Road networks are the primary mode of transportation and divide land into patterns to provide paths between destinations. They can be classified based on speed and accessibility. Urban roads include expressways for speedy traffic between major areas, arterial streets for heavy traffic within cities, sub-arterial streets with less traffic, collector streets that funnel traffic to arterials, and local streets for neighborhood access. Common urban road patterns are grid iron networks with perpendicular streets, radial networks with ring roads and radiating streets, and organic patterns that develop irregularly based on needs.

1. ROAD NETWORKS
SHAPES OF PLANS IN ACCORDANCE
TO ROAD NETWORKS

2. INTRODUCTION
• The primary mode of transport from one part to other.
• Divides the landmass into various patterns to provide the best suitable path
between destinations.
• Can be classified in many ways.
• Most common classification is based on speed and accessibility.
• Classifications combine to form a pattern

3. • Expressways
• Arterial Streets
• Sub-Arterial Streets
• Collector’s Streets
• Local Streets
CLASSIFICATION OF URBAN ROADS

4. • For Speedy and heavy traffic.
• Pedestrians not allowed.
• Connect main markets, important places.
• Complete separation of opposite moving traffic by a divider or median.
• Level crossings, sharp curves, steep gradients avoided.
• Telephone facility, Highway Police, Servicing Stations, Refreshment Facility
available at regular intervals.
EXPRESSWAYS

5. • For the heavy/important traffic inside the city.
• Usually along the expressways serving as principal network of traffic flow.
• Join central business district with outside residential areas.
• Parking, loading, unloading prohibited.
• Pedestrians are allowed to cross only at intersections.
ARTERIAL STREETS

6. • Less traffic than arterial streets
• Pedestrians are allowed to cross only at intersections
• Spacing varies from 0.5 km in central business areas to 3 to 5 km in
residential area.
• Parking, loading, unloading usually restricted and controlled
SUB-ARTERIAL STREETS

7. • Meant for collecting the traffic from local streets to arterial streets
• Full access allowed from properties alongside
• Situated in residential, commercial, industrial areas
• Few parking restrictions except for peak hours
COLLECTOR’S STREETS

8. • Open access from residents, business or other properties
• Does not carry large volume of traffic
• Unrestricted parking and pedestrians allowed
LOCAL STREETS

9. URBAN ROAD PATTERNS
VARIOUSTYPES OF ROAD NETWORKS

10. • Streets run at right angles to each other, forming a grid (Grid Iron)
• Typical for cities built after the industrial revolution – emphasis on
economic activity
• Facilitates the movement of people and product throughout the city.
Rectangular/Block Pattern
GRID IRON PATTERN
Advantages
• High accessibility,
• minimum disruption of flow,
• expansion flexibility,
• excellent psychological orientation,
adaptability to level or moderately
rolling terrain.
Disadvantages
• Requires flow hierarchies,
• limited in its adaptability to the
terrain,
• potentially monotonous

11. Eg:- CHANDIGARH

12. • Based on star layout.
• Inner outer ring roads linked by radiating roads.
• Core has the business area.
• Industrial area interspersed within the
residential.
RADIAL NETWORK

13. Eg:- Rajiv Chowk, New Delhi

14. ORGANIC CITY LAYOUT
• Amoebic pattern.
• Roads placed
wherever necessary.
• Lack of acute
pointed angles.
• Parabolic in nature.

15. URBAN ROAD PATTERNS
FUSED ROAD NETWORKS

16. GRID
+
DIAGONAL
Eg:- Broadacre

17. CONCENTRIC + RADIAL

18. GRID
+
IRREGULAR

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