Presented by Fabiana Spinelli (TRADE Hub Synthesis and Data Officer, UNEP-WCMC) at "A nature-positive trade for sustainable agriculture supply chains and inclusive development", Jakarta, Indonesia, on 26 - 27 Sep 2023

1. Menti
question
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2. Roadmap
2 6 Sept em b er 2 0 2 3
R eg i o n a l S t a k eh o l d e r s C o n s u l t a t i o n i n A s i a
to Just and
Sustainable Trade
for agricultural commodities

3. Everytimeconsumersputaforkintheirmouth,theyneedtoknowalltheactors
involvedtoproducethatfoodthattheyareeating.Doesthemoneythattheypaid
forthatfoodisequallydistributedtoalltheactorsalongthesupplychain?To
farmers?Tointermediaries?Howmuchdoesitgotoeachoftheseactors?Ifmost
ofthatmoneygoestointermediaries,thatisaninjustice.
Jean Pierre Imelé
President of the “Réseau des Entreprises pour l’Économie Verte
d'Afrique Centrale” (REACEV)
“

4. The problem
Business as
Usual
Global markets tend to grow and expand, constantly
exploring new territories, competing for resources, and
attracting more consumers.
Social
Inequalities
Minor adjustments to the existing trade systems would
ignore the historical violence and inequality caused by
colonialism and uneven development, which form the
foundation of the global trade system.
Environmental
Degradation
Expansion of agricultural land to meet growing demands for
commodities has led to widespread deforestation, habitat
loss, soil erosion, water pollution, and climate change in
most regions around the world, often with costs in
developing countries.

5. The
Numbers
85%
Rubbersmallholders
Smallholders produce 85% of the natural rubber globally; it takes 6 million farmers
in Asia to meet the global demand for rubber
80%
Soybeanproduction
≈ 80% of the total global production of soybean is produced in the Americas: 33%
in Brazil, 28% in the USA, and 16% in Argentina
90%
Cocoa smallholders
Smallholders grow ≈90% of the cocoa consumed globally; ≈50 million people
depend on cocoa for their livelihoods
70%
Agricultureand deforestation
≈70% of tropical deforestation is due to commercial agriculture; palm oil, soy, cattle
and timber products play a major role
International demand for agricultural commodities is responsible for 35% of
deforestation.
35%
Internationaldemand
85%
Palm oil production
Indonesia and Malaysia are responsible for supplying 85% of the palm oil globally

6. The solution
The roadmap to just and sustainable trade aims to offer different paths for actors along the
supply chains of major agricultural commodities to act and achieve a vision of just and
sustainable trade.
Vision
Just and sustainable trade respects planetary boundaries and promotes wellbeing for all
within trade systems.
Action
Tracks
Creating stable, just,
and ecologically
resilient production
systems
Production
Systems
Consumption
Addressing
overconsumption and
underconsumption
Local-Global
Markets
Delivering a trade
system that works for
local and global
markets
Power, Costs
& Benefits
Balancing power in
supply chains to evenly
distribute costs and
benefits from trade
Smallholders
Needs
Creating trade systems
that meet the needs
and aspirations of
smallholder farmers
and forest users

7. The
Approach
Evidence-based Participation and Voice Multimedia Content
TRADE Hub research
Systems Change
Fieldwork, workshops,
interviews, and consultations
in the TRADE Hub countries
Website, videos, animations,
world map
3 Horizons Framework, Bill
Sharpe et al.
Targeted Reach
Actors mapping, outreach
and engagement

8. Menti
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9. vision
Vision
statement
Just and sustainable trade respects planetary boundaries
and promotes wellbeing for all within trade systems.
5 principles
Contributing to wellbeing
Balancing consumption
Practicing accountability across boarders
Reconciling international and local policy-making
Safeguarding the environment

10. improving the
environmental &
social sustainability
of consumption &
production systems

11. Business as
Usual
Monoculture production is still a common practice for most
of the agricultural commodities, leading to habitat
conversion and smallholders at risk in the long term
Actions
Private sector: enable sustainable financing to incentivize
diversification of production systems while putting
mechanisms in place to audit whether supply chains are
“deforestation” free
Public sector: no country can achieve circular trade on its
own; countries must work together to secure affordable and
reliable access to agricultural goods and services
The current linear model of production and consumption is
a substantial driver of pollution, biodiversity loss, climate
change and social injustice.

12. evenly distributing the
costs and benefits of
trade locally and
globally

13. Business as
Usual
Costs and benefits deriving from the production, consumption,
and trade of agricultural commodities are not accounted for by
market prices in international trade
Actions
Private sector: increase transparency and traceability systems
to develop social and green accounting systems for
businesses, so that social and environmental externalities are
internalized by national and international corporate players and
markets
Public sector: design and implement traditional instruments to
redistribute income, resources, welfare, costs, and
opportunities in a truly inclusive and participatory way. This can
include tax and fiscal policies and land reforms.

14. meeting the needs
and aspirations of
smallholder
farmers

15. Business as
Usual
Land insecurity and a lack of long-term financial
investments are the key roadblocks preventing
smallholders in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the
Caribbean from meeting their needs and aspirations in
just and sustainable supply chains.
Actions
Private sector: facilitate access to credits and financing
Public sector: guarantee land rights to smallholders,
including Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities,
particularly women
Women have less access to land, capital and training.

16. How can traceability support
a shift towards just and
sustainable consumption
and production systems?
Julie Sigles Robert
Independent Consultant, Digital Traceability and Sustainable Supply Chains

17. How are the costs and
benefits of trade distributed
along the palm oil supply
chains?
Herry Purnomo
TRADE Hub Indonesia, Scientist and Chairman of the Center for Climate and Sustainable
Financing, University of Indonesia

18. What is needed to improve
trade systems for
smallholders in Cameroon?
Jonas Ngouhouo-Poufoun
TRADE Hub Cameroon and Researcher, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)

19. Q &A

20. Menti
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21. Any
questions? Contact Us!
www.tradehub.earth
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trade@unep-wcmc.org
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@GCRF_TRADE_Hub
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