Respond on two different days who selected different alterations and factors than you, in one or more of the following ways: Share insights on how the factor you selected impacts the cardiovascular alteration your colleague selected. Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own research in the Walden Library. Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research. Main Post The purpose of this paper is to explore coronary artery disease (CAD), the roles of hypertension and dyslipidemia affect CAD, and exploring if genetics is a factor in CAD. The progression of CAD can lead to myocardial ischemia, infarction, and even death if left untreated. Heart disease remains the number one cause of death in the United States, and understanding these factors plays a continued role in developing strategies, both preventive and treatment efforts.                                                 Coronary Artery Disease  CAD is normally the result of atherosclerosis, the build-up of plaque due to damaged endothelium that allows fat to accumulate and decrease the diameter of the vessel. The decrease in vessel size allows for blockage and decreased blood flow to the coronary vessel; this leads to ischemia, where the cells are deprived of blood and begin the process of dying if left untreated. Persistent ischemia or the complete occlusion of a coronary artery causes the acute coronary syndromes, including infarction, or irreversible myocardial damage (Huether & McCance, 2017). Also, known as a heart attack or myocardial infarction (MI). Fortunately, the incidence and mortality statistics for CAD have been decreasing over the past 15 years because of more aggressive recognition, prevention, and treatment (Huether & McCance, 2017).                           Hypertension’s Role in Coronary Artery Disease  Hypertension is a consistent elevation of systemic arterial blood pressure (Huether & McCance, 2017).  Fortunately, hypertension a key factor in CAD is modifiable and can be monitored closely to prevent further disease progression. Hypertension is common; it ranks as the number one primary diagnosis in America. Pathophysiological mechanisms of blood pressure as a risk factor for CAD are complex and include the influence of blood pressure as a physical force on the development of the atherosclerotic plaque, and the relationship between pulsatile hemodynamics/arterial stiffness and coronary perfusion (Weber et al., 2016). The presence of hypertension further increases the risk of CAD and may explain why some individuals are more predisposed than others to developing coronary events (Rosendorff et al., 2015). Pathophysiological mechanisms of blood pressure as a risk factor for CAD are complex and include the influence of blood pressure as a physical force on the development of the atherosclerotic plaque, and the relationship between pulsatile hemodynamics/arterial stiffness and coronary perfus ...

1. Respond on two different days who selected different
alterations and factors than you, in one or more of the following
ways:
Share insights on how the factor you selected impacts the
cardiovascular alteration your colleague selected.
Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings
from the classroom or from your own research in the Walden
Library.
Validate an idea with your own experience and additional
research.
Main Post
The purpose of this paper is to explore coronary artery disease
(CAD), the roles of hypertension and dyslipidemia affect CAD,
and exploring if genetics is a factor in CAD. The progression of
CAD can lead to myocardial ischemia, infarction, and even
death if left untreated. Heart disease remains the number one
cause of death in the United States, and understanding these
factors plays a continued role in developing strategies, both
preventive and treatment efforts.
Coronary Artery Disease
CAD is normally the result of atherosclerosis, the build-up of
plaque due to damaged endothelium that allows fat to
accumulate and decrease the diameter of the vessel. The
decrease in vessel size allows for blockage and decreased blood

2. flow to the coronary vessel; this leads to ischemia, where the
cells are deprived of blood and begin the process of dying if left
untreated. Persistent ischemia or the complete occlusion of a
coronary artery causes the acute coronary syndromes, including
infarction, or irreversible myocardial
damage (Huether & McCance, 2017). Also, known as a heart
attack or myocardial infarction (MI). Fortunately, the incidence
and mortality statistics for CAD have been decreasing over the
past 15 years because of more aggressive recognition,
prevention, and treatment (Huether & McCance, 2017).
Hypertension’s Role in Coronary Artery
Disease
Hypertension is a consistent elevation of systemic arterial blood
pressure (Huether & McCance, 2017). Fortunately,
hypertension a key factor in CAD is modifiable and can be
monitored closely to prevent further disease progression.
Hypertension is common; it ranks as the number one primary
diagnosis in America. Pathophysiological mechanisms of blood
pressure as a risk factor for CAD are complex and include the
influence of blood pressure as a physical force on the
development of the atherosclerotic plaque, and the relationship
between pulsatile hemodynamics/arterial stiffness and coronary
perfusion (Weber et al., 2016). The presence of hypertension
further increases the risk of CAD and may explain why some
individuals are more predisposed than others to developing
coronary events (Rosendorff et al.,
2015). Pathophysiological mechanisms of blood pressure as
a risk factor for CAD are complex and include the influence of
blood pressure as a physical force on the development of the
atherosclerotic plaque, and the relationship between
pulsatile hemodynamics/arterial stiffness and coronary
perfusion (Weber et al., 2016). Hypertension, when diagnosed
early, can be treated accordingly, decreasing the opportunity for
the role of exacerbation of CAD.

3. Dyslipidemia’s Role in Coronary Artery Disease
Huether & McCance (2017) define dyslipidemia as an abnormal
concentration of serum lipoproteins, the result of genetic and
dietary factors. The hardening aspect of this disease is the result
of cholesterol deposits in the vessel, which decrease elasticity
and make the vessel wall stiff (Marsh & Rizzo, 2019). The
elevation of lipoproteins creates a narrowing of the vessel
diameter, which in turn decreases blood flow to arteries.
When dyslipidemia occurs in the coronary arteries, the
decreased blood flow can lead to ischemia or infarct, depending
on the size of the blockage. Controlling the progression of the
disease is important, modifying lifestyle habits; diet and
physical activity can help to prevent further complications.
Medications are also available to keep lipid levels balanced.
Genetics Affects of Risk Factors in Coronary Artery Disease
Dyslipidemia is known as a heritable risk factor for CAD;
patients with a family history should inform their practitioner to
manage the disease process in the early state. Plasma lipids and
lipoproteins are heritable risk factors for CAD, with
heritability estimates ranging from 40% to 60%
(Tada, Kawashiri, & Yamagishi, 2017). The best treatment is
prevention, knowing a patient’s family history is paramount in
controlling the lipid levels and keeping them at rates that will
prevent CAD. Monitoring labs and dietary modifications assist
those with family history and can avoid the progression of
CAD.
Conclusion
Cardiovascular disease is still the leading cause of premature
death world-wide with factors like abdominal obesity,
hypertension and dyslipidemia being central risk factors in the

4. etiology (Lidin, Hellénius, Rydell-Karlsson, & Ekblom-Bak,
2018). Hypertension and dyslipidemia both can accelerate the
development of CAD. Fortunately, both factors are modifiable
and are manageable by lifestyle modifications. Genetics plays a
role in both hypertension and dyslipidemia; obtaining an
accurate family history allows for early monitoring and
controlling the modifiable factors, diet, and physical activity
can keep both hypertension and dyslipidemia well controlled.
References
Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L.
(2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis,
MO: Mosby.
Lidin, M., Hellénius, M.-L., Rydell-Karlsson, M., & Ekblom-
Bak, E. (2018). Long-term effects on cardiovascular risk of a
structured multidisciplinary lifestyle program in clinical
practice. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 18(1), 59. https://doi-
org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0792-6
Marsh, C. C. . P. D., & Rizzo, C., MD. (2019).
Hypertension. Magill’s Medical Guide (Online Edition).
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Rosendorff, C., Lackland, D. T., Allison, M., Aronow, W. S.,
Black, H. R., Blumenthal, R. S., … White, W. B. (2015).
Treatment of hypertension in patients with coronary artery
disease: A scientific statement from the American Heart
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Society of Hypertension. Journal of the American Society of

5. Hypertension, 9(6), 453–498. https://doi-
org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.jash.2015.03.002
Tada, H., Kawashiri, M., & Yamagishi, M. (2017). Clinical
Perspectives of Genetic Analyses on Dyslipidemia and Coronary
Artery Disease. Journal of Atherosclerosis and
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Weber, T., Lang, I., Zweiker, R., Horn, S., Wenzel, R.
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