Lymphatic SYSTEM
The lymphatic system involves an extensive network of vessels that passes through almost all our tissues to allow for the movement of a fluid called… lymph.
Since the lymphatic system does not have a heart to pump it, its upward movement depends on the motions of the muscle and joint pumps.
There are about 600 lymph nodes in the body. These nodes swell in response to infection, due to a build-up of lymph fluid, bacteria, or other organisms.
A person with a throat infection, for example, may feel that their "glands" are swollen.
Swollen glands can be felt especially under the jaw, in the armpits, or in the groin area.
Swollen glands can be felt especially under the jaw, in the armpits, or in the groin area. These are, in fact, not glands but lymph nodes.
Fast facts about the lymphatic system
The lymphatic system plays a key role in immunity, fluid balance, and absorption of fats and fat-soluble nutrients.
The lymph nodes swell in response to infection, due to a build-up of lymph fluid, bacteria, or other organisms and immune system cells.
If lymph nodes remain swollen, if they are hard and rubbery, and if there are other symptoms, you should see a doctor.
The lymphatic system has three main functions:
It maintains the balance of fluid between the blood and tissues, known as fluid homeostasis.
It forms part of the body's immune system and helps defend against bacteria and other intruders.
It facilitates absorption of fats and fat-soluble nutrients in the digestive system.
BLOOD PLASMA
The lymphatic system consists of lymph vessels, ducts, nodes, and other tissues.
Around 2 liters of fluid leak from the cardiovascular system into body tissues every day. The lymphatic system is a network of vessels that collect these fluids, or lymph. Lymph is a clear fluid that is derived from blood plasma.
The lymph vessels form a network of branches that reach most of the body's tissues. They work in a similar way to the blood vessels.
The lymph vessels work with the veins to return fluid from the tissues.
The lymph vessels work with the veins to return fluid from the tissues.
Unlike blood, the lymphatic fluid is not pumped but squeezed through the vessels when we use our muscles.
Lymph is drained progressively towards larger vessels until it reaches the two main channels, the lymphatic ducts in our trunk.
In the lymph nodes, immune cells assess for foreign material, such as bacteria, viruses, or fungus.
Lymphatic SYSTEM
The lymphatic system involves an extensive network of vessels that passes through almost all our tissues to allow for the movement of a fluid called… lymph.
Since the lymphatic system does not have a heart to pump it, its upward movement depends on the motions of the muscle and joint pumps.
There are about 600 lymph nodes in the body. These nodes swell in response to infection, due to a build-up of lymph fluid, bacteria, or other organisms.
A person with a throat infection, for example, may feel that their "glands" are swollen.
Swollen glands can be felt especially under the jaw, in the armpits, or in the groin area.
Swollen glands can be felt especially under the jaw, in the armpits, or in the groin area. These are, in fact, not glands but lymph nodes.
Fast facts about the lymphatic system
The lymphatic system plays a key role in immunity, fluid balance, and absorption of fats and fat-soluble nutrients.
The lymph nodes swell in response to infection, due to a build-up of lymph fluid, bacteria, or other organisms and immune system cells.
If lymph nodes remain swollen, if they are hard and rubbery, and if there are other symptoms, you should see a doctor.
The lymphatic system has three main functions:
It maintains the balance of fluid between the blood and tissues, known as fluid homeostasis.
It forms part of the body's immune system and helps defend against bacteria and other intruders.
It facilitates absorption of fats and fat-soluble nutrients in the digestive system.
BLOOD PLASMA
The lymphatic system consists of lymph vessels, ducts, nodes, and other tissues.
Around 2 liters of fluid leak from the cardiovascular system into body tissues every day. The lymphatic system is a network of vessels that collect these fluids, or lymph. Lymph is a clear fluid that is derived from blood plasma.
The lymph vessels form a network of branches that reach most of the body's tissues. They work in a similar way to the blood vessels.
The lymph vessels work with the veins to return fluid from the tissues.
The lymph vessels work with the veins to return fluid from the tissues.
Unlike blood, the lymphatic fluid is not pumped but squeezed through the vessels when we use our muscles.
Lymph is drained progressively towards larger vessels until it reaches the two main channels, the lymphatic ducts in our trunk.
In the lymph nodes, immune cells assess for foreign material, such as bacteria, viruses, or fungus.
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Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
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The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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2. What is Human Respiration?
The human respiratory system allows one to
obtain oxygen, eliminate carbon dioxide.
Breathing consists of two phases, inspiration
and expiration
Inspiration- the process of taking in air
Expiration- the process of blowing out air
4. Organs in the Respiratory System
STRUCTURE FUNCTION
nose / nasal cavity
warms, moistens, & filters air as it is
inhaled
pharynx (throat) passageway for air, leads to trachea
larynx
the voice box, where vocal chords are
located
trachea (windpipe)
keeps the windpipe "open"
trachea is lined with fine hairs called
cilia which filter air before it reaches the
lungs
bronchi
two branches at the end of the trachea,
each lead to a lung
bronchioles
a network of smaller branches leading from
the bronchi into the lung tissue &
ultimately to air sacs
alveoli
the functional respiratory units in the lung
where gases are exchanged
6. Upper Respiratory Tract Functions
Passageway for respiration
Receptors for smell
Filters incoming air to filter larger foreign
material
Moistens and warms incoming air
Resonating chambers for voice
8. Lower Respiratory Tract
Functions:
Larynx: maintains an open airway, routes food
and air appropriately, assists in sound production
Trachea: transports air to and from lungs
Bronchi: branch into lungs
Lungs: transport air to alveoli for gas exchange
13. Malfunctions & Diseases of the Respiratory System
asthma
severe allergic reaction
characterized by the
constriction of bronchioles
bronchitis
inflammation of the lining of
the bronchioles
emphysema
condition in which the alveoli
deteriorate, causing the lungs
to lose their elasticity
pneumonia
condition in which the alveoli
become filled with fluid,
preventing the exchange of
gases
lung cancer
irregular & uncontrolled
growth of tumors in the lung
tissue
14. Four Respiration Processes
Breathing (ventilation): air in to and out of
lungs
External respiration: gas exchange
between air and blood
Internal respiration: gas exchange
between blood and tissues
Cellular respiration: oxygen use to produce
ATP, carbon dioxide as waste