An expert system is a computer system that uses knowledge and inference procedures to solve complex problems in a specific domain, similarly to a human expert. The document discusses an example of an automatic attendance system that uses RFID technology. It describes the basic components of an RFID-based attendance system, including an RFID reader, RFID cards, a microcontroller, keypad, buzzer, and LCD display. The microcontroller communicates with these components to read RFID tags, compare identities to a database, log attendance, and interface with a computer. When a valid RFID tag is detected, the student's attendance is logged, and an invalid tag triggers the buzzer.

1. Assignment on
Expert System
uses of its Application
Submitted to (Sir Inam Ul Haq )
Submitted By:
Faizan Butt 1043
Zohaib Abbas 1006
BS (Hons.) I.T Morning

2. Definition
Example
Application
Explanation of Application

3. Expert System
Expert system is a computer system that
emulates the decision making ability of a
human expert. Expert systems are
designed to solve complex problems by
reasoning about knowledge. The first
expert systems were created in the 1970s
and then proliferated in the 1980s. Expert
systems were among the first truly
successful forms of Artificial Intelligence
software.

4. Examples:
Automatic Attendance system
Thumb Scanning system
Medical Expert systems
MYCIN
Automatic Door open and close
system

5. Automatic Attendance system
There are many systems used for automatic
attendance like Card scanner, Thumb scanner
and RFID. I will discuss RFID.
RFID:
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
It is a basic software/system that is used for
automatic attendance in school, colleges
and universities etc.

6. Working of RFID:
Basic diagram

7. Basic components of RFID
RFID Reader
RFID cards
Microcontroller
Keypad
Buzzer
Liquid Crystal Display

8. RFID Reader
When RFID tag comes in the range of Reader module,
then RFID reader detects RFID card. And at that time
RFID reader sends out a series of alphanumeric/binary
unique codes on the serial port. So while adding the
employees/student card number in the program
memory. First we need to store this series of
alphanumeric code into program memory and later on
this unique series of codes will be compared with the
incoming card number and show output.

9. RFID Cards
We use normal RFID cards which are of the
size of credit card. These are rectangular
in shape and white in color and can be
attached with the ID-card. Or even we can
use RFID tags which can be attached with
keychain.

10. Microcontroller:
It is the heart of the system. Microcontroller
communicates with all input and output devices. Various
functions of microcontroller are as follows:
1. Displaying clock on LCD
2. Reading input from RFID reader
3. Comparing it with the data
4. Turning on buzzer if the cards does not match
5. Logging/Storing time into memory if cards match
6. Reading input from keypad and adjusting time
according to the keypad entry given by user.
7. Sending data to computer.

11. Keypad:
We use 4 by 1 keypad. It is a simple type
of keypad. It gives low output to
microcontroller when key is pressed. It has
4 keys. Functions of these keys are
Increment, decrement, Enter and Escape.
These are used in Time setting mode.

12. Buzzer:
It is basically a bell. We use 12 volt buzzer
for demonstration purpose. Buzzer will be
turned on for invalid card access.

13. Liquid Crystal Display
It is used to show current time and various
messages. These messages are Invalid
card, Valid card, attendance of student. We
use 16 by 2 alphanumeric display.

14. References
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expert_system
 http://www.powershow.com/view/1d25ef-NWE0N/
 http://
www.ipcas.com/products/image/rfid-ethernet-term
 http://
www.aspensystems.in/rfid-attendance-system.htm
 http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=bkknuGLrfRM
 http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHWWXR2ck94