- Research has shown that LoRa experiences significant degradation in environments with heavy multipath interference like dense urban or indoor settings due to Rayleigh flat fading.
- Experimentation in an airport parking lot exhibiting Rayleigh flat fading validated this, showing Haystack XR2 encoding provided roughly 30 dB gain to packet error rate over default LoRaWAN encoding.
- This gain allows LoRa networks using Haystack XR2 to achieve much higher quality of service, efficiency, and channel density in challenging multipath environments.
Haystack XR Mode radically improves the range of IoT devices using Semtech's LoRa radio. Using the same error correction used in deep space probes along with other techniques, Haystack offers the longest range, lowest power, and lowest latency networking stack for LoRa today.
Haystack XR Mode radically improves the range of IoT devices using Semtech's LoRa radio. Using the same error correction used in deep space probes along with other techniques, Haystack offers the longest range, lowest power, and lowest latency networking stack for LoRa today.
he Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR)[1] is an IP routing protocol optimized for mobile ad hoc networks, which can also be used on other wireless ad hoc networks. OLSR is a proactive link-state routing protocol, which uses hello and topology control (TC) messages to discover and then disseminate link state information throughout the mobile ad hoc network. Individual nodes use this topology information to compute next hop destinations for all nodes in the network using shortest hop forwarding paths.
MEMBERS:
Abletes, Charles Chille
Agustin, Eloisa Marie U.
Curammeng, Alona Jane E.
Galvan, Cyrus Kim
Macaysa, Czyryl Anne A.
Pagtaccunan, Roshiela Mae V.
This video presents an educational overview of the RapidIO architecture and ecosystem. The RapidIO architecture is a high-performance packet-switched, interconnect technology for interconnecting chips on a circuit board, and circuit boards to each other using a backplane. This technology is designed specifically for embedded systems, primarily for the networking, communications, and signal processing markets.
Serial RapidIO solutions from IDT include switching and bridging products that are ideal for building peer-to-peer multi-processor systems with 100ns latency, low power consumption, reliable packet termination — all with industry-standard based support at up to 20 Gbps per port. IDT's Serial RapidIO solutions are ideal for wireless base station infrastructure, video, server, imaging, military and industrial control applications.
Video presented by Barry Wood, Expert Applications Engineer at IDT. To learn more about IDT's rich portfolio of RapidIO switches and bridges, visit http://www.idt.com/go/SRIO.
Check out slides presented by Mo Haghighi, Research Scientist at Intel Labs Europe, which explore how to solve urban challenges at the Olympic Park. These slides were presented at Digital Catapult's LPWAN London meetup.
Remote interchanges support the Internet of Things and key to the accomplishment of
the IoT has been LPWAN innovation.
In this ppt we have done Comparative Study of Lora & Sigfox using MATLAB
he Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR)[1] is an IP routing protocol optimized for mobile ad hoc networks, which can also be used on other wireless ad hoc networks. OLSR is a proactive link-state routing protocol, which uses hello and topology control (TC) messages to discover and then disseminate link state information throughout the mobile ad hoc network. Individual nodes use this topology information to compute next hop destinations for all nodes in the network using shortest hop forwarding paths.
MEMBERS:
Abletes, Charles Chille
Agustin, Eloisa Marie U.
Curammeng, Alona Jane E.
Galvan, Cyrus Kim
Macaysa, Czyryl Anne A.
Pagtaccunan, Roshiela Mae V.
This video presents an educational overview of the RapidIO architecture and ecosystem. The RapidIO architecture is a high-performance packet-switched, interconnect technology for interconnecting chips on a circuit board, and circuit boards to each other using a backplane. This technology is designed specifically for embedded systems, primarily for the networking, communications, and signal processing markets.
Serial RapidIO solutions from IDT include switching and bridging products that are ideal for building peer-to-peer multi-processor systems with 100ns latency, low power consumption, reliable packet termination — all with industry-standard based support at up to 20 Gbps per port. IDT's Serial RapidIO solutions are ideal for wireless base station infrastructure, video, server, imaging, military and industrial control applications.
Video presented by Barry Wood, Expert Applications Engineer at IDT. To learn more about IDT's rich portfolio of RapidIO switches and bridges, visit http://www.idt.com/go/SRIO.
Check out slides presented by Mo Haghighi, Research Scientist at Intel Labs Europe, which explore how to solve urban challenges at the Olympic Park. These slides were presented at Digital Catapult's LPWAN London meetup.
Remote interchanges support the Internet of Things and key to the accomplishment of
the IoT has been LPWAN innovation.
In this ppt we have done Comparative Study of Lora & Sigfox using MATLAB
Channel Coding and Clipping in OFDM for WiMAX using SDRidescitation
Recent developments in broadband wireless
technology heightened the need for WiMAX which assures
high-speed data services. Mobile WiMAX is grounded on
orthogonal frequency division multiplexing/orthogonal
frequency division multiplexing Access (OFDM/OFDMA)
technology which is an increasing important technique in
LTE systems. This paper describes the OFDM transceiver
implementation using software-defined radio system (SDR).
A SDR is a radio communication system where elements have
been generally implemented in hardware are rather
implemented by software on a personal computer. In this paper,
the software part is realized using GNU Radio and the
hardware part is implemented using USRP N210. OFDM poses
a problem of a Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) or high
crest factor. To stave off this problem either High Power
Amplifiers (HPAs) with large dynamic range or PAPR reduction
techniques are used. The former scheme raises cost of the
system, while the latter induces redundancy or distortion.
This paper presents a novel architecture (which combines
channel coding and clipping) for the PAPR reduction and
analyzes various parameters which effects the performance
of OFDM such as power spectral density, the crest factor and
BER. Channel coding part is framed of three steps
randomization, Forward Error Correction (FEC) and
interleaving. In clipping, certain threshold limits the
amplitude of time domain samples. Without filtering, clipping
causes out-of-band radiation. The paper analyzes the out band
radiation value (at 2.395 GHz) and PAPR reduction with respect
to clipping threshold value. This scheme is preferred because
of its lower complexity and hence would be cheaper to
implement than conventional reduction techniques.
Experimental results prove that the clipping method reduced
PAPR significantly as the number of clip and filtering level is
increased.
Designing LoRaWAN for dense IoT deployments webinarActility
As more and more IoT devices are being added to the network in increasingly massive deployments, it is important to design IoT networks from the beginning to meet the scalability requirements of the future.
In this webinar, Actility’s Olivier Hersent and Rohit Gupta welcome special guest Bill Versteeg of JumpStartIoT.com to reveal various solutions based on learnings from Actility’s deployments that can be used to design LoRaWANs for scalability. They will also explore how densification leads to lower power consumption by end devices, resulting in dramatic reduction in TCO for the end customer. Last but not least, you will discover how operators, whether mobile or fixed, can leverage their assets to deploy low-cost LoRaWAN picocells. Discover:
Why adaptive data rate is key to LoRaWAN scaling
How combining macro and picocells delivers coverage AND capacity
The dramatic impact of network densification on capacity and device TCO
Why micro-cellular networks are the future of LoRaWAN
How to deploy coverage for a real-world water metering application
Performance Improvement of IEEE 802.22 WRAN Physical LayerIOSR Journals
The spectrum available for the wireless services is limited, the increased demand of wireless
application has put a lot of limitations on the utilization of available radio spectrum. For the efficient spectrum
utilization for wireless application IEEE 802.22 standard i.e. WRAN (Wireless Regional Area Network) is
developed which is based on cognitive radio technique that senses the free available spectrum. It allows sharing
of geographically unused channels allocated to the TV Broadcast Service, without interference.
In this paper we are evaluating the performance of WRAN over physical layer with QPSK, 16-QAM
and 64-QAM modulation with Convolution coding with code rate of 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6 and obtaining the BER
curves for rician channel. Simulation is performed in MATLAB
Performance Improvement of IEEE 802.22 WRAN Physical LayerIOSR Journals
Abstract: The spectrum available for the wireless services is limited, the increased demand of wireless application has put a lot of limitations on the utilization of available radio spectrum. For the efficient spectrum utilization for wireless application IEEE 802.22 standard i.e. WRAN (Wireless Regional Area Network) is developed which is based on cognitive radio technique that senses the free available spectrum. It allows sharing of geographically unused channels allocated to the TV Broadcast Service, without interference. In this paper we are evaluating the performance of WRAN over physical layer with QPSK, 16-QAM and 64-QAM modulation with Convolution coding with code rate of 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6 and obtaining the BER curves for rician channel. Simulation is performed in MATLAB. Keywords - CC, CP, CR, OFDMA, PHY Layer, WRAN
Performance Improvement of IEEE 802.22 WRAN Physical LayerIOSR Journals
Abstract: The spectrum available for the wireless services is limited, the increased demand of wireless
application has put a lot of limitations on the utilization of available radio spectrum. For the efficient spectrum
utilization for wireless application IEEE 802.22 standard i.e. WRAN (Wireless Regional Area Network) is
developed which is based on cognitive radio technique that senses the free available spectrum. It allows sharing
of geographically unused channels allocated to the TV Broadcast Service, without interference.
In this paper we are evaluating the performance of WRAN over physical layer with QPSK, 16-QAM
and 64-QAM modulation with Convolution coding with code rate of 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6 and obtaining the BER
curves for rician channel. Simulation is performed in MATLAB.
Keywords - CC, CP, CR, OFDMA, PHY Layer, WRAN
Wireless IoT connections fall into two low-power camps: local area and wide area. Historically the two have not overlapped but advances in networking technologies make it possible for wide area technologies to perform the same functions as local area technologies with no additional cost or feature "sacrifice".
Scaling the Web to Billions of Nodes: Towards the IPv6 “Internet of Things” b...gogo6
gogo6 IPv6 Video Series. Event, presentation and speaker details below:
EVENT
gogoNET LIVE! 4: IPv6 & The Internet of Things. http://gogonetlive.com
November 12 – 14, 201, Silicon Valley, California
Agenda: http://gogonetlive.com/gogonetlive4-agenda.asp
PRESENTATION
Scaling the Web to Billions of Nodes: Towards the IPv6 “Internet of Things”
Abstract: http://www.gogo6.com/profiles/blogs/scaling-the-web-to-billions-of-nodes-towards-the-ipv6-internet-of
Presentation video: http://www.gogo6.com/video/scaling-the-web-to-billions-of-nodes-by-carsten-bormann-at-gogone
Interview video: http://www.gogo6.com/video/interview-with-carsten-bormann-at-gogonet-live-4-ipv6-iot-confere
SPEAKER
Carsten Bormann - Universität Bremen TZI & IETF WG Chair
Bio/Profile: http://www.gogo6.com/profile/CarstenBormann
MORE
Learn more about IPv6 on the gogoNET social network and our online training courses
http://www.gogo6.com/main
Get free IPv6 connectivity with Freenet6
http://www.gogo6.com/Freenet6
Subscribe to the gogo6 IPv6 Channel on YouTube
http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=gogo6videos
Follow gogo6 on Twitter
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Like gogo6 on Facebook
http://www.facebook.com/pages/IPv6-products-community-and-services-gogo6/161626696777
Focusing on the physical layer of the 5G network, new methodologies, new problems facing the network and solutions for each problem.
topics are:-
Channel Models, Channel Coding, Multiple Access, Smart Antenna, Massive MIMO & Beamforming, Network Architecture, Frame structure & Numerology
addition: exploring the new trends that might be done in the future
Haystack's new hardware for Semtech's LoRa includes on-demand GPS, up to 36 mile range, 3-5 year battery life, and no subscriptions. Demo kits now available.
Overview of Haystack's DASH7 technology, features, & applications. Includes information on real-time outdoor and indoor location. Discussion of Haystack support for Semtech's LoRa LPWAN radio.
More details on implementing broadcast/multicast messaging in IoT networking running Haystack + DASH7 networking software. Also implementing CBOR to enable queries over MQTT.
Emerging LTE standards for IoT lack a networking stack for true real-time, low power networking. A simple add-on to the existing TCP/IP stack makes a difference.
Short overview on the evolution of NFC to accommodate broader IoT use cases including security, two-factor authentication and other applications of long range, low power wireless networking.
An overview of Haystack's security features for low power IoT networks. Unlike most IoT stacks, when Haystack invented DASH7, security was an a priori principle and led to the most secure networking stack available in the low power, wide area networking (LPWAN) space today.
How new Low Power Wireless Area Networks (LPWAN's) are aggressively challenging the Internet of Things status quo and how industry can exploit this opportunity. Specifically, the ability to query IoT endpoints in real time, improve network capacity and data rates, and the ability to deploy a filesystem in order to create a "Hadoop"-like real-time query capability at the edge of the network is explored.
Paketo Buildpacks : la meilleure façon de construire des images OCI? DevopsDa...Anthony Dahanne
Les Buildpacks existent depuis plus de 10 ans ! D’abord, ils étaient utilisés pour détecter et construire une application avant de la déployer sur certains PaaS. Ensuite, nous avons pu créer des images Docker (OCI) avec leur dernière génération, les Cloud Native Buildpacks (CNCF en incubation). Sont-ils une bonne alternative au Dockerfile ? Que sont les buildpacks Paketo ? Quelles communautés les soutiennent et comment ?
Venez le découvrir lors de cette session ignite
Listen to the keynote address and hear about the latest developments from Rachana Ananthakrishnan and Ian Foster who review the updates to the Globus Platform and Service, and the relevance of Globus to the scientific community as an automation platform to accelerate scientific discovery.
First Steps with Globus Compute Multi-User EndpointsGlobus
In this presentation we will share our experiences around getting started with the Globus Compute multi-user endpoint. Working with the Pharmacology group at the University of Auckland, we have previously written an application using Globus Compute that can offload computationally expensive steps in the researcher's workflows, which they wish to manage from their familiar Windows environments, onto the NeSI (New Zealand eScience Infrastructure) cluster. Some of the challenges we have encountered were that each researcher had to set up and manage their own single-user globus compute endpoint and that the workloads had varying resource requirements (CPUs, memory and wall time) between different runs. We hope that the multi-user endpoint will help to address these challenges and share an update on our progress here.
TROUBLESHOOTING 9 TYPES OF OUTOFMEMORYERRORTier1 app
Even though at surface level ‘java.lang.OutOfMemoryError’ appears as one single error; underlyingly there are 9 types of OutOfMemoryError. Each type of OutOfMemoryError has different causes, diagnosis approaches and solutions. This session equips you with the knowledge, tools, and techniques needed to troubleshoot and conquer OutOfMemoryError in all its forms, ensuring smoother, more efficient Java applications.
Developing Distributed High-performance Computing Capabilities of an Open Sci...Globus
COVID-19 had an unprecedented impact on scientific collaboration. The pandemic and its broad response from the scientific community has forged new relationships among public health practitioners, mathematical modelers, and scientific computing specialists, while revealing critical gaps in exploiting advanced computing systems to support urgent decision making. Informed by our team’s work in applying high-performance computing in support of public health decision makers during the COVID-19 pandemic, we present how Globus technologies are enabling the development of an open science platform for robust epidemic analysis, with the goal of collaborative, secure, distributed, on-demand, and fast time-to-solution analyses to support public health.
Exploring Innovations in Data Repository Solutions - Insights from the U.S. G...Globus
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has made substantial investments in meeting evolving scientific, technical, and policy driven demands on storing, managing, and delivering data. As these demands continue to grow in complexity and scale, the USGS must continue to explore innovative solutions to improve its management, curation, sharing, delivering, and preservation approaches for large-scale research data. Supporting these needs, the USGS has partnered with the University of Chicago-Globus to research and develop advanced repository components and workflows leveraging its current investment in Globus. The primary outcome of this partnership includes the development of a prototype enterprise repository, driven by USGS Data Release requirements, through exploration and implementation of the entire suite of the Globus platform offerings, including Globus Flow, Globus Auth, Globus Transfer, and Globus Search. This presentation will provide insights into this research partnership, introduce the unique requirements and challenges being addressed and provide relevant project progress.
We describe the deployment and use of Globus Compute for remote computation. This content is aimed at researchers who wish to compute on remote resources using a unified programming interface, as well as system administrators who will deploy and operate Globus Compute services on their research computing infrastructure.
Accelerate Enterprise Software Engineering with PlatformlessWSO2
Key takeaways:
Challenges of building platforms and the benefits of platformless.
Key principles of platformless, including API-first, cloud-native middleware, platform engineering, and developer experience.
How Choreo enables the platformless experience.
How key concepts like application architecture, domain-driven design, zero trust, and cell-based architecture are inherently a part of Choreo.
Demo of an end-to-end app built and deployed on Choreo.
Enterprise Resource Planning System includes various modules that reduce any business's workload. Additionally, it organizes the workflows, which drives towards enhancing productivity. Here are a detailed explanation of the ERP modules. Going through the points will help you understand how the software is changing the work dynamics.
To know more details here: https://blogs.nyggs.com/nyggs/enterprise-resource-planning-erp-system-modules/
Quarkus Hidden and Forbidden ExtensionsMax Andersen
Quarkus has a vast extension ecosystem and is known for its subsonic and subatomic feature set. Some of these features are not as well known, and some extensions are less talked about, but that does not make them less interesting - quite the opposite.
Come join this talk to see some tips and tricks for using Quarkus and some of the lesser known features, extensions and development techniques.
How Recreation Management Software Can Streamline Your Operations.pptxwottaspaceseo
Recreation management software streamlines operations by automating key tasks such as scheduling, registration, and payment processing, reducing manual workload and errors. It provides centralized management of facilities, classes, and events, ensuring efficient resource allocation and facility usage. The software offers user-friendly online portals for easy access to bookings and program information, enhancing customer experience. Real-time reporting and data analytics deliver insights into attendance and preferences, aiding in strategic decision-making. Additionally, effective communication tools keep participants and staff informed with timely updates. Overall, recreation management software enhances efficiency, improves service delivery, and boosts customer satisfaction.
In software engineering, the right architecture is essential for robust, scalable platforms. Wix has undergone a pivotal shift from event sourcing to a CRUD-based model for its microservices. This talk will chart the course of this pivotal journey.
Event sourcing, which records state changes as immutable events, provided robust auditing and "time travel" debugging for Wix Stores' microservices. Despite its benefits, the complexity it introduced in state management slowed development. Wix responded by adopting a simpler, unified CRUD model. This talk will explore the challenges of event sourcing and the advantages of Wix's new "CRUD on steroids" approach, which streamlines API integration and domain event management while preserving data integrity and system resilience.
Participants will gain valuable insights into Wix's strategies for ensuring atomicity in database updates and event production, as well as caching, materialization, and performance optimization techniques within a distributed system.
Join us to discover how Wix has mastered the art of balancing simplicity and extensibility, and learn how the re-adoption of the modest CRUD has turbocharged their development velocity, resilience, and scalability in a high-growth environment.
In 2015, I used to write extensions for Joomla, WordPress, phpBB3, etc and I ...Juraj Vysvader
In 2015, I used to write extensions for Joomla, WordPress, phpBB3, etc and I didn't get rich from it but it did have 63K downloads (powered possible tens of thousands of websites).
AI Pilot Review: The World’s First Virtual Assistant Marketing SuiteGoogle
AI Pilot Review: The World’s First Virtual Assistant Marketing Suite
👉👉 Click Here To Get More Info 👇👇
https://sumonreview.com/ai-pilot-review/
AI Pilot Review: Key Features
✅Deploy AI expert bots in Any Niche With Just A Click
✅With one keyword, generate complete funnels, websites, landing pages, and more.
✅More than 85 AI features are included in the AI pilot.
✅No setup or configuration; use your voice (like Siri) to do whatever you want.
✅You Can Use AI Pilot To Create your version of AI Pilot And Charge People For It…
✅ZERO Manual Work With AI Pilot. Never write, Design, Or Code Again.
✅ZERO Limits On Features Or Usages
✅Use Our AI-powered Traffic To Get Hundreds Of Customers
✅No Complicated Setup: Get Up And Running In 2 Minutes
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See My Other Reviews Article:
(1) TubeTrivia AI Review: https://sumonreview.com/tubetrivia-ai-review
(2) SocioWave Review: https://sumonreview.com/sociowave-review
(3) AI Partner & Profit Review: https://sumonreview.com/ai-partner-profit-review
(4) AI Ebook Suite Review: https://sumonreview.com/ai-ebook-suite-review
Check out the webinar slides to learn more about how XfilesPro transforms Salesforce document management by leveraging its world-class applications. For more details, please connect with sales@xfilespro.com
If you want to watch the on-demand webinar, please click here: https://www.xfilespro.com/webinars/salesforce-document-management-2-0-smarter-faster-better/
Code reviews are vital for ensuring good code quality. They serve as one of our last lines of defense against bugs and subpar code reaching production.
Yet, they often turn into annoying tasks riddled with frustration, hostility, unclear feedback and lack of standards. How can we improve this crucial process?
In this session we will cover:
- The Art of Effective Code Reviews
- Streamlining the Review Process
- Elevating Reviews with Automated Tools
By the end of this presentation, you'll have the knowledge on how to organize and improve your code review proces
Field Employee Tracking System| MiTrack App| Best Employee Tracking Solution|...informapgpstrackings
Keep tabs on your field staff effortlessly with Informap Technology Centre LLC. Real-time tracking, task assignment, and smart features for efficient management. Request a live demo today!
For more details, visit us : https://informapuae.com/field-staff-tracking/
Software Engineering, Software Consulting, Tech Lead.
Spring Boot, Spring Cloud, Spring Core, Spring JDBC, Spring Security,
Spring Transaction, Spring MVC,
Log4j, REST/SOAP WEB-SERVICES.
top nidhi software solution freedownloadvrstrong314
This presentation emphasizes the importance of data security and legal compliance for Nidhi companies in India. It highlights how online Nidhi software solutions, like Vector Nidhi Software, offer advanced features tailored to these needs. Key aspects include encryption, access controls, and audit trails to ensure data security. The software complies with regulatory guidelines from the MCA and RBI and adheres to Nidhi Rules, 2014. With customizable, user-friendly interfaces and real-time features, these Nidhi software solutions enhance efficiency, support growth, and provide exceptional member services. The presentation concludes with contact information for further inquiries.
2. Synopsis
2
• Recently published research (July 2019) has described a model for Bit Error Rate (BER) analysis
of the LoRa PHY over a Rayleigh flat fading channel. Rayleigh flat fading channels are
observable in environments where there’s a lot of multipath interference (e.g. dense urban,
indoor, etc).
• The LoRa PHY experiences significant degradation of sensitivity in Raleigh flat fading channels
• Experimentation in an environment exhibiting Raleigh flat fading validates the model from the
research.
• Haystack XR2 encoding for LoRa was observed to yield roughly 30 dB gain to Packet Error
Rate (PER) vs. default LoRaWAN encoding, in said experiment.
• Haystack XR2 encoding for LoRa can yield enormous gains to efficiency, Quality of Service
(QoS), and channel density for LoRa deployments in dense urban, indoor, or other environments
where multipath dominates.
3. About LoRa®
and LoRaWAN®
3
• LoRa is a type of modulation and encoding developed into a product line by Semtech.
• LoRa is a Chirp Spread Spectrum modulation technology. It has features that make it
perform well in ISM channels with unpredictable interferers.
• LoRaWAN is a simple MAC layer that uses the default features of Semtech’s LoRa transceiver
product line (SX127x, SX126x).
• Since 2015, much research on LoRa has been conducted by 3rd party researchers in
academia and industry. This presentation cites the following research paper below, which
itself cites many other works related to performance analysis of LoRa.
‣ Jules Courjault, Baptiste Vrigneau, Olivier Berder. Fast performance evaluation of LoRa communications over Rayleigh fading channels. International
Workshop on Mathematical Tools and technologies for IoT and mMTC Networks Modeling, IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking
Conference (WCNC), Apr 2019, Marrakech, Morocco. hal-02181133
‣ https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02181133
4. About Haystack LoRa XR2
4
• XR2 is a proprietary PHY-layer encoding and bit-
framing technology developed by Haystack
Technologies. It utilizes the highest performing
short-block-length error correction technology
currently known to science
• LoRa XR2 includes customizations made
specifically for LoRa modulation. It can repair a
data frame even when every LoRa symbol in the
frame is demodulated with bit errors.
• XR2 is implemented in firmware.
‣ Streaming, real-time decoder on Cortex M4
‣ Even better performance on Cortex M33
Haystack
LoRa XR2 PHY
Ground-to-Ground Range
(Urban Environment)
0.64 miles / 1 km
Data Rate Support 1.33-60 kbps (variable)
“Real World” Link Budget 155 dB
Forward Error Correction Yes: Haystack XR2 Code
Auto-negotiated Encoding Rate Yes: 0.5-0.8
Packet Size Variable: up to 203 bytes
Auto-negotiated TX power Supported
MAC & Upper Layers DASH7
5. LoRaWAN® Fades in Multipath
5
Jules Courjault, Baptiste Vrigneau, Olivier Berder. Fast performance evaluation of LoRa communications over Rayleigh
fading channels. International Workshop on Mathematical Tools and technologies for IoT and mMTC Networks Modeling,
IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Apr 2019, Marrakech, Morocco. hal-02181133
LoRaWAN Sensitivity in a Multipath Environment • The latest research on the LoRa PHY validates
numerically what we have been observing for years, in
practice.
• In most real-world conditions, there is multipath
interference. The mathematic model for this is called
“Rayleigh flat fading.” LoRa PHY is not immune to
multipath. In flat fading environments, it has similar
degradation as most other types of digital modulation.
• Without a good error correcting code, Bit Error Rate
(BER) corresponds directly to Packet Error Rate (PER).
‣ To yield 1% packet loss in an exemplary 24 byte
frame, under RFF conditions, LoRaWAN® requires a
BER of 0.005% (5*10-5)
‣ The red line on the chart shows: BER = 5*10-5.
(i.e. 12.5 dB SNR is required at SF12).
6. LoRa XR2 Performs in Multipath
6
~30 dB
XR2 PER
SF11
• The observed Packet Error Rate (PER) for an exemplary
24 byte frame, encoded via Haystack XR2 @ SF11, has
been overlaid onto the previous chart.
• LoRa XR2 at SF11 was observed, in an environment
dominated by multipath, to have roughly 30 dB better
performance than LoRaWAN at SF12 as modeled
according to the research.
• Environments dominated by multipath include:
‣ Dense urban
‣ Indoor
‣ Outdoor, where transmitter and receiver are
operating close to the ground (e.g. 1m elevation)
‣ Scattering in the upper atmosphere
LoRaWAN vs LoRa XR2:
Sensitivity in a Multipath Environment
Jules Courjault, Baptiste Vrigneau, Olivier Berder. Fast performance evaluation of LoRa communications over Rayleigh
fading channels. International Workshop on Mathematical Tools and technologies for IoT and mMTC Networks Modeling,
IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Apr 2019, Marrakech, Morocco. hal-02181133
7. Experiment: Airport Parking Lot
7
L
Fixed
device
Red = dead spot
Green = coverage
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
XX
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
XX
XX X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
L
Fixed
device
Green = coverage
300 m
LoRaWAN: SF12 / 500 kHz / Default Settings
20 dBm @ 915 MHz
LoRa XR2: SF11 / 500 kHz / 1/2 Rate
20 dBm @ 915 MHz
The results of the experiment corroborate the BER model from the aforementioned research.
It also shows a roughly 30 dB improvement in QoS for the LoRa network encoded with Haystack XR2.
Airport Parking Lot Area
8. Packet Efficiency Comparison
• In AWGN environments (e.g. open space), XR2 SF11 offers similar QoS vs LoRaWAN SF12 yet ~3 dB greater
energy efficiency.
• In Rayleigh flat fading environments, however, XR2 SF11 offers enormous gains to QoS vs LoRaWAN SF12.
• In Rayleigh flat fading environments, XR2 SF9 still offers better QoS vs LoRaWAN SF12, yet ~8 dB greater
energy efficiency.
8
133.12 ms 262.14 ms
50.18 ms 163.84 ms
50.18 ms 131.07 ms
12.54 ms
12.54 ms 38.92 ms
49.16 ms
LoRaWAN®
Default Settings
SF12 @ 500 kHz
Haystack XR2
SF11 @ 500 kHz
1/2 Rate (A)
3/4 Rate (B)
(A)
(B)
Haystack XR2
SF9 @ 500 kHz
1/2 Rate (A)
3/4 Rate (B)
(A)
(B)
Preamble 24 Byte Frame Time-on-Air (Ratio)
395.26 ms (1.00)
214.02 ms (0.54)
181.25 ms (0.46)
61.70 ms (0.16)
51.46 ms (0.13)
Conclusions
9. Conclusions and What’s Next
9
• Versus LoRaWAN, Haystack LoRa XR2 can yield enormous gains to efficiency, Quality of
Service (QoS), and channel density for LoRa deployments in dense urban, indoor, or other
environments where multipath dominates.
• In environments where AWGN dominates, Haystack LoRa XR2 still yields a roughly 3dB
improvement to efficiency and channel density, vs. LoRaWAN.
• Ricean models describe environments where there is some compromise between AWGN
environments (i.e. line of sight) and Rayleigh flat fading environments. We expect Haystack
LoRa XR2 to perform markedly better than LoRaWAN in these environments, although not so
dramatically better as it does in Rayleigh flat fading environments.
10. For more info on XR2 error correction:
https://www.haystacktechnologies.com/xr-error-correction/
HayTag 2.0 Demo Kits with XR2 error correction:
https://www.haystacktechnologies.com/demo-kits/
Other questions?
info@haystacktechnologies.com