The document describes the Road Note Method No. 4 for mix design of concrete. It involves 5 steps: 1) determining average compressive strength, 2) selecting water-cement ratio, 3) choosing aggregate-cement ratio based on workability, 4) specifying fine-coarse aggregate ratio, and 5) calculating proportions. An example is provided to design a mix with 200 kg/cm2 strength using local aggregates graded within limits. The resulting mix has 355 kg cement, 220 kg water, 680 kg fine aggregate, and 1020 kg coarse aggregate per cubic meter of concrete.

1. Ramya 14MST1019
Namratha 14MST1043
Vaishnavi 14MST1046
ROAD NOTE METHOD NO.4, DOE AND HIGH
STRENGTH PERFORMANCE OF CONCRETE

2. Ramya 14MST1019
ROAD NOTE METHOD NO 4

3. MIX DESIGN
The process of selecting suitable ingredients
of concrete and determining their relative
quantities
The purpose of producing an economical
concrete which has certain properties are
1.Workability,
2. Strength and
3.Durability.

4. BASIS OF THE METHOD
According to the Road Note No.4 is mainly based
on the experimental investigations by Glanville et
al
Deals with the effect of aggregate grading on the
strength and workability of concrete
It’s mandatory to note that designed concrete
must be satisfactory both in the Plastic as well
Hardened state
Necessary the choice of Mix proportions is
governed by both these conditions

5. Contd
The required W/C ratio to produce the design
characteristic strength depends upon the
characteristics of the cement
By using same W/C ratio, different strengths are
produced by Ordinary Portland, Rapid hardening
Portland and High alumina cements.
The Road note No.4 presents a set of curves
relating W/C ratio and Compressive strength at
different ages and for different types of cement.

6. Contd
A rough indication of the degree of workability is
obtained by the corresponding slump and compacting
factor of the concrete at the work site
 Extensive Laboratory investigations were conducted
at the ROAD RESEARCH LABORATORY to study the
relation among the various parameters such as
1. Aggregate/Cement Ratio
2. Water/Cement Ratio
3. Degree of workability
4. Grading
5. Shape and size of aggregates

7. Based on the results, design tables are
presented in Road Note No.4 to select suitable
Aggregate/Cement ratios for a concrete mix
and filling up other parameters.

8. MIX DESIGN PROCEDURE
STEP 1 :The average compressive strength of
the concrete mix is to be obtained by applying
the control factors to the minimum
compressive strength.
The relation between the minimum and average
compressive strength depend on the degree of
quality control and shown in the below table 1

9. PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019 Namratha 14MST1043 Vaishnavi
14MST1046
Table.1 Estimated relation between minimum and mean compressive
strengths of site cube (ROAD NOTE NO.4)
CONDITIONS MINIMUM STRENGTH
AS % OF AVERAGE
STRENGTH
Very good control with
weigh batching.
Constant Supervision
75
Fair control with weigh
batching
Occasional supervision
60
Poor control, inaccurate
volume batching of all in
aggregates
No supervision
40

10. PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019 Namratha 14MST1043 Vaishnavi
14MST1046
STEP 2: WATER CEMENT RATIO
•The W/C ratio is required
to give the necessary
average compressive
strength, at the desired
age and for the type of
cement used.
•Read Table 2 and get the
value of W/C ratio.

11. PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019 Namratha 14MST1043 Vaishnavi
14MST1046
Table.2 Relation between compressive strength and
water cement ratio for 10 cubes of fully compacted
concrete

12. PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019 Namratha 14MST1043 Vaishnavi
14MST1046
STEP 3 : AGREGATE CEMENT RATIO WITH DEGREE OF
WORKABILITY AND GRADING OF CURVE
•The proportion of
combine aggregate
to cement is
determined from
Table 3 & 4 for
aggregates of
maximum size 40
and 20mm
respectively.
•The tables provide
for four different
degrees of
workability detailed
in Table 5

13. PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019 Namratha 14MST1043 Vaishnavi
14MST1046
STEP 4 : RATIO OF FINE TO TOTAL
AGGREGATE
Aggregate
available at the
work site differ
from the
standard grading,
the coarse and
fine aggregates
must be
combined so as
to produce one of
the standard
grading

14. STEP 5: PROPORTION OF CEMENT,
WATER, FINE AND COARSE AGGREGATES
CEMENT : FINE AGGREGATE : COARSE AGGREGATE :
WATER
1 Nf Nc w
Thus the weight of cement ‘C’ is evaluated by
the relation
C + Nf.. C + Nc C + W.C + 0.01 ν = 1
m3 ρc ρw ρfa ρw ρca ρw ρw

15. Where,
C – Weight of cement required per cubic metre of concrete
ρc – Specific gravity of cement
ρfa – Specific gravity of fine aggregate
ρca – Specific gravity of coarse aggregate
ν – Percentage of entrained air in concrete
ρw – Density of water

16. LIMITATIONS OF ROAD NOTE NO.4 METHOD
Design tables of aggregate/ Cement ratio
recommended in Road Note No.4 cover only three
shapes of aggregates and four type gradings
But in practice aggregates having different shapes,
sizes and properties have to use for the mixes.
This method cannot be used directly for the design
of air entrained concrete
The nominal mix designed by using the data can
be suitably adjusted for the desired air content in the
mix.

17. PROBLEM ON ROAD NOTE METHOD NO.4
Design a concrete Mix to suit the following data using the Method of
Road Note No.4
Specified works cube strength -200 kg/cm2 at 28 days
Degree of workability- High since concrete is required weigh batching
and constant supervision
Type of cement –Ordinary cement
Type of fine aggregate-Natural sand
Type of coarse aggregate-Crushed granite
Angular aggregate of 20mm max size. The aggregate available at
works site have the following grading

18. PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019 Namratha 14MST1043 Vaishnavi
14MST1046

19. PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019 Namratha 14MST1043 Vaishnavi
14MST1046
DESIGN OF CONCRETE MIX
For the degree of
control used refer
below table 1
Minimum strength
is 75% of the
average strength.
Mean design
strength =200/0.75
= 270 kg/cm2
Water cement
ratio (from table 2)
= 0.62
CONDITIONS MINIMUM STRENGTH
% OF AVERAGE
STRENGTH
Very good control with
weigh batching.
Constant Supervision
75
Fair control with weigh
batching
Occasional supervision
60
Poor control, inaccurate
volume batching of all in
aggregates
No supervision
40

20. PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019 Namratha 14MST1043 Vaishnavi
14MST1046
For required High
workability, refer
the table 3
Aggregate/cement
ratio (from table 3)
= 4.8
The given
aggregate do not
belong to any
particular standard
grading curve.
They should be
combined in
suitable
proportions to
corresponding to
the nearest
practical grading,

21. PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019 Namratha 14MST1043 Vaishnavi
14MST1046
 The proportion of fine to total aggregate = 40%
 Hence the proportions by weight of ingredients are
given by
CEMENT : FINE AGGREGATE : COARSE
AGGREGATE
1 : 4.8x40 : 4.8x60
100 100
1 : 1.92 : 2.88
PROPORTION BY VOLUME
1 : 1.92x1472 : 2.88x1472
1680 1520

22. PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019 Namratha 14MST1043 Vaishnavi
14MST1046
If C= weight of cement required per m3 of concrete
Then by absolute volume method, we have
C + 1.92C + 2.88C + 0.62 C = 1m3
3.15x103 2.6x103 2.6x103 103
C=355 kg
Water= 0.62x355=220 kg
F.A=1.92x355=680kg
C.A=2.88x355=1020kg
Density of fresh concrete=2275kg/m3