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RF Power Amplifier Solutions for 5G
The document presents key insights from Paul Hart's presentation at the 5G Technology Summit, highlighting NXP Semiconductors' role in advancing RF power amplifier solutions for 5G technology. It discusses the evolution from 4G to 5G, emphasizing diverse applications, higher performance, and the necessity for improved spectrum management and network architecture. The roadmap outlines NXP's strategies for addressing challenges and enhancing performance through advanced technologies and collaborations in 5G integration.
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RF Power Amplifier Solutions for 5G
- 1. PUBLIC PAUL HART SVP ANDGM OF RADIO FREQUENCY NXP SEMICONDUCTORS 5G TECHNOLOGY SUMMIT SHANGHAI, CHINA JULY 21, 2016 RF POWER AMPLIFIER SOLUTIONS FOR 5G
- 2. PUBLIC1 FAST-TRACK 5G WITHNXP LEADER IN RF, PIONEER IN 5G
- 3. PUBLIC2 Diversity of Applicationson Radio Networks of the Future The end of ‘one size fits all’ solutions LowPower Wireless 2G/3G4GPre 5G 5G Massive MTC Low Power & Small signaling overhead MBB Capacity & Coverage Critical MTC Latency & ReliabilityeMBB Ultra High Capacity mmW RAN Time *eMBB: enhanced Mob BB *MTC: Machine Type Comm
- 4. PUBLIC3 5G: Evolutionary Migration 4G Rel13 Pre 5G Rel 14 5G Rel 15 5G Rel 16+ Mobile Broadband Advanced Mobile Broadband eMBB eMBB + cMTC + mMTC 2016 2017 2018 2019 Carrier Aggregation mMIMO Spectrum expansion Densified networks AppsStandard RAN evolution Drivers for Network evolution Higher performance and capacity applications Mobile HD video Last mile connectivity Connected cars Augmented reality Real time control Machine to machine connectivity Toolkit for RAN evolution Single-User Massive MIMO: advanced antennas with beam steering for improved user experience Multi-User MIMO: Transmit data to multiple users using same frequency resources Intelligent Connectivity: Overlay 4G and 5G resources for smart and efficient routing of data Latency Reduction: Shorten network access time to enable real-time communications Expanded spectrum: capacity augmentation with mm/cm wave spectrum
- 5. PUBLIC4 Radio Network Evolution 20152019 2023 2013 2017 2021 2025 First LTE MU mMIMO deployments in 2017, first 5G MU mMIMO deployments in 2019 More frequency bands @ higher frequency will be added, old bands stay, larger SBW @ higher frequency bands Continuous increase in antenna elements ► lower power per antenna element ► higher level of integration Macro BTS LTE, MIMO 2-8 Tx 10-40 Watt per PA 0.7-2.7 GHz Macro BTS LTE Advanced Pro MU massive MIMO (fully digital) 32-64 Tx 3-5 Watt per PA 2.3-3.8 GHz, TDD Macro BTS 5G MU massive MIMO (fully digital) 64-128 Tx 1-3 Watt per PA 1.8-6.0 GHz, TDD Small Cells LTE, MIMO 2 Tx 100 mW to 10 W per PA 0.7-2.7 GHz Small Cells LTE, MIMO 2-8 Tx 100 mW to 10 W per PA 0.7-6.0 GHz Small Cells: mm-Wave 5G, beam forming, MIMO (hybrid beamforming) 128, 256 and more antennas up to ~100 mW per PA > 6 GHz + < 6 GHz anchor, TDD First LTE MU mMIMO Deployments, 2.6 GHz First 5G Deployments, 3.5 GHz
- 6. PUBLIC5 Pre-5G Adding Higher Frequencies, MoreAntennas, Smaller PAs Waveform: LTE type signals New bands up to 6 GHz, wider channels Improved utilization of channel (spectral efficiency), with need to overcome adverse propagation characteristics MIMO → massive MIMO MIMO takes advantage of multipath propagation More throughput, i.e., more data over the same channel MIMO is already being used as part of 4G (2T, 4T, etc.) Each “TX” will use a single PA The higher the frequency, the higher the order of MIMO More antennas also allow for beamforming Focus energy on defined spatial area 90 92 94 96 98 100 102 104 106 108 110 FSPL(dB) Frequency (Hz) Free Space Path Loss 1,000m 9 dB 5 dB 1 GHz 2.7 GHz 4.5 GHz
- 7. PUBLIC6 RF Components forPre-5G Higher frequency bands Si LDMOS remains the workhorse in current cellular bands III-V expansion (GaN and GaAs) at >3.5GHz Larger parasitic impact require higher level of integration needed Lower transmit power level for mMIMO & small cells Lower supply voltages Smaller PA footprint requirements require higher levels of integration Continually increasing signal bandwidth Continued push for higher efficiency PAs Doherty + DPD still best-in-class Re-evaluate linearization options for mMIMO and small cells Continue research on alternate high η PA technologies 0.6 6 60 2G 3G 4G 5G Frequency (GHz) 2020 | 2010 | 2000 | 1990 | * 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 2G 3G 4G 5G PATransmitPower(W) 1990 2000 2010 2020 * Required expansion of scope Current Focus of RF PA Vendors
- 8. PUBLIC7 5G – cm &mm Wave Challenges and Questions Use cases Massive bandwidth, but poor propagation Indoor vs. outdoor, path loss & building penetration System Architecture Semiconductor technology, interconnects, packaging Monolithic vs. multi-chip integration Beamforming vs. massive MIMO, digital vs. analog vs. hybrid amplitude and phase control Integrated PA/Antenna elements?
- 9. PUBLIC8 5G Integration beyond thePA BB Processor DUC CFR DPD
- 10. PUBLIC9 NXP 5G RoadmapAlignment PA Technology Leadership: Si-LDMOS, Gallium Nitride, Gallium Arsenide, SiGe BiCMOS, Advanced Packaging for Monolithic & Multi-Chip Integration Thought Leadership: Driving 5G system integration L1 functions in radio to reduce optical challenges Pioneering high power integration to meet 5G radio size & cost challenges Collaboration with industry partners to demonstrate new concepts Performance & Quality: Striving to be the industry performance leader with highest total quality System integration is becoming the biggest challenge NXP is building a cohesive roadmap spanning frequency, power and functions – digital and analog
- 11.