can be divided again based on whether
the magma from which it forms cools on the Earth’s
surface or below ground.
The Rock Cycle
Chapter 10

• Sedimentary and metamorphic rocks are also divided
into smaller groups.
• Scientists study rocks in detail using two important
criteria: composition and texture.
The Rock Cycle
Chapter 10

• Composition is the chemical makeup of a rock.
Composition can describe either the minerals or other
materials in the rock.
• Texture is the quality of a rock that is based on the sizes,
shapes, and positions of the rock’s grains.
The Rock Cycle
Chapter 10

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