Respiratory medications
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Bronchodilators work by dilating the airways and relaxing smooth muscle. They are used to treat conditions like asthma, COPD, and bronchospasm. Common side effects include palpitations, tachycardia, headaches, and dry mouth. When administering bronchodilators, nurses monitor for cardiac issues and assess lung and breathing sounds. Patients are instructed on proper use and monitoring of their medications and symptoms.
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Drugs acting on the Respiratory System
This document discusses pharmacology of drugs acting on the respiratory system, including asthmatics, antitussives, and pentoxyverine. It provides details on the uses, dosages, mechanisms of action, side effects, and pharmacokinetics of salbutamol and pentoxyverine. Salbutamol is a bronchodilator used to treat asthma, while pentoxyverine is an antitussive cough suppressant commonly used for cough associated with illnesses like the common cold. Both drugs act in the central nervous system to suppress cough and relax airways, though they also have other mechanisms of action and potential side effects that require consideration.
Pharmacology Respiratory Drugs
The document discusses several classes of drugs used to treat respiratory conditions:
1) Antihistamines are used to treat allergic conditions by blocking histamine. First generation causes more side effects like sedation.
2) Antitussives suppress cough reflex. Benzonatate and codeine are examples.
3) Bronchodilators like xanthines and beta-agonists open constricted airways. Theophylline is a xanthine that stimulates respiration but needs monitoring to avoid toxicity.
4) Expectorants and mucolytics help clear secretions by loosening mucus. Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic.
5) Drugs for
Presentation 7
This document discusses 3 types of respiratory drugs - mucolytics, bronchodilators, and corticosteroids. Mucolytics thin mucus making it easier to cough up, bronchodilators relax airways to improve breathing, and corticosteroids reduce inflammation. Side effects of these drugs include upset stomach, difficulty breathing, and dry mouth. The document provides details on short and long-acting versions of bronchodilators and systemic, oral, and injectable forms of corticosteroids and the conditions each type treats.
Respiratory Drugs
The document discusses respiratory drugs used to treat bronchial asthma. It describes the pathogenesis of asthma and mechanisms of different drug classes including bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory agents, and other drugs. Bronchodilators like beta-2 agonists, methylxanthines, and antimuscarinics work to relax airway smooth muscle. Corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory drugs reduce airway inflammation. Newer targeted therapies also show promise in treating asthma.
Pharmacology Respiratory Drugs
The document discusses several classes of drugs used to treat respiratory conditions:
1) Antihistamines are used to treat allergies and inflammation by blocking histamine. First generation types cause more sedation.
2) Antitussives suppress cough reflexes. Benzonatate and codeine are examples.
3) Bronchodilators like albuterol and ipratropium open airways for COPD/asthma. Xanthines like theophylline also dilate airways and vessels.
4) Expectorants and mucolytics thin mucus to ease coughing up secretions. Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic.
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NurseReview.Org - Bronchodilators Updates (ati pharmacology topic descriptors)
Visit NurseReview.Org for more medical / nursing slides that will surely help you in your nle, nclex and cgfns exams
Respi drugs
The document discusses various drugs used to treat respiratory conditions, including antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and bronchodilators. It describes the mechanisms of action, indications, and side effects of these drug classes. Nursing implications are provided for safely administering these respiratory medications and monitoring their effects.
Respiratory pharmacology satya xp
The document discusses the respiratory system and drugs used to treat respiratory diseases like asthma. It provides facts about the respiratory system and describes different types of asthma. It then summarizes various drug classes used to treat asthma, including beta-2 agonists, corticosteroids, leukotriene receptor antagonists, mast cell stabilizers, and monoclonal antibody therapy. The drugs discussed provide bronchodilation and reduce inflammation in the respiratory tract.
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Drugs acting on the Respiratory System
This document discusses pharmacology of drugs acting on the respiratory system, including asthmatics, antitussives, and pentoxyverine. It provides details on the uses, dosages, mechanisms of action, side effects, and pharmacokinetics of salbutamol and pentoxyverine. Salbutamol is a bronchodilator used to treat asthma, while pentoxyverine is an antitussive cough suppressant commonly used for cough associated with illnesses like the common cold. Both drugs act in the central nervous system to suppress cough and relax airways, though they also have other mechanisms of action and potential side effects that require consideration.
Pharmacology Respiratory Drugs
The document discusses several classes of drugs used to treat respiratory conditions:
1) Antihistamines are used to treat allergic conditions by blocking histamine. First generation causes more side effects like sedation.
2) Antitussives suppress cough reflex. Benzonatate and codeine are examples.
3) Bronchodilators like xanthines and beta-agonists open constricted airways. Theophylline is a xanthine that stimulates respiration but needs monitoring to avoid toxicity.
4) Expectorants and mucolytics help clear secretions by loosening mucus. Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic.
5) Drugs for
Presentation 7
This document discusses 3 types of respiratory drugs - mucolytics, bronchodilators, and corticosteroids. Mucolytics thin mucus making it easier to cough up, bronchodilators relax airways to improve breathing, and corticosteroids reduce inflammation. Side effects of these drugs include upset stomach, difficulty breathing, and dry mouth. The document provides details on short and long-acting versions of bronchodilators and systemic, oral, and injectable forms of corticosteroids and the conditions each type treats.
Respiratory Drugs
The document discusses respiratory drugs used to treat bronchial asthma. It describes the pathogenesis of asthma and mechanisms of different drug classes including bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory agents, and other drugs. Bronchodilators like beta-2 agonists, methylxanthines, and antimuscarinics work to relax airway smooth muscle. Corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory drugs reduce airway inflammation. Newer targeted therapies also show promise in treating asthma.
Pharmacology Respiratory Drugs
The document discusses several classes of drugs used to treat respiratory conditions:
1) Antihistamines are used to treat allergies and inflammation by blocking histamine. First generation types cause more sedation.
2) Antitussives suppress cough reflexes. Benzonatate and codeine are examples.
3) Bronchodilators like albuterol and ipratropium open airways for COPD/asthma. Xanthines like theophylline also dilate airways and vessels.
4) Expectorants and mucolytics thin mucus to ease coughing up secretions. Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic.
5
NurseReview.Org - Bronchodilators Updates (ati pharmacology topic descriptors)
Visit NurseReview.Org for more medical / nursing slides that will surely help you in your nle, nclex and cgfns exams
Respi drugs
The document discusses various drugs used to treat respiratory conditions, including antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and bronchodilators. It describes the mechanisms of action, indications, and side effects of these drug classes. Nursing implications are provided for safely administering these respiratory medications and monitoring their effects.
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The document discusses the respiratory system and drugs used to treat respiratory diseases like asthma. It provides facts about the respiratory system and describes different types of asthma. It then summarizes various drug classes used to treat asthma, including beta-2 agonists, corticosteroids, leukotriene receptor antagonists, mast cell stabilizers, and monoclonal antibody therapy. The drugs discussed provide bronchodilation and reduce inflammation in the respiratory tract.
Drugs Affecting Respiratory System
The document discusses drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like the common cold, allergies, asthma, and COPD. It describes the actions and side effects of various antihistamines (sedating like Benadryl and non-sedating like Claritin), decongestants, expectorants, bronchodilators like albuterol, leukotriene inhibitors like Singulair, and inhaled or oral corticosteroids. Treatment approaches are outlined for varying severities of asthma using these drug classes in a stepwise approach. COPD treatments include long-acting bronchodilators, anticholinergics like Atrovent, and oral medications like Theophylline.
Respiratory pharmacology
This document discusses respiratory pharmacology and drugs used to treat disorders of the respiratory system. It begins with an overview of the respiratory system and process of respiration. The main focus is on pharmacotherapy for bronchial asthma, including bronchodilators like beta-2 agonists, methylxanthines, muscarinic receptor antagonists, and corticosteroids. Other topics covered include mast cell stabilizers, treatment of status asthmaticus, anti-tussives, decongestants, bronchitis, and treatment of the common cold.
5. drugs acting in respiratory system
This document discusses drugs that act on the respiratory system. It covers categories like anti-tussives, expectorants, and drugs for conditions like asthma and tuberculosis. It describes the mechanisms and types of cough, including productive and non-productive cough. It then examines the mechanisms, classifications, and examples of different drug classes for treating cough and related conditions, including anti-tussives like codeine; expectorants that liquefy secretions; mucolytics; antihistamines; bronchodilators; and demulcents for the throat. It notes important considerations like adverse effects and contraindications for these drug classes.
Respiratory Drugs
Mucolytic drugs like Mucomyst work by breaking bonds in mucus to decrease its viscosity, making it easier to clear. It is used for abnormal thick mucus and to prevent acetaminophen toxicity. Expectorants also make mucus easier to clear by reducing adhesiveness. Decongestants constrict blood vessels to reduce nasal congestion from infections or allergies. Antitussives suppress coughing. Antihistamines block histamine receptors to relieve allergy symptoms. Bronchodilators relax airways to relieve asthma symptoms. Corticosteroids reduce inflammation for asthma or COPD.
Bronchodilators
This document summarizes different classes of drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma and COPD. It discusses bronchodilators including xanthine derivatives, beta agonists, and anticholinergics. It also covers anti-leukotrienes, corticosteroids, and mast cell stabilizers. For each class, it describes the mechanism of action, effects, uses, and important nursing considerations.
Drugs acting on respiratory system
This document discusses drugs used to treat respiratory diseases like asthma. It begins by describing the clinical features and pathophysiology of asthma, which involves chronic airway inflammation and bronchospasm due to release of mediators from mast cells. Drugs used to treat asthma are classified as bronchodilators or anti-inflammatories. Bronchodilators work by relaxing airway smooth muscle through stimulation of beta-2 receptors or inhibition of muscarinic receptors. Corticosteroids are the most important anti-inflammatory drugs for long-term asthma control by suppressing the inflammatory process in the airways. The document then focuses on specific bronchodilator drugs like epinephrine, isoproterenol, and beta
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This document discusses the pharmacology of various drugs used to treat respiratory diseases like asthma and COPD. It begins by describing asthma as a recurrent and reversible shortness of breath caused by bronchospasm, inflammation, and mucus production. It then outlines categories of asthma and defines COPD. The rest of the document summarizes different classes of drugs used to treat these conditions, including long-term controllers, quick relievers, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, mast cell stabilizers, and other respiratory agents. For each class, it discusses mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and nursing implications.
Emt bronchodilators
Bronchodilators are medications that work by stimulating beta-2 receptor sites to relax airway smooth muscle, dilate the airways, and lower resistance to airflow, helping to decrease respiratory effort. Common bronchodilators include albuterol, metaproterenol, isoetharine, bitolterol mesylate, and salmeterol xinafoate, which are supplied in metered-dose inhalers or nebulizers to treat shortness of breath, wheezing, and other symptoms in patients who are not at their maximum medication dose from their personal inhaler.
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This document discusses bronchodilators and their role in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It notes that bronchodilators are the mainstay of pharmacological COPD therapy and can improve symptoms, exercise tolerance, and reduce exacerbations. Both short-acting and long-acting bronchodilators are used, with short-acting for rescue of symptoms and long-acting as maintenance therapy. Common classes of bronchodilators include beta-agonists, anticholinergics, and methylxanthines. Combining different classes of bronchodilators can provide better efficacy than increasing the dose of a single agent.
Respiratory drugs
This document summarizes different drugs used to treat asthma and related conditions. It discusses:
1) Cromolyn sodium and nedocromil, which are used prophylactically to inhibit mast cell mediator release and reduce exercise-induced asthma symptoms. Side effects include throat irritation.
2) Methylxanthines like theophylline which work by inhibiting phosphodiesterases, relaxing smooth muscle. They have various effects in the body and drug interactions can affect metabolism.
3) Beta-agonists which are short or long-acting and work by binding beta receptors to relax airways. Corticosteroids are also discussed which reduce inflammation in asthma.
LLU Respiratory Pharmacology Review Podcast 2013
This document summarizes the pathophysiology and treatment of respiratory conditions like asthma, COPD, and pulmonary hypertension. It describes asthma as widespread reversible narrowing of airways due to increased bronchial responsiveness and inflammation. Treatment depends on timing and includes short-acting beta-agonists for acute relief and inhaled corticosteroids for chronic inflammation reduction. Beta-agonists, methylxanthines, anti-muscarinics, leukotriene inhibitors, and corticosteroids are discussed as primary asthma therapies. COPD treatment focuses on bronchodilators and corticosteroids for severe cases. Pulmonary hypertension can be treated with prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists, or phosphodiesterase
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This document discusses drug therapy and administration methods for asthma. It describes various drug classes used to treat asthma, including β2 agonists, corticosteroids, leukotriene modifiers, and others. It outlines administration routes, devices, and techniques for delivering asthma medications via inhalers, nebulizers, and orally. Side effects of different drug classes are also summarized. Methods for studying the effects of bronchoconstrictors and bronchodilators on isolated guinea pig trachea are then outlined.
Respiratory stimulants
This document summarizes respiratory stimulants, also known as analeptics, which stimulate respiration and can help restore consciousness in coma or fainting patients. It discusses four main drugs - doxapram, prethcamide, nikethamide, and almitrine - and their mechanisms of action, effects, uses, and side effects. Doxapram is a short-acting drug that acts on the central nervous system to increase tidal volume and respiratory rate. Prethcamide and nikethamide also stimulate peripheral chemoreceptors and respiratory centers. Almitrine enhances respiration by acting on peripheral chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies.
PHARMA- DRUGS FOR RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
The document discusses various drugs used for treating conditions affecting the upper respiratory tract such as cough, nasal congestion, and allergies. It covers categories of drugs like antitussives, decongestants, antihistamines, expectorants, and mucolytics. It also discusses the actions, indications, cautions, adverse effects and nursing considerations for drugs in each category.
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This document discusses various respiratory agents used to treat respiratory diseases. It begins by introducing respiratory agents and their forms of administration. It then categorizes respiratory agents and discusses each category in further detail, including anti-asthmatic drugs, mucoactive agents, drugs for cough, and antibiotics. For anti-asthmatic drugs, it describes subclasses like bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory drugs, antihistamines, leukotriene inhibitors, and anti-IgE drugs. It provides examples, mechanisms of action, uses, side effects and nursing responsibilities for many of the discussed respiratory agents.
8.drugs affecting on respiratory system
1. The document discusses drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma. It describes different classes of drugs including bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory steroids, mast cell stabilizers, leukotriene pathway inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies.
2. Bronchodilators like beta-2 agonists and anticholinergics work to relax airway smooth muscle and provide quick relief from bronchoconstriction. Anti-inflammatory steroids have multiple mechanisms but work to reduce inflammation in the airways.
3. Mast cell stabilizers like cromolyn sodium inhibit the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells to prevent allergic responses while leukotriene inhibitors block the leukotriene
Drugs affecting respiratory system
The document discusses drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like the common cold, asthma, and COPD. It describes the actions and side effects of various classes of drugs including antihistamines, decongestants, expectorants, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and others. Treatment approaches are outlined for different severities of asthma using a stepwise approach beginning with short-acting bronchodilators and progressing to inhaled corticosteroids, long-acting bronchodilators, oral corticosteroids, and IV corticosteroids as needed.
Respiratory system pharmacology
This document summarizes information about the respiratory system pharmacology, focusing on bronchial asthma and cough remedies. It defines bronchial asthma as a common chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by variable and recurring symptoms of reversible airflow obstruction and bronchospasm. It then discusses asthma symptoms, treatment including first aid and drugs like bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory medications like corticosteroids, leukotriene antagonists, and mast cell stabilizers. The document also defines cough remedies and discusses treatment of productive coughs with mucolytics and expectorants and dry coughs with antitussives like narcotic cough suppressants, antihistamines, and demulcents.
Respiratory Diseases
This document summarizes disorders of the respiratory system including respiratory infections, asthma, laryngitis, bronchitis, strep throat, pneumonia, emphysema, and tuberculosis. Respiratory infections can affect the upper or lower respiratory tract and are caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. The respiratory tract is protected by defense mechanisms but smoking and viruses can weaken these defenses. Common respiratory infections include the common cold caused by rhinoviruses and influenza. Asthma involves reversible airway obstruction from inflammation. Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that can be treated with antibiotics. Emphysema and tuberculosis are also chronic lung diseases discussed.
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The document provides an overview of the human respiratory system and common respiratory diseases and treatments. It describes the pathway of air through the nasal passages, pharynx, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles to the alveoli. Diseases discussed include pneumonia, asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis and COPD. Cystic fibrosis and lung cancer are also mentioned. Common medications for respiratory issues include antibiotics for bacterial infections, bronchodilators like albuterol to open airways, and antihistamines to reduce itching from conditions like eczema. A variety of treatment types are available depending on the specific condition and symptoms.
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The document discusses drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like the common cold, allergies, asthma, and COPD. It describes the actions and side effects of various antihistamines (sedating like Benadryl and non-sedating like Claritin), decongestants, expectorants, bronchodilators like albuterol, leukotriene inhibitors like Singulair, and inhaled or oral corticosteroids. Treatment approaches are outlined for varying severities of asthma using these drug classes in a stepwise approach. COPD treatments include long-acting bronchodilators, anticholinergics like Atrovent, and oral medications like Theophylline.
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This document discusses respiratory pharmacology and drugs used to treat disorders of the respiratory system. It begins with an overview of the respiratory system and process of respiration. The main focus is on pharmacotherapy for bronchial asthma, including bronchodilators like beta-2 agonists, methylxanthines, muscarinic receptor antagonists, and corticosteroids. Other topics covered include mast cell stabilizers, treatment of status asthmaticus, anti-tussives, decongestants, bronchitis, and treatment of the common cold.
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This document discusses drugs that act on the respiratory system. It covers categories like anti-tussives, expectorants, and drugs for conditions like asthma and tuberculosis. It describes the mechanisms and types of cough, including productive and non-productive cough. It then examines the mechanisms, classifications, and examples of different drug classes for treating cough and related conditions, including anti-tussives like codeine; expectorants that liquefy secretions; mucolytics; antihistamines; bronchodilators; and demulcents for the throat. It notes important considerations like adverse effects and contraindications for these drug classes.
Respiratory Drugs
Mucolytic drugs like Mucomyst work by breaking bonds in mucus to decrease its viscosity, making it easier to clear. It is used for abnormal thick mucus and to prevent acetaminophen toxicity. Expectorants also make mucus easier to clear by reducing adhesiveness. Decongestants constrict blood vessels to reduce nasal congestion from infections or allergies. Antitussives suppress coughing. Antihistamines block histamine receptors to relieve allergy symptoms. Bronchodilators relax airways to relieve asthma symptoms. Corticosteroids reduce inflammation for asthma or COPD.
Bronchodilators
This document summarizes different classes of drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma and COPD. It discusses bronchodilators including xanthine derivatives, beta agonists, and anticholinergics. It also covers anti-leukotrienes, corticosteroids, and mast cell stabilizers. For each class, it describes the mechanism of action, effects, uses, and important nursing considerations.
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This document discusses drugs used to treat respiratory diseases like asthma. It begins by describing the clinical features and pathophysiology of asthma, which involves chronic airway inflammation and bronchospasm due to release of mediators from mast cells. Drugs used to treat asthma are classified as bronchodilators or anti-inflammatories. Bronchodilators work by relaxing airway smooth muscle through stimulation of beta-2 receptors or inhibition of muscarinic receptors. Corticosteroids are the most important anti-inflammatory drugs for long-term asthma control by suppressing the inflammatory process in the airways. The document then focuses on specific bronchodilator drugs like epinephrine, isoproterenol, and beta
Pharmacology of Respiratory Diseases
This document discusses the pharmacology of various drugs used to treat respiratory diseases like asthma and COPD. It begins by describing asthma as a recurrent and reversible shortness of breath caused by bronchospasm, inflammation, and mucus production. It then outlines categories of asthma and defines COPD. The rest of the document summarizes different classes of drugs used to treat these conditions, including long-term controllers, quick relievers, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, mast cell stabilizers, and other respiratory agents. For each class, it discusses mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and nursing implications.
Emt bronchodilators
Bronchodilators are medications that work by stimulating beta-2 receptor sites to relax airway smooth muscle, dilate the airways, and lower resistance to airflow, helping to decrease respiratory effort. Common bronchodilators include albuterol, metaproterenol, isoetharine, bitolterol mesylate, and salmeterol xinafoate, which are supplied in metered-dose inhalers or nebulizers to treat shortness of breath, wheezing, and other symptoms in patients who are not at their maximum medication dose from their personal inhaler.
PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY: BRONCHODIALATORS _ COPD 6
This document discusses bronchodilators and their role in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It notes that bronchodilators are the mainstay of pharmacological COPD therapy and can improve symptoms, exercise tolerance, and reduce exacerbations. Both short-acting and long-acting bronchodilators are used, with short-acting for rescue of symptoms and long-acting as maintenance therapy. Common classes of bronchodilators include beta-agonists, anticholinergics, and methylxanthines. Combining different classes of bronchodilators can provide better efficacy than increasing the dose of a single agent.
Respiratory drugs
This document summarizes different drugs used to treat asthma and related conditions. It discusses:
1) Cromolyn sodium and nedocromil, which are used prophylactically to inhibit mast cell mediator release and reduce exercise-induced asthma symptoms. Side effects include throat irritation.
2) Methylxanthines like theophylline which work by inhibiting phosphodiesterases, relaxing smooth muscle. They have various effects in the body and drug interactions can affect metabolism.
3) Beta-agonists which are short or long-acting and work by binding beta receptors to relax airways. Corticosteroids are also discussed which reduce inflammation in asthma.
LLU Respiratory Pharmacology Review Podcast 2013
This document summarizes the pathophysiology and treatment of respiratory conditions like asthma, COPD, and pulmonary hypertension. It describes asthma as widespread reversible narrowing of airways due to increased bronchial responsiveness and inflammation. Treatment depends on timing and includes short-acting beta-agonists for acute relief and inhaled corticosteroids for chronic inflammation reduction. Beta-agonists, methylxanthines, anti-muscarinics, leukotriene inhibitors, and corticosteroids are discussed as primary asthma therapies. COPD treatment focuses on bronchodilators and corticosteroids for severe cases. Pulmonary hypertension can be treated with prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists, or phosphodiesterase
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◦ Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
◦ Allergic rhinitis
Associated with persisting cough
Precautions, Asthma: Goals of Therapy, Inflammation in asthma, Broncial Asthma Etiology, Pathology, Histopathology, Patho-physiloogy, Bronchial Asthma.
Practical Pharmacology Respiratory System
This document discusses drug therapy and administration methods for asthma. It describes various drug classes used to treat asthma, including β2 agonists, corticosteroids, leukotriene modifiers, and others. It outlines administration routes, devices, and techniques for delivering asthma medications via inhalers, nebulizers, and orally. Side effects of different drug classes are also summarized. Methods for studying the effects of bronchoconstrictors and bronchodilators on isolated guinea pig trachea are then outlined.
Respiratory stimulants
This document summarizes respiratory stimulants, also known as analeptics, which stimulate respiration and can help restore consciousness in coma or fainting patients. It discusses four main drugs - doxapram, prethcamide, nikethamide, and almitrine - and their mechanisms of action, effects, uses, and side effects. Doxapram is a short-acting drug that acts on the central nervous system to increase tidal volume and respiratory rate. Prethcamide and nikethamide also stimulate peripheral chemoreceptors and respiratory centers. Almitrine enhances respiration by acting on peripheral chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies.
PHARMA- DRUGS FOR RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
The document discusses various drugs used for treating conditions affecting the upper respiratory tract such as cough, nasal congestion, and allergies. It covers categories of drugs like antitussives, decongestants, antihistamines, expectorants, and mucolytics. It also discusses the actions, indications, cautions, adverse effects and nursing considerations for drugs in each category.
Respiratory agents- DRUGS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
This document discusses various respiratory agents used to treat respiratory diseases. It begins by introducing respiratory agents and their forms of administration. It then categorizes respiratory agents and discusses each category in further detail, including anti-asthmatic drugs, mucoactive agents, drugs for cough, and antibiotics. For anti-asthmatic drugs, it describes subclasses like bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory drugs, antihistamines, leukotriene inhibitors, and anti-IgE drugs. It provides examples, mechanisms of action, uses, side effects and nursing responsibilities for many of the discussed respiratory agents.
8.drugs affecting on respiratory system
1. The document discusses drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma. It describes different classes of drugs including bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory steroids, mast cell stabilizers, leukotriene pathway inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies.
2. Bronchodilators like beta-2 agonists and anticholinergics work to relax airway smooth muscle and provide quick relief from bronchoconstriction. Anti-inflammatory steroids have multiple mechanisms but work to reduce inflammation in the airways.
3. Mast cell stabilizers like cromolyn sodium inhibit the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells to prevent allergic responses while leukotriene inhibitors block the leukotriene
Drugs affecting respiratory system
The document discusses drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like the common cold, asthma, and COPD. It describes the actions and side effects of various classes of drugs including antihistamines, decongestants, expectorants, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and others. Treatment approaches are outlined for different severities of asthma using a stepwise approach beginning with short-acting bronchodilators and progressing to inhaled corticosteroids, long-acting bronchodilators, oral corticosteroids, and IV corticosteroids as needed.
Respiratory system pharmacology
This document summarizes information about the respiratory system pharmacology, focusing on bronchial asthma and cough remedies. It defines bronchial asthma as a common chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by variable and recurring symptoms of reversible airflow obstruction and bronchospasm. It then discusses asthma symptoms, treatment including first aid and drugs like bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory medications like corticosteroids, leukotriene antagonists, and mast cell stabilizers. The document also defines cough remedies and discusses treatment of productive coughs with mucolytics and expectorants and dry coughs with antitussives like narcotic cough suppressants, antihistamines, and demulcents.
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The document provides an overview of the human respiratory system and common respiratory diseases and treatments. It describes the pathway of air through the nasal passages, pharynx, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles to the alveoli. Diseases discussed include pneumonia, asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis and COPD. Cystic fibrosis and lung cancer are also mentioned. Common medications for respiratory issues include antibiotics for bacterial infections, bronchodilators like albuterol to open airways, and antihistamines to reduce itching from conditions like eczema. A variety of treatment types are available depending on the specific condition and symptoms.
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VENTOLIN HFA is an albuterol inhaler used to treat bronchospasm during asthma attacks by quickly opening airways. It acts within minutes and lasts 4-6 hours. Possible side effects include paradoxical bronchospasm, cardiovascular effects like changes in pulse or blood pressure, and immediate hypersensitivity reactions. Flonase is a nasal spray containing fluticasone used to treat nasal allergy symptoms. Side effects may include headache, nosebleeds, and vision problems. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. It may interact with other medications and side effects can include allergic reactions, joint pain, and diarrhea.
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This document summarizes three types of respiratory medications: bronchodilators, expectorants, and antitussives. Bronchodilators such as albuterol relax the smooth muscle around bronchial tubes to treat asthma and COPD. Expectorants like guaifenesin in Robitussin thin mucus to make coughs more productive. Antitussives including hydrocodone in Hycodan relieve the urge to cough by suppressing the cough reflex.
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Inhaled aerosol medication, that is given by respiratory therapist, need to be mixed with another medication for quicker time, less cost, or synergic effect.
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Gastrointestinal medications
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This document discusses drugs used for hormonal disorders and supplementation, contraception, and medical termination of pregnancy. It covers several categories of drugs including:
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Title: Exploring Respiratory System Pharmacology: A Comprehensive Guide for Students
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The respiratory system plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis by facilitating gas exchange and regulating oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the body. Understanding the pharmacology of respiratory medications is essential for healthcare students to effectively manage respiratory conditions and optimize patient outcomes. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of respiratory system pharmacology, covering key medications, mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
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Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
Respiratory medications
- 2. Bronchodilators • Sympathomimetic dilate the airways of the respiratory tree & relax smooth muscle • Methylxanthinie stimulate the CNS and respiration, dilate coronary and pulmonary vessels causes diuresis & relax smooth muscle • Bronchodilators treat allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, acute bronchospasm, acute & chronic asthma, COPD, emphysema • Contraindicated w/hypersensitivity, peptic ulcer, severe cardiac disease & dysrhythmias, hyperthyroidism, uncontrolled seizures • ***Use caution in hypertension, diabetes mellitus or narrow angle glaucoma • ***Theophylline increase risk of digoxin toxicity & decrease the effects of lithium and phenytoin (Dilantin) • Theophylline and a B2-adrenergic agonist together may result in cardiac dysrhythmias • B-blockers, cimetidine (Tagamet), & erythromycin increase effects of Theophylline • Barbiturates and carbamazepine (Tegretol) decrease the effects of Theophylline
- 3. Bronchodilators Side Effects • Palpitations • Tachycardia • Dysrhythmias • Restlessness – may mean hypoxia • Nervousness & tremors • Anorexia, nausea & vomiting • Headaches & dizziness • Hyperglycemia • Decreased clotting time • Mouth dryness • Tolerance & paradoxical bronchoconstriction w/inhalers
- 4. Bronchodilators Interventions • Assess vital signs • Monitor for cardiac dysrhythmias • Assess for cough, wheezing, decreased breath sounds & sputum production • Monitor for restlessness and confusion • Provide adequate hydration • Give meds at regular interval around the clock • Give oral meds with or after meals to decrease GI irritation • Instruct client not to crush enteric-coated or sustained release tab or capsules • Instruct on side effects • Instruct how to monitor pulse and report abnormalities • Instruct how to use inhaler or nebulizer & how to monitor amounts of med remaining in inhaler • Instruct how to use spacer • Instruct to avoid over the counter meds, to stop smoking • Instruct client w/diabetes to monitor blood glucose levels • Instruct client w/asthma to wear a Medic-Alert bracelet • ***Monitor serum theophylline of 10-20 mcg/mL >20 toxicity • IV aminophylline or theophylline should be administered slowly and Always via an infusion pump
- 5. Glucocorticoids • Beclomethasone dipropionate (Qvar) • Budesonide (Pulmicort Turbohaler, Pulmicort Respules) • Flunisolide (AeroBid) • Fluticasone propionate (Flovent HFA, Flovent Rotadisk, Flovent Diskus) • Mometasone furoate (Asmanex Twisthaler) • Triamcinolone (Azmacort) • Prednisone • Prednisolone
- 6. Inhaled Non-steroidal Anti-allergy agents • Mast Cell Stabilizers, antiasthmatic, antiallergic inhibit mast cell release after exposure to antigens • Used to treat allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, exercise- induced bronchospasm • Contraindicated in known hypersensitivity • Orally administered Cromolyn sodium (Intal) • Nedocromil (Tilade) • Side Effects • Cough • Bronchospasm • Nasal sting • Sneezing • Unpleasant taste
- 7. Leukotriene modifiers • Receptor Antagonists • Montelukast (Singulair) • Zafirlukast (Accolate) • Inhibitor • Zileuton (Zyflo) • Side Effects • Headache • Nausea & vomiting • Dyspepsia • Diarrhea • Generalized pain • Fever dizziness • Interventions • Monitor vital signs, lung sounds for rhonchi & wheezing • Assess liver function, cyanosis • Instruct to take meds 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals, increase fluid intake • Instruct not to discontinue med take as prescribed, even during symptoms free periods