Prepared by Sayed Mohsin Reza Part 1 Source Book: Cost Estimation Techniques for Web Projects BOOK AUTHOR: EMILIA MENDES UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND Difference about Web and Software Projects Introduction to Web Cost Estimation Accuracy of an Effort Model? Sizing Web Applications

1. Review on
Cost EstimationTechniques
forWeb Projects
Author: Sayed Mohsin Reza
Part 1

2. Outline
• Web Cost Estimation Principles
• What is Different aboutWeb and Software Projects?
• Introduction toWeb Cost Estimation
• How Accurate is an Effort Model?
• SizingWebApplications
• Techniques for BuildingWeb Cost Models
Review on Cost Estimation Techniques for Web Projects by Sayed Mohsin Reza 2

3. Outline
• Web Effort Estimation Using RegressionAnalysis..
• Web Effort Estimation Using Case-Based Reasoning
• Web Effort Estimation Using Classification and RegressionTrees
• What is the BestTechnique
• How to ImproveYour Company’s Effort Estimation Practices
• An Introduction to Statistics
• Understanding Project Data
• The Need for EmpiricalWeb Engineering: An Introduction
Review on Cost Estimation Techniques for Web Projects by Sayed Mohsin Reza 3

4. Objective/ Purpose
• The objective of this book is therefore to provide Web companies,
researchers, and students with the necessary knowledge onWeb effort and
cost estimation.
• It includes step-by-step guidelines on how to use and compare several effort
estimation techniques, which may considerably help companies improve
their current effort estimation practices, and help researchers and students
understand the process that needs to be carried out to estimate
development effort
Review on Cost Estimation Techniques for Web Projects by Sayed Mohsin Reza 4

5. Different about Web and Software Projects?
• Application Characteristics and Availability
• Technology and Architecture
• Quality Drivers
• Information Structuring, Design, and Maintenance
• Disciplines and People Involved in Development
• Stakeholders
• Legal, Social, and Ethical Issues
Review on Cost Estimation Techniques for Web Projects by Sayed Mohsin Reza 5

6. Introduction toWeb Cost Estimation
• Effort estimation enables companies to know beforehand and before implementing an application the
amount of effort required to develop the application on time and within budget.
• Main goal is to understand the project variables that may affect effort prediction to estimate the web cost
of a project.
• Several mechanisms were established to understand the project variables. Some of are –
• Expert-based estimation
• Algorithmic-based estimation
• artificial-intelligence techniques
Review on Cost Estimation Techniques for Web Projects by Sayed Mohsin Reza 6

7. Accuracy of an Effort Model
• process to measure prediction accuracy
Measuring the predictive accuracy of an effort estimation model m or technique t is a four-step
process -
• Step 1: Split the original data set into two subsets: validation and training.
• Step 2: Use the remaining projects (training subset) to build an effort estimation model m.
can be used explicit model (e.g., case-based reasoning)
• Step 3: Apply model m to each project pn to pq, and obtain estimated effort.
• Step 4: Once estimated effort and accuracy statistics for pn to pq have been attained,
aggregated accuracy statistics can be computed, which provide an overall assessment
Review on Cost Estimation Techniques for Web Projects by Sayed Mohsin Reza 7

8. Accuracy of an Effort Model [cont.]
• Several datasets are used to simulate a situation where aWeb company has a subset of new
projects
• Measuring Effort Prediction Accuracy
• magnitude of relative error (MRE)
• MRE =
| 𝑒− 𝑒 |
𝑒
• mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE)
• MMRE =
1
𝑛 𝑖=1
𝑛 | 𝑒− 𝑒 |
𝑒
• Cross-Validation
• The splitting of a data set into training and validation sets is also known as cross validation
Review on Cost Estimation Techniques for Web Projects by Sayed Mohsin Reza 8

9. SizingWeb Applications
Review on Cost Estimation Techniques for Web Projects by Sayed Mohsin Reza 9
One of the survey showed some Web measures taxonomy
Second survey is about Web quality model (WQM). It is
structured based on three orthogonal dimensions.
 Web features
 Web life-cycle processes
 Web quality characteristics
Figure: Web measures taxonomy

10. Size MeasuresTaxonomy
• Motivation
• Harvesting time
• Measure foundation
• Problem-orientated measure:
• Solution-orientated measure
• Class
• Length
• Functionality
• Complexity
• Entity
Review on Cost Estimation Techniques for Web Projects by Sayed Mohsin Reza 10
• Measurement scale type
• Nominal
• ordinal
• interval
• ratio
• absolute
• Computation
• Page count
• Connectivity:
• Connectivity density
• Validation
• Model dependency

11. Continue
Coming Soon Review on Cost EstimationTechniques forWeb Projects [Part 2]
Review on Cost Estimation Techniques for Web Projects by Sayed Mohsin Reza 11