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Demography is the study of human populations and their changes. Population change is influenced by birth rates, death rates, and migration. Demographic transition refers to the historical period when mortality and fertility rates decline from high to low levels in a country or region. Examples given include China's one-child policy to control rapid population growth and Japan's steadily declining population in recent years. Demographic transition affects global population growth by initially allowing populations to increase when death rates fall and birth rates remain high, before both rates eventually decline as well.
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- 2. •DEMOGRAPHY IS THE BRANCH OF SOCIAL SCIENCES CONCERNED WITH THE STUDY OF HUMAN POPULATION.
- 3. THE COMPONENTS OF POPULATION CHANGE: 1. THE ROLE OF BIRTH 2. DEATHS 3. MIGRATION IN POPULATION
- 4. •DEMOGRAPHY TRANSITION IS A SINGULAR HISTORICAL PERIOD DURING WHICH MORTALITY AND FERTILITY RATES DECLINE FROM HIGH TO LOW LEVELS IN A PARTICULAR COUNTRY OR REGION.
- 5. EXAMPLES: 1. ONE-CHILD POLICY, OFFICIAL PROGRAM INITIATED IN THE LATE 1970S AND EARLY ’80S BY THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT OF CHINA.THE POLICY WAS ENACTED TO ADDRESS THE GROWTH RATE OF THE COUNTRY'S POPULATION, WHICH THE GOVERNMENT VIEWED AS BEING TO RAPID.
- 6. 2. THE CURRENT POPULATION OF JAPAN IN 2020 IS 126,476,461, A 0.3% DECLINE FROM 2019. THE POPULATION OF JAPAN IN 2019 WAS 126,860,301, A 0.27% DECLINE FROM 2018. THE POPULATION OF JAPAN IN 2018 WAS 127,202,192, A 0.24% DECLINE FROM 2017. THE POPULATION OF JAPAN IN 2017 WAS 127,502,725, A 0.2% DECLINE FROM 2016.
- 7. HOW DOES DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION AFFECT GLOBAL POPULATION?
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